Type I interferon signaling genes in recurrent major depression: increased expression detected by whole-blood RNA sequencing
Open accessAbstract
A study of genome-wide gene expression in major depressive disorder (MDD) was undertaken in a large population-based sample to determine whether altered expression levels of genes and pathways could provide insights into biological mechanisms that are relevant to this disorder. Gene expression studies have the potential to detect changes that may be because of differences in common or rare genomic sequence variation, environmental factors or their interaction. We recruited a European ancestry sample of 463 individuals with recurrent MDD and 459 controls, obtained self-report and semi-structured interview data about psychiatric and medical history and other environmental variables, sequenced RNA from whole blood and genotyped a genome-wide panel of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We used analytical methods to identify MDD-related genes and pathways using all of these sources of information. In analyses of association between MDD and expression levels of 13 857 single autosomal genes, accounting for multiple technical, physiological and environmental covariates, a significant excess of low P-values was observed, but there was no significant single-gene association after genome-wide correction. Pathway-based analyses of expression data detected significant association of MDD with increased expression of genes in the interferon α/β signaling pathway. This finding could not be explained by potentially confounding diseases and medications (including antidepressants) or by computationally estimated proportions of white blood cell types. Although cause-effect relationships cannot be determined from these data, the results support the hypothesis that altered immune signaling has a role in the pathogenesis, manifestation, and/or the persistence and progression of MDD.
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Peripheral blood gene expression profiles consistent with a pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage phenotype and an over-representation of IL-6, IL-8 and type I IFN-induced signalling pathways have been described in depression.
“Peripheral blood gene expression profiles consistent with a pro-inflammatory ‘M1’ macrophage phenotype and an over-representation of IL-6, IL-8 and type I IFN-induced signalling pathways have also been described18–20.”
From The role of inflammation in depression: from evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
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“32 There are two reports from a larger study that included microarray whole-transcriptome and GWAS data for 215 MDD cases and their relatives (San Antonio Family Heart Study): RNF123 was the most signi fi cant gene in a bivariate linkage analysis of MDD and gene expression values ( P >0.5 here); 50…”
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- Authors
- Mostafavi, S., Battle, A., Zhu, X., Potash, J. B., Weissman, M. M., Shi, J., Beckman, K., Haudenschild, C., McCormick, C., Mei, R., Gameroff, M. J., Gindes, H., Adams, P., Goes, F. S., Mondimore, F. M., MacKinnon, D. F., Notes, L., Schweizer, B., Furman, D., Montgomery, S. B., Urban, A. E., Koller, D., & Levinson, D. F.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Iowa (US)
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- National Cancer Institute (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Personalis (United States) (US)
- Illumina (United States) (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- American University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Levinson, D F
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Psychiatry
- Published
- 2013-12-03
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1267-1274
- ISSN
- 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5578
- PMC
- PMC5404932
- OpenAlex
- W1969198439
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 3.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
- Locations
- Molecular Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (RC2MH089916, R01MH090941)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, recurrent depression, type I interferon signaling, gene expression, immune signaling, depression pathogenesis, single nucleotide polymorphisms
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Interferon Type I, Interviews as Topic, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Genome-Wide Association Study, Young Adult, Self Report
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