Coronary calcification in adults with Turner syndrome
Open accessAbstract
PurposeAdults with Turner syndrome (TS) have an increased predisposition to ischemic heart disease. The quantitative relationship between coronary atherosclerosis and TS has yet to be established.MethodsA total of 128 females (62 with TS) participated in this prospective study. Coronary computed tomography angiography was performed to measure coronary calcified plaque burden, and prevalent noncalcified plaque burden. Regression analysis was used to study the effects of TS and traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors on coronary plaque burden.ResultsAdults with TS were 63% more likely to have coronary calcifications than controls (odds ratio 1.63, 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 2.61, P = 0.04), with an age cutoff of 51.7 years for a probability of >50% for the presence of coronary calcifications, when compared to 55.7 years in female controls. The average age of TS patients with calcified plaques was significantly lower than that of controls with calcified plaques (51.5 ± 8.9 years vs. 60.5 ± 7.0 years, P < 0.001). Age increased the likelihood of coronary calcifications by 13% per year (odds ratio 1.13, confidence interval 95%: 1.07-1.19, P < 0.001).ConclusionThis study demonstrates a higher prevalence and earlier onset of calcified coronary plaques in TS. These findings have important implications for cardiovascular risk assessment and the management of patients with TS.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
There is no evidence that TS predisposes to coronary artery disease independently of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obesity, or smoking.
“There is no evidence that TS predisposes to coronary artery disease independently of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obesity, or smoking.482,483”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [482]
Two studies reached conflicting conclusions about whether TS predisposes to coronary artery disease independently of traditional risk factors using coronary CT.
“Two studies reached conflicting conclusions about this issue using coronary CT.482,483”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [482]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure
Yancy, C. W., Jessup, M., Bozkurt, B., Butler, J., Casey, D. E., Drazner, M. H., Fonarow, G. C., Geraci, S. A., Horwich, T., Januzzi, J. L., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.019 · Cited by 12,536 · see citing works
Quantification of coronary artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography
Agatston, A. S., Janowitz, W. R., Hildner, F. J., Zusmer, N. R., Viamonte, M., & Detrano, R. (1990) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0735-1097(90)90282-t · Cited by 7,786 · see citing works
2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk
Goff, D. C., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Bennett, G., Coady, S., D’Agostino, R. B., Gibbons, R., Greenland, P., Lackland, D. T., Levy, D., O’Donnell, C. J., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.005 · Cited by 4,945 · see citing works
Goff, D. C., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Bennett, G., Coady, S., D’Agostino, R. B., Gibbons, R., Greenland, P., Lackland, D. T., Levy, D., O’Donnell, C. J., et al. (2014) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000437741.48606.98 · Cited by 3,697 · see citing works
Care of girls and women with Turner syndrome: a guideline of the Turner syndrome study group
Bondy, C. A. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1374 · Cited by 1,005 · see citing works
Sybert, V. P., & McCauley, E. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra030360 · Cited by 918 · see citing works
Min, J. K., Dunning, A. M., Lin, F. Y.-H., Achenbach, S. S., Al-Mallah, M. H., Budoff, M. J., Cademartiri, F., Callister, T. Q., Chang, H., Cheng, V., et al. (2011) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.02.074 · Cited by 764 · see citing works
Prevalence, incidence, diagnostic delay, and mortality in Turner syndrome
Stochholm, K., Juul, S., Juel, K., Naeraa, R. W., & Højbjerg Gravholt, C. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-0558 · Cited by 652 · see citing works
Aortic Dilatation and Dissection in Turner Syndrome
Matura, L. A., Ho, V. B., Rosing, D. R., & Bondy, C. A. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.685487 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Mortality in women with Turner syndrome in Great Britain: a national cohort study
Schoemaker, M. J., Swerdlow, A. J., Higgins, C. D., Wright, A. F., & Jacobs, P. A. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2008-1049 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Optimized Prognostic Score for Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography
Hadamitzky, M., Achenbach, S. S., Al-Mallah, M. H., Berman, D. S., Budoff, M. J., Cademartiri, F., Callister, T. Q., Chang, H., Cheng, V., Chinnaiyan, K. M., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.04.064 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Phenotype in Turner Syndrome—Integrating Cardiology, Genetics, and Endocrinology
