Carbonization of a stable β-sheet-rich silk protein into a pseudographitic pyroprotein
Open accessAbstract
Silk proteins are of great interest to the scientific community owing to their unique mechanical properties and interesting biological functionality. In addition, the silk proteins are not burned out following heating, rather they are transformed into a carbonaceous solid, pyroprotein; several studies have identified potential carbon precursors for state-of-the-art technologies. However, no mechanism for the carbonization of proteins has yet been reported. Here we examine the structural and chemical changes of silk proteins systematically at temperatures above the onset of thermal degradation. We find that the β-sheet structure is transformed into an sp2-hybridized carbon hexagonal structure by simple heating to 350 °C. The pseudographitic crystalline layers grew to form highly ordered graphitic structures following further heating to 2,800 °C. Our results provide a mechanism for the thermal transition of the protein and demonstrate a potential strategy for designing pyroproteins using a clean system with a catalyst-free aqueous wet process for in vivo applications.
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Silk fabrics can be transformed into highly conductive, intrinsically nitrogen-doped, flexible, and structure-maintained carbon textiles through thermal treatment.
“Recently, it has been reported that silk fabrics can be transformed into highly conductive, intrinsically nitrogen-doped, flexible, and structure-maintained carbon textiles through thermal treatment (30–35).”
From Integrated textile sensor patch for real-time and multiplex sweat analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Cho, S. Y., Yun, Y. S., Lee, S., Jang, D., Park, K.-Y., Kim, J. K., Kim, B. H., Kang, K., Kaplan, D. L., & Jin, H.-J.
- Affiliations
- Inha University (KR)
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KR)
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Incheon National University (KR)
- Tufts University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jin, Hyoung-Joon
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2015-05-20
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7145-7145
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4455128
- OpenAlex
- W2259787847
- Cited by
- 277
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 7.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology
- National Research Foundation of Korea (2010-C1AAA001-0029018, 2014R1A1A1002467, NRF-2013R1A1A2A10008534, NRF-2010-C1AAA001-0029018, NRF-2014R1A1A1002467)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Silk-based biomaterials and applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Graphene research and applications
- Keywords
- silk proteins, carbonization, beta-sheet, graphitic carbon, thermal degradation, carbon precursors, catalyst-free synthesis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Calorimetry, Differential Scanning, Carbon, Catalysis, Crystallization, Fibroins, Hot Temperature, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Bombyx, X-Ray Diffraction, Protein Structure, Secondary, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Silk
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