Understanding factors associated with early therapeutic alliance in PTSD treatment: adherence, childhood sexual abuse history, and social support
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic alliance has been associated with better treatment engagement, better adherence, and less dropout across various treatments and disorders. In treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), it may be particularly important to establish a strong early alliance to facilitate treatment adherence. However, factors such as childhood sexual abuse (CSA) history and poor social support may impede the development of early alliance in those receiving PTSD treatment. We sought to examine treatment adherence, CSA history, and social support as factors associated with early alliance in individuals with chronic PTSD who were receiving either prolonged exposure therapy (PE) or sertraline. METHOD: At pretreatment, participants (76.6% female; 64.9% Caucasian; mean age = 37.1 years, SD = 11.3) completed measures of trauma history, general support (Inventory of Socially Supportive Behaviors), and trauma-related social support (Social Reactions Questionnaire). Over the course of 10 weeks of PE or sertraline, they completed early therapeutic alliance (Working Alliance Inventory) and treatment adherence measures. RESULTS: Early alliance was associated with PE adherence (r = .32, p < .05) and overall treatment completion (r = .19, p < .05). Only trauma-related social support predicted the strength of early alliance beyond the effects of treatment condition (β = .23, p < .05); CSA history was not predictive of a lower early alliance. CONCLUSIONS: Given the associations with adherence, clinicians may find it useful to routinely assess alliance early in treatment. Positive trauma support, not CSA history, may be particularly important in the development of a strong early therapeutic alliance.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Low motivation for treatment and poor working alliance have often been associated with a poorer treatment response.
“Low motivation for treatment and poor working alliance, which are factors common to all psychotherapies, have often been associated with a poorer treatment response [42,48,49,50,51].”
From A Multisite Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial of the Efficacy of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder Delivered by Videoconference (2022) · cites this paper as [50]
The paper’s Conclusions (page unavailable) report a consistent association between stronger therapeutic alliance and better psychotherapy outcomes. Its Results (page unavailable) also link early alliance to homework adherence and treatment completion. The copy does not establish the claim that low motivation for treatment is associated with poorer response; a search for “motivation” found no relevant passage. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredExisting literature suggests that the rapport in PE is critical.
“existing literature suggests that the rapport in PE is critical (Keller et al., 2010; McLaughlin et al., 2014).”
From Augmenting Prolonged Exposure therapy for PTSD with intranasal oxytocin: a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial (2018) · cites this paper as Keller et al., 2010
The acute prosocial and interpersonal effects of MDMA may support the quality of the therapeutic alliance, a potentially important factor relating to PTSD treatment adherence and outcome.
“Additionally, the acute prosocial and interpersonal effects of MDMA25,29 may support the quality of the therapeutic alliance, a potentially important factor relating to PTSD treatment adherence30 and outcome31.”
From MDMA-assisted therapy for severe PTSD: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study (2021) · cites this paper as [30]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/bf03193146 · Cited by 65,971 · see citing works
Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults.
Brewin, C. R., Andrews, B., & Valentine, J. D. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.68.5.748 · Cited by 5,254 · see citing works
Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults
Brewin, C. R., Andrews, B., & Valentine, J. D. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.68.5.748 · Cited by 5,243 · see citing works
Relation of the therapeutic alliance with outcome and other variables: a meta-analytic review
Martin, D. J., Garske, J. P., & Davis, M. K. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.68.3.438 · Cited by 3,355 · see citing works
Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder
Foa, E. B., Riggs, D. S., Dancu, C. V., & Rothbaum, B. O. (1993) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490060405 · Cited by 2,537 · see citing works
Factor structure of the working alliance inventory
Tracey, T. J., & Kokotovic, A. M. (1989) · Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.1.3.207 · Cited by 1,501 · see citing works
Preliminary development of a scale of social support: Studies on college students
Barrera, M., Sandler, I. N., & Ramsay, T. B. (1981) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf00918174 · Cited by 1,218 · see citing works
Foa, E. B., Dancu, C. V., Hembree, E. A., Jaycox, L. H., Meadows, E. A., & Street, G. P. (1999) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.67.2.194 · Cited by 1,060 · see citing works
Efficacy and Safety of Sertraline Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Brady, K. T., Pearlstein, T. B., Asnis, G. M., Baker, D. G., ROTHBAUM, B. O., Sikes, C. R., & Farfel, G. M. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.14.1837 · Cited by 696 · see citing works
Cloitre, M., Chase Stovall-McClough, K., Miranda, R., & Chemtob, C. M. (2004) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.72.3.411 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Therapeutic alliance rupture as a therapy event for empirical investigation.
