The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Group inhibition of bystander intervention in emergencies.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Interestingly, the response time for intervention in the three naive subjects case was considerably longer than the single subject case, indicating 1) that individuals in groups did pay heed to social proof before acting, and 2) that in many cases (38%), social proof from only two peers was not enough to preclude intervention.”
From Pluralistic ignorance in the bystander effect: informational dynamics of unresponsive witnesses in situations calling for intervention (2014) · cites this paper as Latané and Darley, 1968
In the citing paper
“With 2 confederates in the room, only 1 in 10 naive subjects intervened.”
From Pluralistic ignorance in the bystander effect: informational dynamics of unresponsive witnesses in situations calling for intervention (2014) · cites this paper as Latané and Darley, 1968
In the citing paper
“The classic 'smoky room' experiment of (Latané and Darley, 1968), specifically designed to test the hypothesis of the second step of the explanation of the bystander effect (see p. 2), has served as a strong guide for the construction of the models, and provides data which allows the rejection of three of them.”
From Pluralistic ignorance in the bystander effect: informational dynamics of unresponsive witnesses in situations calling for intervention (2014) · cites this paper as Latané and Darley, 1968
In the citing paper
“[m]ost emergencies are, or at least begin as, ambiguous events”
From Pluralistic ignorance in the bystander effect: informational dynamics of unresponsive witnesses in situations calling for intervention (2014) · cites this paper as Latané and Darley, 1968
In the citing paper
“but only 38% of the 8 groups did so.”
From Pluralistic ignorance in the bystander effect: informational dynamics of unresponsive witnesses in situations calling for intervention (2014) · cites this paper as Latané and Darley, 1968
In the citing paper
“Of the subjects that were alone, 75% reported the smoke, a number high enough to warrant the rejection of the City Dweller model, which would have it that all evade.”
From Pluralistic ignorance in the bystander effect: informational dynamics of unresponsive witnesses in situations calling for intervention (2014) · cites this paper as Latané and Darley, 1968
In the citing paper
“As the possible accident will have dire consequences for the subjects themselves, the experimenters assumed that no diffusion of responsibility arose.”
From Pluralistic ignorance in the bystander effect: informational dynamics of unresponsive witnesses in situations calling for intervention (2014) · cites this paper as Latané and Darley, 1968
Citations
Cites
Bystander intervention in emergencies: Diffusion of responsibility.
Darley, J. M., & Latane, B. (1968) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0025589 · Cited by 3,083
Self-citationGoffman, E. (1963) · Cited by 2,151
Beech, H. R. (1963) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(63)90032-1 · Cited by 1,679
Gregariousness and fear in laboratory rats
Latané, B. (1969) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(69)90006-7 · Cited by 169
Social and nonsocial attraction in rats.
Latané, B., & Glass, D. C. (1968) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0025843 · Cited by 90
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Moral Emotions and Moral Behavior
Tangney, J. P., Stuewig, J., & Mashek, D. J. (2007) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070145 · Cited by 3,222
The psychology of social impact
Latané, B. (1981) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.36.4.343 · Cited by 2,864
Enhancing Our Lives with Immersive Virtual Reality
Slater, M., & Sanchez-Vives, M. V. (2016) · Frontiers in Robotics and AI · doi:10.3389/frobt.2016.00074 · Cited by 1,993
“…initiated in the late 1960s provoked by a specific incident when apparently 38 bystanders observed a woman being murdered and did nothing to help.61 Latane and Darley (1968) introduced the notion of the “bystander effect,” which postulates that the more bystanders there are at an emergency event…”
BackgroundGoldman, A. I. (2006) · doi:10.1093/0195138929.001.0001 · Cited by 1,526
An Explication of Social Norms
Lapinski, M. K., & Rimal, R. N. (2005) · Communication Theory · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2005.tb00329.x · Cited by 1,424
“…been demonstrated both experimentally and through observational studies of mob inaction (see Latane & Nida, 1981, for a review), bystander apathy (Latane & Darley, 1968) being a particularly egregious form of inaction on the part of individuals who interpret others’ unwillingness to help someone…”
BackgroundResult
Metadata
- Authors
- Latane, B., & Darley, J. M.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1968
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 215-221
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2029511299
- Cited by
- 1,252
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 71 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 59 · 2015: 69 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 71 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 42.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychology of Social Influence
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics
- Keywords
- bystander effect, emergency response, helping behavior, group size, diffusion of responsibility
- MeSH terms
- Emergencies, Fires, Group Processes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
