Retention of abstract ideas.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Prototypes are judged faster and more accurately, even if they themselves have never been seen before.
“Prototypes are judged faster and more accurately, even if they themselves have never been seen before.”
From FREQUENCY EFFECTS IN LANGUAGE PROCESSING: A Review with Implications for Theories of Implicit and Explicit Language Acquisition (2002) · cites this paper as Posner & Keele, 1970
Someone who has never seen a sparrow, yet who has experienced the rest of the run of the avian mill, will still be fast and accurate in judging it to be a bird.
“For example, someone who has never seen a sparrow, yet who has experienced the rest of the run of the avian mill, will still be fast and accurate in judging it to be a bird (Posner & Keele, 1970).”
From FREQUENCY EFFECTS IN LANGUAGE PROCESSING: A Review with Implications for Theories of Implicit and Explicit Language Acquisition (2002) · cites this paper as Posner & Keele, 1970
Cites
REMEMBERING: A STUDY IN EXPERIMENTAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Bartlett, F. C., & Burt, C. (1933) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8279.1933.tb02913.x · Cited by 7,475 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A perspective on judgment and choice: mapping bounded rationality.
Kahneman, D. (2003) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.58.9.697 · Cited by 5,540 · see citing works
Dimensions of Consumer Expertise
Alba, J. W., & Hutchinson, J. W. (1987) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209080 · Cited by 4,375 · see citing works
Context theory of classification learning
Medin, D. L., & Schaffer, M. M. (1978) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.85.3.207 · Cited by 3,061 · see citing works
A massively parallel architecture for a self-organizing neural pattern recognition machine
Carpenter, G. A., & Grossberg, S. (1987) · Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing · doi:10.1016/s0734-189x(87)80014-2 · Cited by 2,525 · see citing works
Ellis, N. C. (2002) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263102002024 · Cited by 2,230 · see citing works
Implicit learning and tacit knowledge
Reber, A. S. (1989) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.118.3.219 · Cited by 1,581 · see citing works
Competitive learning: From interactive activation to adaptive resonance
Grossberg, S. (1987) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/j.1551-6708.1987.tb00862.x · Cited by 1,471 · see citing works
Event memory: A theory of memory for laboratory, autobiographical, and fictional events.
Rubin, D. C., & Umanath, S. (2015) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0037907 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Abstraction and The Process of Recognition
Posner, M. I. (1970) · Psychology of Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(08)60397-7 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Self-citationA neurobiological theory of automaticity in perceptual categorization
Ashby, F. G., Ennis, J. M., & Spiering, B. J. (2007) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.114.3.632 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Against stored abstractions: A radical exemplar model of language acquisition
Ambridge, B. (2020) · First Language · doi:10.1177/0142723719869731 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
The role of the basal ganglia in category learning
Ashby, F. G., & Ennis, J. M. (2006) · Psychology of Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(06)46001-1 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Ellis, N. C., O'Donnell, M. B., & Römer, U. (2014) · Cognitive Linguistics · doi:10.1515/cog-2013-0031 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Wright, D. L., & Shea, C. H. (2001) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2001.10608929 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Tracking the relation between gist and item memory over the course of long-term memory consolidation
Zeng, T., Tompary, A., Schapiro, A. C., & Thompson-Schill, S. L. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.65588 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
The impact of sleep on novel concept learning
Graveline, Y. M., & Wamsley, E. J. (2017) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2017.03.008 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
- Authors
- Posner, M. I., & Keele, S. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Oregon (US)
- ORCID
- Posner, Michael I.
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology
- Published
- 1970-02
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 2, Pt.1
- Pages
- 304-308
- ISSN
- 0022-1015 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2024311997
- Cited by
- 625
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 2.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- abstract concepts, retention, memory retention
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
