Mediterranean dietary pattern and cancer risk in the EPIC cohort
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BACKGROUND: Although several studies have investigated the association of the Mediterranean diet with overall mortality or risk of specific cancers, data on overall cancer risk are sparse. METHODS: We examined the association between adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern and overall cancer risk using data from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and nutrition, a multi-centre prospective cohort study including 142,605 men and 335,873. Adherence to Mediterranean diet was examined using a score (range: 0-9) considering the combined intake of fruits and nuts, vegetables, legumes, cereals, lipids, fish, dairy products, meat products, and alcohol. Association with cancer incidence was assessed through Cox regression modelling, controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS: In all, 9669 incident cancers in men and 21,062 in women were identified. A lower overall cancer risk was found among individuals with greater adherence to Mediterranean diet (hazard ratio=0.96, 95% CI 0.95-0.98) for a two-point increment of the Mediterranean diet score. The apparent inverse association was stronger for smoking-related cancers than for cancers not known to be related to tobacco (P (heterogeneity)=0.008). In all, 4.7% of cancers among men and 2.4% in women would be avoided in this population if study subjects had a greater adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern. CONCLUSION: Greater adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern could reduce overall cancer risk.
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Higher adherence levels to the Mediterranean diet were found here than in a larger Italian cohort study and in the multicentre prospective cohort study on dietary habits of 10 European countries.
“Higher adherence levels to the MD were found here than in a larger Italian cohort study 33 and also in the multicentre prospective cohort study on the dietary habits of 10 European countries.46”
From High-level adherence to a Mediterranean diet beneficially impacts the gut microbiota and associated metabolome (2016) · cites this paper as [46]
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- Authors
- Couto, E., Boffetta, P., Lagiou, P., Ferrari, P., Buckland, G., Overvad, K., Dahm, C. C., Tjønneland, A., Olsen, A., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.-C., Cottet, V, Trichopoulos, D., Naska, A., Benetou, V, Kaaks, R., Rohrmann, S., Boeing, H., von Ruesten, A., Panico, S., Pala, V, Vineis, P., Palli, D., Tumino, R., May, A., Peeters, P. H., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Büchner, F. L., Lund, E., Skeie, G., Engeset, D., Gonzalez, C. A., Navarro, C., Rodríguez, L., Sánchez, M.-J., Amiano, P., Barricarte, A., Hallmans, G., Johansson, I., Manjer, J., Wirfärt, E., Allen, N. E., Crowe, F., Khaw, K.-T., Wareham, N., Moskal, A., Slimani, N., Jenab, M., Romaguera, D., Mouw, T., Norat, T., Riboli, E., & Trichopoulou, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Oslo (NO)
- Hellenic Health Foundation (GR)
- European Food Safety Authority (IT)
- Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge (ES)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Aalborg University Hospital (DK)
- Danish Cancer Society (DK)
- Inserm (FR)
- Harvard University (US)
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- German Cancer Research Center (DE)
- German Institute of Human Nutrition (DE)
- Federico II University Hospital (IT)
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (IT)
- Institute for Scientific Interchange (IT)
- Istituto per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica (IT)
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway (NO)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (ES)
- Basque Government (ES)
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra (ES)
- Umeå University (SE)
- Lund University (SE)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Centre international de recherche sur le cancer (FR)
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Boffetta, P
- ORCID
- Couto, E
- Boffetta, P
- Ferrari, P
- Buckland, G
- Overvad, K
- Dahm, C C
- Tjønneland, A
- Olsen, A
- Cottet, V
- Naska, A
- Benetou, V
- Kaaks, R
- Rohrmann, S
- Boeing, H
- Panico, S
- Pala, V
- Vineis, P
- Palli, D
- Tumino, R
- May, A
- Peeters, P H
- Büchner, F L
- Lund, E
- Skeie, G
- Engeset, D
- Gonzalez, C A
- Navarro, C
- Rodríguez, L
- Sánchez, M-J
- Amiano, P
- Barricarte, A
- Johansson, I
- Manjer, J
- Crowe, F
- Khaw, K-T
- Wareham, N
- Moskal, A
- Slimani, N
- Jenab, M
- Romaguera, D
- Trichopoulou, A
- Venue
- British Journal of Cancer
- Published
- 2011-04
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1493-1499
- ISSN
- 0007-0920 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-1827
- PMC
- PMC3101925
- OpenAlex
- W2109006447
- Cited by
- 291
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 20.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
- Locations
- British Journal of Cancer (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Rivm Repository (Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment) (submittedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (RD06/0020)
- Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer (RD06/0020)
- Wellcome Trust
- Cancer Research UK (RD06/0020)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- British Heart Foundation
- European Commission (RD06/0020)
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (RD06/0020)
- Cancerfonden
- Ligue Contre le Cancer (RD06/0020)
- Stavros Niarchos Foundation (RD06/0020)
- NordForsk
- Deutsche Krebshilfe (RD06/0020)
- Hellenic Health Foundation (RD06/0020)
- Medical Research Council (RD06/0020)
- World Cancer Research Fund (RD06/0020)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RD06/0020)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet, dietary adherence, cancer risk, cancer incidence, tobacco-related cancer, cancer prevention, EPIC cohort, diet and cancer
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Educational Status, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Medical Record Linkage, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Neoplasms, Prospective Studies, Registries, Sex Factors, Smoking, Cohort Studies, Incidence, Odds Ratio, Risk Assessment, Diet, Mediterranean
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