Safran, J. D., Crocker, P., McMain, S., & Murray, P. D. (1990) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/0033-3204.27.2.154 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Ullman, S. E. (2000) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2000.tb00208.x · Cited by 330 · see citing works
The long-term sequelae of sexual abuse: Support for a complex posttraumatic stress disorder
Zlotnick, C., Zakriski, A. L., Shea, M. T., Costello, E., Begin, A., Pearlstein, T. B., & Simpson, E. B. (1996) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1007/bf02110655 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Dropouts versus completers among chronically depressed outpatients
Arnow, B. A., Blasey, C., Manber, R., Constantino, M. J., Markowitz, J. C., Klein, D. N., Thase, M. E., Kocsis, J. H., & Rush, A. J. (2007) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2006.06.017 · Cited by 182 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Additionally, quality of therapeutic alliance is associated with lower psychotherapy dropout (e.g., Arnow et al., 2007).”
BackgroundPredicting the therapeutic alliance in alcoholism treatment.
Connors, G. J., DiClemente, C. C., Dermen, K. H., Kadden, R. M., Carroll, K. M., & Frone, M. R. (2000) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.2000.61.139 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Attachment Patterns and Working Alliance in Trauma Therapy for Victims of Political Violence
Kanninen, K. M., Salo, J., & Punamäki, R. (2000) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1093/ptr/10.4.435 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Carey, P. D., Walker, J. L., Rossouw, W., Seedat, S., & Stein, D. J. (2007) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-007-0641-0 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
The Role of the Alliance in the Pharmacologic Treatment of Depression
Weiss, M. D., Gaston, L., Propst, A., Wisebord, S., & Zicherman, V. (1997) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v58n0504 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Patients' expectancies, the alliance in pharmacotherapy, and treatment outcomes in bipolar disorder.
Gaudiano, B. A., & Miller, I. W. (2006) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.74.4.671 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Alliance development in therapy for resolving child abuse issues.
Paivio, S. C., & Patterson, L. A. (1999) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/h0087843 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Strauss, J. L., & Johnson, S. L. (2006) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2006.01.007 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- First MB Spitzer RL Gibbon M Williams JB 1995 Structured clinical interview for DSM–IV Axis I disorders—Patient Edition (SCID-I/P, Version 2) New York, NY Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute
Cited by
Sorted by citations
MDMA-assisted therapy for severe PTSD: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study
Mitchell, J. M., Bogenschutz, M., Lilienstein, A., Harrison, C., Kleiman, S., Parker-Guilbert, K., Ot’alora G., M., Garas, W., Paleos, C., Gorman, I., et al. (2021) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01336-3 · Cited by 1,004 · see citing works
Social support and posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies
Wang, Y., Chung, M. C., Wang, N., Yu, X., & Kenardy, J. A. (2021) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2021.101998 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Non-adherence and non-response in the treatment of anxiety disorders
Taylor, S., Abramowitz, J. S., & McKay, D. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.02.010 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Feduccia, A. A., Jerome, L., Yazar-Klosinski, B., Emerson, A., Mithoefer, M. C., & Doblin, R. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00650 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Shattock, L., Berry, K., Degnan, A., & Edge, D. (2018) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2135 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Price, M., Gros, D. F., Strachan, M., Ruggiero, K. J., & Acierno, R. (2013) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0026244 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
The working alliance: Where have we been, where are we going?