Mortensen, K. H., Andersen, N. H., & Gravholt, C. H. (2012) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2011-1059 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Ostberg, J. E., Donald, A. E., Halcox, J., Storry, C., McCarthy, C., & Conway, G. S. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0677 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Ostberg, J. E., Storry, C., Donald, A. E., Hosseinzadeh‐Attar, M. J., Halcox, J., & Conway, G. S. (2007) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.02772.x · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Neary, N. M., Booker, O. J., Abel, B. S., Matta, J. R., Muldoon, N., Sinaii, N., Pettigrew, R. I., Nieman, L. K., & Gharib, A. M. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-3754 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationMonosomy for the X-Chromosome Is Associated with an Atherogenic Lipid Profile
Van, P. L., Bakalov, V. K., & Bondy, C. A. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-0503 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Chromosome Imbalance as a Driver of Sex Disparity in Disease
Abramowitz, L. K., Stichelen, S. O.-V., & Hanover, J. A. (2014) · Journal of Genomics · doi:10.7150/jgen.8123 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationCoronary artery anomalies in Turner syndrome
Viuff, M. H., Trolle, C., Wen, J., Jensen, J. M., Nørgaard, B. L., Gutmark, E. J., Gutmark-Little, I., Mortensen, K. H., Gravholt, C. H., & Andersen, N. H. (2016) · Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography · doi:10.1016/j.jcct.2016.08.004 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Gharib, A. M., Pettigrew, R. I., Elagha, A., et al. (2009) · American Journal of Roentgenology · doi:10.2214/ajr.09.2623 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationAortic Coarctation and Coronary Artery Disease
Bondy, C. A. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.112.116293 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Fetal Calcifications Are Associated with Chromosomal Abnormalities
Sahlin, E., Sirotkina, M., Marnerides, A., Iwarsson, E., & Papadogiannakis, N. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123343 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Aneurysmal Dilatation of Medium Caliber Arteries in Turner Syndrome
Polkampally, P. R., Matta, J. R., McAreavey, D., Bakalov, V. K., Bondy, C. A., & Gharib, A. M. (2011) · Congenital Heart Disease · doi:10.1111/j.1747-0803.2011.00485.x · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome.
Gravholt, C. H., Andersen, N. H., Christin-Maitre, S., Davis, S. M., Duijnhouwer, A., Gawlik, A., Maciel-Guerra, A. T., Gutmark-Little, I., Fleischer, K., Hong, D., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvae050 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Sex hormone replacement therapy in Turner syndrome—impact on morbidity and mortality
Viuff, M. H., Berglund, A., Juul, S., Andersen, N. H., Stochholm, K., & Gravholt, C. H. (2020) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgz039 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Lin, A. E., Prakash, S. K., Andersen, N. H., Viuff, M. H., Levitsky, L. L., Rivera‐Davila, M., Crenshaw, M. L., Hansen, L., Colvin, M. K., Hayes, F. J., et al. (2019) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.61310 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Glucose metabolism in Turner syndrome
Sun, L., Wang, Y., Zhou, T., Zhao, X., Wang, Y., Wang, G., & Gang, X. (2019) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00049 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Cardiometabolic health in Turner syndrome
Davis, S. M., & Geffner, M. E. (2019) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C Seminars in Medical Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.31678 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Cardiovascular imaging in Turner syndrome: state-of-the-art practice across the lifespan
Mortensen, K. H., Young, L., De Backer, J., Silberbach, M., Collins, R. T., Duijnhouwer, A. L., Pandya, B., Gravholt, C. H., Lopez, L., & Roos-Hesselink, J. W. (2018) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312658 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Coronary plaque burden in Turner syndrome a coronary computed tomography angiography study
Funck, K. L., Budde, R. P. J., Viuff, M. H., Wen, J., Jensen, J. M., Nørgaard, B. L., Bons, L. R., Duijnhouwer, A. L., Dey, D., Mortensen, K. H., et al. (2021) · Heart and Vessels · doi:10.1007/s00380-020-01660-7 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Schoepp, M., Hannah-Shmouni, F., Matta, J., Ghanem, A. M., Hanover, J. A., Abd-Elmoniem, K. Z., & Gharib, A. M.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- Genetics in Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-06
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 664-668
- ISSN
- 1098-3600 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5880748
- OpenAlex
- W2763788429
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 2.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Genetics in Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99 DK999999)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (ZIADK075083)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Keywords
- Turner syndrome, coronary artery calcification, coronary artery disease, coronary plaque burden, non-calcified plaque, ischemic heart disease, cardiovascular risk assessment, age-related calcification, coronary CT angiography
- MeSH terms
- Computed Tomography Angiography, Adult, Calcification, Physiologic, Calcinosis, Coronary Artery Disease, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Cardiomyopathies, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Turner Syndrome, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Plaque, Atherosclerotic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
