Runaway risk of forming toxic compounds
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries are stabilized by an ultrathin protective film that is 10-50 nanometers thick and coats both electrodes. Here we artificially simulate the 'thermal-runaway' conditions that would arise should this coating be destroyed, which could happen in a battery large enough to overheat beyond 80 degrees C. We find that under these conditions the reaction of the battery electrolyte with the material of the unprotected positive electrode results in the formation of toxic fluoro-organic compounds. Although not a concern for the small units used in today's portable devices, this unexpected chemical hazard should be taken into account as larger and larger lithium-ion batteries are developed, for example for incorporation into electric-powered vehicles.
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Lithium ion or alkaline batteries exhibit long lifetimes for extended biosensor operation; however, they are relatively bulky and can pose toxicity issues, particularly lithium ion-based systems.
“These devices exhibit long lifetimes for extended biosensor operation; however, they are relatively bulky and can pose toxicity issues, particularly lithium ion-based systems175,176.”
From Wearable biosensors for healthcare monitoring (2019) · cites this paper as [175]
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Sturk, D., Rosell, L., Blomqvist, P., & Tidblad, A. A. (2019) · Batteries · doi:10.3390/batteries5030061 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Kim, Y., Kwon, S. J., Jang, H., Jung, B. M., Lee, S. B., & Choi, U. H. (2017) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b00879 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hammami, A., Raymond, N., & Armand, M.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Armand, Michel
- ORCID
- Armand, Michel
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2003-08
- Volume
- 424
- Issue
- 6949
- Pages
- 635-636
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2003015218
- Cited by
- 346
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 16.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Advanced Battery Technologies Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advancements in Battery Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Keywords
- lithium-ion batteries, thermal runaway, protective coatings, positive electrode, electrolyte decomposition, electric vehicles, battery safety
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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