The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 2 are not checked yet.
Continued increase of extreme El Niño frequency long after 1.5 °C warming stabilization
Open accessOverview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“consistent with findings by previous studies of a stronger rainfall response to ENSO SST variability even if ENSO SST variability itself does not change 2-4 .”
From Increased ENSO sea surface temperature variability under four IPCC emission scenarios (2022) · cites this paper as [4]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
An Overview of CMIP5 and the Experiment Design
Taylor, K. E., Stouffer, R. J., & Meehl, G. A. (2012) · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society · doi:10.1175/bams-d-11-00094.1 · Cited by 14,052
The next generation of scenarios for climate change research and assessment
Moss, R. H., Edmonds, J. A., Hibbard, K. A., Manning, M. R., Rose, S. K., van Vuuren, D. P., Carter, T. R., Emori, S., Kainuma, M., Kram, T., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08823 · Cited by 6,467
Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 °C
Meinshausen, M., Meinshausen, N., Hare, W., Raper, S. C. B., Frieler, K., Knutti, R., Frame, D. J., & Allen, M. R. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08017 · Cited by 2,775
ENSO as an Integrating Concept in Earth Science
McPhaden, M. J., Zebiak, S. E., & Glantz, M. H. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1132588 · Cited by 2,236
Self-citationIncreasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to greenhouse warming.
Cai, W., Borlace, S., Lengaigne, M., van Rensch, P., Collins, M., Vecchi, G., Timmermann, A., Santoso, A., McPhaden, M. J., Wu, L., et al. (2014) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2100 · Cited by 2,198
Self-citationAnthropogenic contribution to global occurrence of heavy-precipitation and high-temperature extremes
Fischer, E. M., & Knutti, R. (2015) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2617 · Cited by 1,427
Sea-level rise due to polar ice-sheet mass loss during past warm periods
Dutton, A. L., Carlson, A. E., Long, A. J., Milne, G. A., Clark, P. U., DeConto, R. M., Horton, B. P., Rahmstorf, S., & Raymo, M. E. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaa4019 · Cited by 904
Energy system transformations for limiting end-of-century warming to below 1.5 °C
Rogelj, J., Luderer, G., Pietzcker, R. C., Kriegler, E., Schaeffer, M., Krey, V., & Riahi, K. (2015) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2572 · Cited by 875
Increased frequency of extreme La Niña events under greenhouse warming
Cai, W., Wang, G., Santoso, A., McPhaden, M. J., Wu, L., Jin, F., Timmermann, A., Collins, M. D., Vecchi, G. A., Lengaigne, M., et al. (2015) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2492 · Cited by 733
Self-citationENSO regimes: Reinterpreting the canonical and Modoki El Niño
Takahashi, K. I., Montecinos, A., Goubanova, K., & Dewitte, B. (2011) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2011gl047364 · Cited by 692
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Schellnhuber, H. J., Cramer, W., Nakicenovic, N., Wigley, T. M. L. & Yohe, G. (eds) Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2006).
- Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability (eds Field, C. B. et al.) 1–32 (IPCC, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2014).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Changing El Niño–Southern Oscillation in a warming climate
Cai, W., Santoso, A., Collins, M., Dewitte, B., Karamperidou, C., Kug, J.-S., Lengaigne, M., McPhaden, M. J., Stuecker, M. F., Taschetto, A. S., et al. (2021) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-021-00199-z · Cited by 702
Self-citationThe Defining Characteristics of ENSO Extremes and the Strong 2015/2016 El Niño
Santoso, A., McPhaden, M. J., & Cai, W. (2017) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1002/2017rg000560 · Cited by 597
Self-citationENSO Atmospheric Teleconnections and Their Response to Greenhouse Gas Forcing
Yeh, S., Cai, W., Min, S., McPhaden, M. J., Dommenget, D., Dewitte, B., Collins, M. D., Ashok, K., An, S., Yim, B., et al. (2018) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1002/2017rg000568 · Cited by 577
Self-citationEl Niño–Southern Oscillation and its impact in the changing climate
Yang, S., Li, Z., Yu, J., Hu, X., Dong, W., & He, S. (2018) · National Science Review · doi:10.1093/nsr/nwy046 · Cited by 340
Climate change as a global amplifier of human–wildlife conflict
Abrahms, B. L., Carter, N., Clark, T. J., Gaynor, K. M., Johansson, E., McInturff, A., Nisi, A. C., Rafiq, K., & West, L. (2023) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-023-01608-5 · Cited by 299
Metadata
- Authors
- Wang, G., Cai, W., Gan, B., Wu, L., Santoso, A., Lin, X., Chen, Z., & McPhaden, M. J.
- Affiliations
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (AU)
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (CN)
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cai, Wenju
- Wu, Lixin
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Climate Change
- Published
- 2017-07-24
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 568-572
- ISSN
- 1758-678X (ISSN-L)
- 1758-6798
- OpenAlex
- W2737147913
- Cited by
- 227
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 18.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Climate Change (publishedVersion)
- NOAA Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Strong
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate Change and Environmental Impact
- Keywords
- extreme El Niño, 1.5 °C warming target, 2°C target, Paris Agreement, CMIP5 projections, climate change impacts
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
