Widespread disruption of host transcription termination in HSV-1 infection
Open accessAbstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is an important human pathogen and a paradigm for virus-induced host shut-off. Here we show that global changes in transcription and RNA processing and their impact on translation can be analysed in a single experimental setting by applying 4sU-tagging of newly transcribed RNA and ribosome profiling to lytic HSV-1 infection. Unexpectedly, we find that HSV-1 triggers the disruption of transcription termination of cellular, but not viral, genes. This results in extensive transcription for tens of thousands of nucleotides beyond poly(A) sites and into downstream genes, leading to novel intergenic splicing between exons of neighbouring cellular genes. As a consequence, hundreds of cellular genes seem to be transcriptionally induced but are not translated. In contrast to previous reports, we show that HSV-1 does not inhibit co-transcriptional splicing. Our approach thus substantially advances our understanding of HSV-1 biology and establishes HSV-1 as a model system for studying transcription termination.
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Transcriptional read-through is induced downstream of thousands of genes in response to different kinds of stresses.
“Moreover, transcriptional read‐through is induced downstream of thousands of genes in response to different kinds of stresses (Rutkowski et al, 2015; Vilborg et al, 2015; Vilborg et al, 2017; Cardiello et al, 2018; Hennig et al, 2018) and has been proposed to play an important role in the stress response by reinforcing the nuclear scaffold integrity after nuclear stress (Vilborg et al, 2015).”
From RNA polymerase II speed: a key player in controlling and adapting transcriptome composition (2021) · cites this paper as Rutkowski et al, 2015
The Results section (‘HSV-1 disrupts transcription termination’; page not provided) reports read-through downstream of thousands of cellular genes during HSV-1 infection: 64% of 9,690 genes had read-out exceeding 15% of the gene’s RPKM. This supports the infection example, but this paper does not establish the claim for different kinds of stresses. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIncreased transcriptional read-through is known to interfere with the expression of downstream genes in other contexts such as cancer or HSV-1 infection in human cells, as well as cold acclimation in plants.
“Increased transcriptional read‐through is known to interfere with the expression of downstream genes also in other contexts such as cancer or HSV‐1 infection in human cells (Grosso et al, 2015; Rutkowski et al, 2015; Hennig et al, 2018), as well as cold acclimation in plants (Kindgren et al, 2018).”
From RNA polymerase II speed: a key player in controlling and adapting transcriptome composition (2021) · cites this paper as Rutkowski et al, 2015
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- Authors
- Rutkowski, A. J., Erhard, F., L’Hernault, A., Bonfert, T., Schilhabel, M., Crump, C., Rosenstiel, P., Efstathiou, S., Zimmer, R., Friedel, C. C., & Dölken, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Friedel, Caroline C.
- Dölken, Lars
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2015-05-20
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7126-7126
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4441252
- OpenAlex
- W1519422934
- Cited by
- 275
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 19.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Open access LMU (Ludwid Maxmilian's Universitat Munchen) (submittedVersion)
- Online Publication Service of Würzburg University (Würzburg University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- NHS Blood and Transplant (WP11-05)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (FR2938/1-2)
- Medical Research Council (G1002523, MR/J002232/1)
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Keywords
- herpes simplex virus type 1, transcription termination, ribosome profiling, RNA processing, co-transcriptional splicing, poly(A) site, viral infection, host-virus interaction, translation (biology)
- MeSH terms
- Culture Media, Exons, Fibroblasts, Genes, Viral, Herpes Simplex, Humans, Introns, Poly A, Ribosomes, RNA, RNA, Messenger, Time Factors, Transcription, Genetic, Protein Biosynthesis, Virus Replication, Gene Expression Regulation, Viral, Open Reading Frames, Genome, Viral, Alternative Splicing, Herpesvirus 1, Human, Codon, Terminator
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