Recurrent inactivating RASA2 mutations in melanoma
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Analysis of 501 melanoma exomes identified RASA2, encoding a RasGAP, as a tumor-suppressor gene mutated in 5% of melanomas. Recurrent loss-of-function mutations in RASA2 were found to increase RAS activation, melanoma cell growth and migration. RASA2 expression was lost in ≥30% of human melanomas and was associated with reduced patient survival. These findings identify RASA2 inactivation as a melanoma driver and highlight the importance of RasGAPs in cancer.
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RASA2 is a GTPase-activating protein that boosts GTP hydrolysis by wild-type RAS.
“RASA2, a GTPase-activating protein that stimulates the GTPase activity of wild-type RAS (Arafeh et al., 2015), has not been studied in the context of primary T cells and the immune system, but our findings suggest it may be a modulator of T cell proliferation, activation, and anti-tumor immunity.”
From Genome-wide CRISPR Screens in Primary Human T Cells Reveal Key Regulators of Immune Function (2018) · cites this paper as Arafeh et al., 2015
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- Authors
- Arafeh, R., Qutob, N., Emmanuel, R., Keren-Paz, A., Madore, J., Elkahloun, A., Wilmott, J. S., Gartner, J. J., Di Pizio, A., Winograd-Katz, S., Sindiri, S., Rotkopf, R., Dutton-Regester, K., Johansson, P., Pritchard, A. L., Waddell, N., Hill, V. K., Lin, J. C., Hevroni, Y., Rosenberg, S. A., Khan, J., Ben-Dor, S., Niv, M. Y., Ulitsky, I., Mann, G. J., Scolyer, R. A., Hayward, N. K., & Samuels, Y.
- Affiliations
- Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (AU)
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Samuels, Yardena
- ORCID
- Arafeh, Rand
- Qutob, Nouar
- Madore, Jason
- Elkahloun, Abdel
- Wilmott, James S
- Gartner, Jared J
- Winograd-Katz, Sabina
- Sindiri, Sivasish
- Rotkopf, Ron
- Johansson, Peter
- Pritchard, Antonia L
- Waddell, Nicola
- Hill, Victoria K
- Lin, Jimmy C
- Rosenberg, Steven A
- Khan, Javed
- Ben-Dor, Shifra
- Niv, Masha Y
- Ulitsky, Igor
- Mann, Graham J
- Scolyer, Richard A
- Hayward, Nicholas K
- Samuels, Yardena
- Venue
- Nature Genetics
- Published
- 2015-10-26
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1408-1410
- ISSN
- 1061-4036 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1718
- PMC
- PMC4954601
- OpenAlex
- W2181106088
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 6.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Israel Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- National Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
- Keywords
- melanoma, Ras GTPase-activating protein, tumor suppressor, Ras activation, loss-of-function mutations, patient survival, exome sequencing
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Melanoma, Mutation, Prognosis, Skin Neoplasms, Biomarkers, Tumor, Survival Rate, ras GTPase-Activating Proteins, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Exome
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