Doran, J. M. (2014) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2014.954153 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Flanagan, J. C., Sippel, L. M., Wahlquist, A., Moran-Santa Maria, M. M., & Back, S. E. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.12.014 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Ormhaug, S. M., Jensen, T. K., Wentzel-Larsen, T., & Shirk, S. R. (2014) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0033884 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Spidel, A., Lecomte, T., Kealy, D., & Daigneault, I. (2018) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12159 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
MDMA-Assisted Therapy for Severe PTSD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study
Mitchell, J. M., Bogenschutz, M., Lilienstein, A., Harrison, C., Kleiman, S., Parker-Guilbert, K., Ot’alora G, M., Garas, W., Paleos, C., Gorman, I., et al. (2023) · Focus · doi:10.1176/appi.focus.23021011 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Bohus, M., Schmahl, C. G., Fydrich, T., Steil, R., Müller‐Engelmann, M., Herzog, J., Ludäscher, P., Kleindienst, N., & Priebe, K. (2019) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/s40479-019-0099-y · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Levis, M., Leonard Westgate, C., Gui, J., Watts, B. V., & Shiner, B. (2021) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291720000173 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Howard, R. A., Berry, K., & Haddock, G. (2021) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2642 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Change mechanisms in psychotherapy: Multiperspective assessment and relation to outcome
Mander, J. V., Wittorf, A., Schlarb, A., Hautzinger, M., Zipfel, S., & Sammet, I. (2013) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2012.744111 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
The therapeutic alliance in exposure therapy for anxiety-related disorders: A critical review
Buchholz, J. L., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102194 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The impact of the therapeutic alliance on treatment outcome in patients with dissociative disorders
Cronin, E., Brand, B. L., & Mattanah, J. F. (2014) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.3402/ejpt.v5.22676 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
van Minnen, A., Hendriks, L., de Kleine, R. A., Hendriks, G., Verhagen, M., & de Jongh, A. (2018) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2018.1492836 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Capaldi, S., Asnaani, A., Zandberg, L. J., Carpenter, J. K., & Foa, E. B. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22303 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Ormhaug, S. M., & Jensen, T. K. (2016) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2016.1189617 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Yasinski, C. W., Hayes, A. M., Alpert, E., McCauley, T. G., Ready, C. B., Webb, C. P. M., & Deblinger, E. (2018) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2018.05.008 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
de Felice, G., Giuliani, A., Halfon, S., Andreassi, S., Paoloni, G., & Orsucci, F. F. (2019) · New Ideas in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2019.01.006 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Brady, F., Warnock‐Parkes, E., Barker, C., & Ehlers, A. (2015) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.10.001 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Telehealth and eHealth interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder
Morland, L. A., Greene, C. J., Rosen, C. S., Kuhn, E. R., Hoffman, J. E., & Sloan, D. M. (2016) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.12.003 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Mey, A., Knox, K., Kelly, F., Davey, A. K., Fowler, J., Hattingh, L., Fejzic, J., McConnell, D., & Wheeler, A. (2013) · Patient · doi:10.1007/s40271-013-0032-1 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Ellis, A. E., Simiola, V., Brown, L. S., Courtois, C. A., & Cook, J. M. (2017) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1080/15299732.2017.1329771 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Social support among releasing men prisoners with lifetime trauma experiences
Pettus‐Davis, C. (2014) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2014.02.024 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Depression sudden gains and transient depression spikes during treatment for PTSD.
Keller, S. M., Feeny, N. C., & Zoellner, L. A. (2013) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0035286 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationZorzella, K. P. M., Muller, R. T., & Cribbie, R. A. (2015) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.08.002 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Capehart, B. P., & Bass, D. (2012) · The Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development · doi:10.1682/jrrd.2011.10.0185 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Thinking through text comprehension I: Foundation and guiding relations.
Layng, T. V. J., Sota, M. S., & Leon, M. (2011) · The Behavior Analyst Today · doi:10.1037/h0100706 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Keller, S. M., & Tuerk, P. W. (2015) · Psychological Services · doi:10.1037/ser0000064 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationSijercic, I., Liebman, R. E., Stirman, S. W., & Monson, C. M. (2021) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22676 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Macinnes, M., Macpherson, G. J., Austin, J., & Schwannauer, M. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.09.054 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Campbell, S. B., Erbes, C., Grubbs, K., & Fortney, J. (2020) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22542 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Tielman, M. L., Neerincx, M. A., & Brinkman, W. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.9240 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Spidel, A., Daigneault, I., Kealy, D., & Lecomte, T. (2018) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465818000413 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
The long-term effect of trauma history on adolescent depression treatment.
