Cited by 209Origins and Evolution of LifePaleontology and Stratigraphy of FossilsGeological and Geochemical Analysis

Early trace of life from 3.95 Ga sedimentary rocks in Labrador, Canada

Tashiro, Takayuki, Ishida, Akizumi, Hori, Masako, Igisu, Motoko, Koike, Mizuho, Méjean, Pauline, Takahata, Naoto, Sano, Yuji +1 more·2017·Nature

Abstract

The vestiges of life in Eoarchean rocks have the potential to elucidate the origin of life. However, gathering evidence from many terrains is not always possible, and biogenic graphite has thus far been found only in the 3.7-3.8 Ga (gigayears ago) Isua supracrustal belt. Here we present the total organic carbon contents and carbon isotope values of graphite (δ 13 C org) and carbonate (δ 13 C carb) in the oldest metasedimentary rocks from northern Labrador. Some pelitic rocks have low δ 13 C org values of -28.2, comparable to the lowest value in younger rocks. The consistency between crystallization temperatures of the graphite and metamorphic temperature of the host rocks establishes that the graphite does not originate from later contamination. A clear correlation between the δ 13 C org values and metamorphic grade indicates that variations in the δ 13 C org values are due to metamorphism, and that the pre-metamorphic value was lower than the minimum value. We concluded that the large fractionation between the δ 13 C carb and δ 13 C org values, up to 25‰, indicates the oldest evidence of organisms greater than 3.95 Ga. The discovery of the biogenic graphite enables geochemical study of the biogenic materials themselves, and will provide insight into early life not only on Earth but also on other planets.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nature24019

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  • Isotopically ultralight carbon is reported in 3.8 Ga sediment carbon, suggesting the presence of the acetyl-CoA pathway without discriminating an acetogen or methanogen source.

    “Isotopically ultralight carbon is also reported in 3.8 Ga sediment carbon [66, 67], which suggests the presence of the acetyl‐CoA pathway [68] without discriminating an acetogen or methanogen source.”
  • Isotope data trace the ultralight isotope signature of the acetyl-CoA pathway back to > 3.5 Ga, consistent with the structural and phylogenetic evidence for the age of corrins.

    “Isotope data trace the ultralight isotope signature of the acetyl‐CoA pathway [68] back to > 3.5 Ga [65, 66], consistent with the structural (Fig. 3) and phylogenetic (Fig. 5) evidence for the age of corrins.”
  • Ultralight isotopes indicate the presence of the acetyl-CoA pathway of CO2 fixation in primordial bacteria and archaea.

    “Ultralight isotopes indicate the presence of the acetyl-CoA pathway of CO2 fixation in primordial bacteria and archaea (Tashiro et al., 2017)”

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Authors
Tashiro, T., Ishida, A., Hori, M., Igisu, M., Koike, M., Méjean, P., Takahata, N., Sano, Y., & Komiya, T.
Affiliations
  • The University of Tokyo (JP)
  • Tohoku University (JP)
  • Osaka Kyoiku University (JP)
  • Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JP)
  • Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo (JP)
Venue
Nature
Published
2017-09
Volume
549
Issue
7673
Pages
516-518
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W2760546791
Cited by
207
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 4
FWCI
14.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • University of Tokyo
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (17H00777, 15H05830, 15J40157, 26106005, 16J07403)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Keywords
early life, sedimentary rock, carbon isotopes, isotope fractionation, origin of life
MeSH terms
Origin of Life, Carbon Isotopes, Crystallization, Graphite, Newfoundland and Labrador, Temperature, Earth, Planet, Geologic Sediments, Life, History, Ancient

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