Cited by 1,009Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseNutritional Studies and DietGut microbiota and health

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Dietary Intake and Risk of Developing Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Hou, Jason K, Abraham, Bincy, El-Serag, Hashem·2011·American Journal of Gastroenterology

DOI 10.1038/ajg.2011.44

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing. Dietary factors such as the spread of the "Western" diet, high in fat and protein but low in fruits and vegetables, may be associated with the increase. Although many studies have evaluated the association between diet and IBD risk, there has been no systematic review. METHODS: We performed a systematic review using guideline-recommended methodology to evaluate the association between pre-illness intake of nutrients (fats, carbohydrates, protein) and food groups (fruits, vegetables, meats) and the risk of subsequent IBD diagnosis. Eligible studies were identified via structured keyword searches in PubMed and Google Scholar and manual searches. RESULTS: Nineteen studies were included, encompassing 2,609 IBD patients (1,269 Crohn's disease (CD) and 1,340 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients) and over 4,000 controls. Studies reported a positive association between high intake of saturated fats, monounsaturated fatty acids, total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), total omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, mono- and disaccharides, and meat and increased subsequent CD risk. Studies reported a negative association between dietary fiber and fruits and subsequent CD risk. High intakes of total fats, total PUFAs, omega-6 fatty acids, and meat were associated with an increased risk of UC. High vegetable intake was associated with a decreased risk of UC. CONCLUSIONS: High dietary intakes of total fats, PUFAs, omega-6 fatty acids, and meat were associated with an increased risk of CD and UC. High fiber and fruit intakes were associated with decreased CD risk, and high vegetable intake was associated with decreased UC risk.

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“Hou et al. [17] conducted a systematic review evaluating the association between pre-illness nutrient and food group intake and subsequent IBD risk.”
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“…WD components, a systematic review by Hou et al. demonstrated that high dietary intake of total fats, PUFAs, omega-6 fatty acids, and meat was associated with increased risk of CD and UC, whereas high intake of fiber and fruit reduced risk of CD, and high vegetable intake reduced UC risk [11].”
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“Contrary to the perceptions of our study population, emerging evidence recognizes diet as a modifiable risk factor in IBD prevention [8,36–39]; specific dietary patterns such as Mediterranean-like, high fiber and low ultra-processed lower the risk of IBD onset [7].”
Ülseratif Kolit’in Tibbi Beslenme Tedavisinde Güncel Diyet Modelleri
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Gyulladásos bélbetegséggel élő serdülők táplálkozási szokásainak felmérése
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Climate classification, sociodemographic development, and the burden of inflammatory bowel disease in tropical countries
Gong, S., 于建伟, Zhong, F., Zhong, P., Lan, Q., & Zhong, X. (2026) · Tropical Medicine and Health · doi:10.1186/s41182-026-01050-1
Preventive intervention with prebiotic-resistant maltodextrin mitigates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in female mice
Yamazaki, K., Kanasaki, A., Kitagawa, M., Sone, Y., & Kishimoto, Y. (2026) · Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1093/bbb/zbag134

Authors: Hou, J. K., Abraham, B., & El-Serag, H.
Affiliations: Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center (US)
Baylor College of Medicine (US)
Corresponding author: Hou, Jason K
ORCID: Hou, Jason K
Abraham, Bincy
Venue: American Journal of Gastroenterology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2011-04
Volume: 106
Issue: 4
Pages: 563-573
ISSN: 0002-9270 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2011.44
OpenAlex: W2030631780
Semantic Scholar: 846fa3e7e7f98a379c5e4b67d65a7f58ab57640c
Cited by: 1,009
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 35 · 2025: 72 · 2024: 84 · 2023: 105 · 2022: 96 · 2021: 83 · 2020: 65 · 2019: 88 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 65 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 39
FWCI: 5.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
Locations: The American Journal of Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK-56338, P30DK056338)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, dietary intake, Western diet, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, dietary fiber, fruit consumption, vegetable consumption, meat consumption, dietary risk factors
MeSH terms: Colitis, Ulcerative, Crohn Disease, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Dietary Fiber, Dietary Proteins, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Fruit, Humans, Meat, Vegetables, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Risk Assessment, Fatty Acids, Omega-6

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Dietary Intake and Risk of Developing Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature

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