Waldron, E. M., Howard, K. R., & Reinecke, M. A. (2019) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000457 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Lawford, B. J., Bennell, K. L., Campbell, P. K., Kasza, J., & Hinman, R. S. (2019) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.23890 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Wells, S. Y., Morland, L. A., Hurst, S., Jackson, G. L., Kehle‐Forbes, S., Jaime, K., & Aarons, G. A. (2022) · Psychological Services · doi:10.1037/ser0000714 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Feduccia, A. A., Jerome, L., Yazar‐Klosinski, B., Emerson, A., Mithoefer, M. C., & Doblin, R. (2023) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.focus.23021013 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Prolonged Exposure Therapy for a Vietnam Veteran With PTSD and Early-Stage Dementia
Duax, J. M., Perrine, B. W., Rauch, S. A. M., & Adams, K. M. (2012) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2012.02.001 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Connecting mental health court participants with services: Process, challenges, and recommendations.
Edwards, E. R., Sissoko, D. R. G., Abrams, D., Samost, D., Gamma, S. L., & Geraci, J. C. (2020) · Psychology Public Policy and Law · doi:10.1037/law0000236 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Chen, J. A., Fortney, J. C., Bergman, H. E., Browne, K. C., Grubbs, K. M., Hudson, T. J., & Raue, P. J. (2019) · Psychological Services · doi:10.1037/ser0000329 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Doukas, A. M., D'Andrea, W. M., Doran, J. M., & Pole, N. (2014) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.21968 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Beierl, E. T., Murray, H., Wiedemann, M., Warnock-Parkes, E., Wild, J., Stott, R., Grey, N., Clark, D. M., & Ehlers, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.602648 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Thompson‐Hollands, J., Burmeister, L. B., Rosen, C. S., O’Dougherty, M., Erickson, E. P. G., & Meis, L. A. (2019) · Psychological Services · doi:10.1037/ser0000389 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The Influence of Trauma Symptoms on the Therapeutic Alliance Across Treatment
Lawson, D. M., Skidmore, S. T., & Akay, S. (2020) · Journal of Counseling & Development · doi:10.1002/jcad.12297 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Social support and (complex) posttraumatic stress symptom severity: does gender matter?
Fares‐Otero, N. E., Sharp, T. H., Karthikeyan, S., Balle, S. R., Quaatz, S. M., Vieta, E., Åhs, F., Allgaier, A., Arévalo, A., Bachem, R., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2024.2398921 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Bouchard, S., Dugas, M. J., Belleville, G., Langlois, F., Gosselin, P., Robillard, G., Corno, G., & Marchand, A. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11195924 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Malgaroli, M., Hull, T. D., Stirman, S. W., & Resick, P. A. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/15587 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
McIlveen, R., Curran, D. B., Mitchell, R., DePrince, A. P., O'Donnell, K., & Hanna, D. (2020) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22530 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Fahlgren, M. K., Berman, M. E., & McCloskey, M. S. (2020) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2475 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
The Working Alliance in Group Counseling: An Exploratory Study
Robak, R. W., Kangos, K. A., Chiffriller, S. H., & Griffin, P. W. (2013) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/21.02.pr0.113x19z7 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-mutilation as expressed in self-figure drawings in adolescent sexual abuse survivors
Jacobs-Kayam, A., Lev‐Wiesel, R., & Zohar, G. (2012) · The Arts in Psychotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.aip.2012.11.003 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Pedersen, E. R., Callaghan, G. M., Prins, A., Nguyen, H. V., & Tsai, M. (2012) · International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy · doi:10.1037/h0100947 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
What Are We Communicating When We Present the Diagnosis of PNES?
