A randomized controlled trial evaluating a brief parenting program with children with autism spectrum disorders
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of Primary Care Stepping Stones Triple P, a brief individualized parenting program, in a sample of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHOD: Sixty-four parents of children aged 2-9 years (M = 5.67, SD = 2.14) with an ASD diagnosis participated in the study. Eighty-six percent of children were male, and 89% of parents identified their child's ethnicity as Australian/White. Families were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 conditions (intervention or care-as-usual) and were assessed at 3 time points (preintervention, postintervention, and 6-month follow-up). Parents completed a range of questionnaires to assess changes in child behavior (Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory) and parent outcomes (Parenting Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, Parent Problem Checklist, Relationship Quality Inventory, Parental Stress Scale) and 30-min home observations of parent-child interactions. RESULTS: Relative to the care-as-usual group, significant short-term improvements were found in the intervention group on parent-reported child behavior problems, dysfunctional parenting styles, parenting confidence, and parental stress, parental conflict, and relationship happiness. No significant intervention effects were found on levels of parental depression or anxiety, or on observed child disruptive and parent aversive behavior. The effect sizes for significant variables ranged from medium to large. Short-term effects were predominantly maintained at 6-month follow-up, and parents reported high levels of goal achievement and satisfaction with the program. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that a brief low intensity version of Stepping Stones Triple P is an efficacious intervention for parents of children with ASD.
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There have been studies reporting both a reduction in laxness and overreactivity after a parent training for parents of children with ASD or IDD or no effect on parenting practices at all.
“However, it has to be noted that there have been studies reporting both a reduction in laxness and overreactivity after a parent training for parents of children with ASD (83) or IDD (67) or no effect on parenting practices at all (71).”
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“Tellegen and Sanders [73] developed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of a short SSTP program (four sessions), applicable in primary care (i.e., Primary Care Stepping Stones Tripe P (PCSSTP)).”
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“However, it has to be noted that there have been studies reporting both a reduction in laxness and overreactivity after a parent training for parents of children with ASD (83) or IDD (67) or no effect on parenting practices at all (71).”
Background
- Authors
- Tellegen, C. L., & Sanders, M. R.
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2014-12
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1193-1200
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- OpenAlex
- W2157608096
- Cited by
- 109
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 3.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, parenting support, Stepping Stones Triple P, child behavior problems, dysfunctional parenting, parental stress, parental confidence, parent-child interaction, parent-child relationship, early childhood
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Anxiety, Australia, Child, Child Behavior, Child, Preschool, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Parents, Surveys and Questionnaires, Parenting, Treatment Outcome, White People
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