2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk
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Harmon S. Jordan, ScD, Lev Nevo, MD, Janusz Wnek, PhD Jeffrey L. Anderson, MD, FACC, FAHA, Chair , Jonathan L. Halperin, MD, FACC, FAHA, Chair-Elect , Nancy M. Albert, PhD, CCNS, CCRN, FAHA, Biykem Bozkurt, MD, PhD, FACC, FAHA, Ralph G. Brindis, MD, MPH, MACC, Lesley H. Curtis, PhD, FAHA, David
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The four traditional CVD risk factors (systolic blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, fasting glucose, and per cent body fat) are often included in routine composite CVD risk algorithms to predict future CVD in clinical practice.
“These four traditional CVD risk factors are often included in routine composite CVD risk algorithms to predict future CVD in clinical practice.10,11,14,22”
From Aerobic, resistance, or combined exercise training and cardiovascular risk profile in overweight or obese adults: the CardioRACE trial (2024) · cites this paper as [10]
Section 4 (page unavailable) says the Pooled Cohort Equations predict future ASCVD risk and include systolic blood pressure. But its listed variables are total and HDL cholesterol and diabetes status—not LDL cholesterol or fasting glucose—and do not include per cent body fat. Thus the guideline supports the use of a composite clinical risk algorithm, but not the claim that these four measures are included in it. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHuman genetic analyses of variants associated with low LDL-C, increased LDL receptors, and decreased coronary heart disease support the concept.
“This concept is further supported by human genetic analyses of variants that have been associated with low LDL-C, increased LDL receptors, and decreased coronary heart disease.58,62,63,65”
From Association Between Lowering LDL-C and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Among Different Therapeutic Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [65]
Section 6.2, Critical Question 2 (page not supplied), discusses cumulative exposure to cardiovascular risk factors, but not genetic variants associated with low LDL-C, increased LDL receptors, and reduced coronary heart disease. Searches for those terms in our copy found no passage addressing the claimed genetic analyses. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredEnjoyment and satisfaction are central determinants of exercise adherence.
“Given that enjoyment and satisfaction are central determinants of exercise adherence 291 , providing a range of exercise options, which can accommodate patient preference and goals, is the key to building sustainable and engaging exercise routines.”
From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness (2019) · cites this paper as [291]
MetS tends to be clinically under-recognized.
“but tends to be clinically under-recognized”
From The CardioMetabolic Health Alliance (2015) · cites this paper as [29]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Goff, D. C., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Bennett, G., Coady, S., D’Agostino, R. B., Gibbons, R., Greenland, P., Lackland, D. T., Levy, D., O’Donnell, C. J., Robinson, J. G., Schwartz, J. S., Shero, S. T., Smith, S. C., Sorlie, P., Stone, N. J., & Wilson, P. W. F.
- Affiliations
- General Department of Preventive Medicine (VN)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-07
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 2935-2959
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4700825
- OpenAlex
- W2168536722
- Cited by
- 4,945
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 122 · 2025: 207 · 2024: 294 · 2023: 375 · 2022: 443 · 2021: 504 · 2020: 440 · 2019: 469 · 2018: 474 · 2017: 484 · 2016: 439 · 2015: 391 · 2014: 285 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 383.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2014-07-01)
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99 HL999999)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Coronary Interventions and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Keywords
- cardiovascular risk assessment, cardiovascular risk, risk stratification, risk prediction
- MeSH terms
- American Heart Association, Blood Pressure, Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diet, Humans, Morbidity, Risk Factors, Societies, Medical, Sodium, Dietary, United States, Risk Assessment
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