Dworetzky, B. A. (2015) · Epiliepsy currents/Epilepsy currents · doi:10.5698/1535-7511-15.6.353 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Rosen, C. S., Azevedo, K. J., Tiêt, Q. Q., Greene, C. J., Wood, A. E., Calhoun, P. S., Bowe, T. R., Capehart, B. P., Crawford, E., Greenbaum, M. A., et al. (2016) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201600069 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Griffin, A. R., Jagnoor, J., Arora, M., Cameron, I. D., Kifley, A., Sterling, M. M., Kenardy, J. A., & Rebbeck, T. J. (2019) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-019-4623-y · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Seeing the person before the teeth: A realist evaluation of a dental anxiety service in Norway
Bryne, E., Hean, S. C. P. D., Evensen, K. B., & Bull, V. H. (2022) · European Journal Of Oral Sciences · doi:10.1111/eos.12860 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Process analysis of trauma‐focused cognitive behavioural therapy for individuals with schizophrenia
O’Driscoll, C., Mason, O. J., Brady, F., Smith, B., & Steel, C. (2015) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12072 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Therapeutic alliance in the treatment of adolescent substance misuse: a systematic review
Sulaman, I., Hartley, S., & Elvins, R. (2023) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/camh.12671 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Imagery re-scripting for PTSD: session content and its relation to symptom improvement
Brown, G. P., Salter, C., Parker, E., Murray, H., Looney, K., El‐Leithy, S., Medin, E., Nováková, B., & Wheatley, J. (2022) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465822000479 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Held, P., Meade, E. A., Kovacevic, M., Smith, D. L., Pridgen, S., Coleman, J. A., & Klassen, B. J. (2022) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/pst0000447 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Social Support, Emotional Intelligence, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms
Hofman, N. L., Hahn, A. M., Tirabassi, C. K., & Gaher, R. M. (2016) · Journal of Individual Differences · doi:10.1027/1614-0001/a000185 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Bauer, A. G., Ruglass, L. M., Shevorykin, A., Saraiya, T. C., Robinson, G., Cadet, K., Julien, L., Chao, T. W.-C., & Hien, D. A. (2022) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2022.108766 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Victims of Child Abuse Dropping Out of Trauma-Focused Treatment: A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors
van der Hoeven, M. L., Assink, M., Stams, G. J. J. M., Daams, J. G., Lindauer, R., & Hein, I. M. (2022) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1007/s40653-022-00500-2 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Bovard-Johns, R. M., Yoder, J. R., & Burton, D. L. (2015) · Journal of Offender Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/10509674.2015.1025179 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Lobanov‐Rostovsky, S., & Kiss, L. (2022) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2022.55 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Therapist turnover and client non-attendance
Babbar, S., Adams, D. R., Becker‐Haimes, E. M., Skriner, L. C., Kratz, H. E., Cliggitt, L. P., Inacker, P., & Beidas, R. S. (2018) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.06.026 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Gatov, E., Koziel, N., Kurdyak, P. A., Saunders, N. R., Chiu, M., Lebenbaum, M., Chen, S., & Vigod, S. N. (2020) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.05.015 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Guzder, J., Bond, S., Rabiau, M. A., Zelkowitz, P., & Rohar, S. (2011) · PubMed Central · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Sullivan, J. M., Lawson, D. M., & Akay, S. (2020) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2020.1751368 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Lohse, A., Lemelle, I., Pillet, P., Duquesne, A., Ballot, C., Tran, T.-A., Sparsa, L., Goumy, L., Reumaux, H., Rossi‐Semerano, L., et al. (2021) · Joint Bone Spine · doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2021.105151 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Vitale, R. A. (2015) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Wienhold, S., Bär, L., Ringleb, Z., Zirpel, V., Gomolla, A., Denk, B., Volkmer, N., Gaertner, R. J., Klink, E. S. C., & Pruessner, J. C. (2025) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-025-02947-7 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Saraiya, T. C., Fareri, D. S., López‐Castro, T., Hien, D. A., Fertuck, E. A., & Melara, R. D. (2019) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2019.1697582 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Lawson, D. M., Stulmaker, H. L., & Tinsley, K. (2017) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2017.1331941 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Lackner, J. M., Quigley, B. M., Radziwon, C. D., & Vargovich, A. M. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000001343 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Prediction of psychotherapy process and outcome with the Personality Assessment Inventory
McCredie, M. N., Kurtz, J. E., & Valentine, L. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.110 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Saraiya, T. C., Jarnecke, A. M., Bauer, A. G., Brown, D. G., Killeen, T. K., & Back, S. E. (2022) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2810 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Lewis, C., Bailey, L., Ariti, C. A., Kitchiner, N., Roberts, N. P., Simon, N. A., & Bisson, J. I. (2023) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22947 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Bendall, S., Peters, W., & Kamitsis, I. (2024) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102534 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Premature termination of psychological treatment for anxiety disorders in a clinical setting
Fernández‐Arias, I., García–Fernández, G., Bernaldo‐de‐Quirós, M., Estupiñá, F. J., Encinas, F. J. L., & Labrador, M. (2016) · Psicothema · doi:10.7334/psicothema2015.201 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Padmanabhanunni, A., & Edwards, D. J. A. (2012) · Child abuse research in South Africa · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Andersen, M. R., Clausen, A., Nielsen, A. B. S., & Svendsen, A. L. H. (2021) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.03.023 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Experiences of responsiveness to exercise in people with chronic whiplash: A qualitative study
Griffin, A. R., Moloney, N. A., Leaver, A. M., Jagnoor, J., Michaleff, Z. A., Lin, C. C., & Rebbeck, T. J. (2021) · Musculoskeletal Science and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.msksp.2021.102380 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The Shadow of Childhood Harm Behind Prison Walls
Wolff, N. (2022) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197653135.001.0001 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Sexual Assault Survivors’ Individual and Group Therapy Experiences at Rape Crisis Center
Karakurt, G., Lovell, R. E., McGuire, M. J., Çetinsaya, E. E., & Mouncey, K. (2024) · Women & Therapy · doi:10.1080/02703149.2024.2370741 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Leclerc, M.-È., Paradis, A., Dewar, M., & Fortin, C. A. (2020) · European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2020.100188 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Treatment Adherence Among War Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Concept Analysis
Ebadi, A., Ahmadizadeh, M. J., Nir, M. S., Tavallaii, A., Nia, H. S., & Lotfi, M.-S. (2018) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2017.1420721 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Yoga‐integrated psychotherapy for emotion dysregulation: A pilot study
Childs‐Fegredo, J., Fontana, E., Moran, M. E., & Faulkner, P. (2022) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/capr.12602 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Baier, A. L., Nugent, S. M., Horton, D. M., Salameh, H. A., & Kehle‐Forbes, S. (2023) · Psychological Services · doi:10.1037/ser0000815 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
McCrea, C. E., Tibbets, G., Smith, L. W., & Campbell, C. G. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1518783 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Barr, B. L., McIntosh, V. V. W., Britt, E., Jordan, J., & Carter, J. D. (2023) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2023.2191800 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Schmidt, V., Treml, J., Deller, J., & Kersting, A. (2023) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-023-10383-8 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Behdinan, T., Chen, S., Gatov, E., Chiu, M., Saunders, N. R., Lebenbaum, M., Kurdyak, P. A., & Vigod, S. N. (2023) · European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2023.100375 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Grass, A., Rosner, R., Ciner, A., Renneberg, B., & Steil, R. (2025) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-06410-x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hendriks, L., de Kleine, R. A., Hendriks, G., & van Minnen, A. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08613-2_123-1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Spiritual Coping Tools of Religious Victims of Childhood Sexual Abuse
Redmond, L. W. (2014) · Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications · doi:10.1177/154230501406800103 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Keller, S. M., Zoellner, L. A., & Feeny, N. C.
- Affiliations
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2010-12
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 974-979
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- PMC
- PMC3244206
- OpenAlex
- W2065591296
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 7.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH066348, R01MH066347)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- therapeutic relationship, post-traumatic stress disorder, medication adherence, child sexual abuse, social support, prolonged exposure therapy, sertraline, chronic PTSD, treatment discontinuation
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Implosive Therapy, Life Change Events, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Support, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Treatment Outcome, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Sertraline, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
