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Infectious immunity in the central nervous system and brain function
Open accessAbstract
Inflammation is emerging as a critical mechanism underlying neurological disorders of various etiologies, yet its role in altering brain function as a consequence of neuroinfectious disease remains unclear. Although acute alterations in mental status due to inflammation are a hallmark of central nervous system (CNS) infections with neurotropic pathogens, post-infectious neurologic dysfunction has traditionally been attributed to irreversible damage caused by the pathogens themselves. More recently, studies indicate that pathogen eradication within the CNS may require immune responses that interfere with neural cell function and communication without affecting their survival. In this Review we explore inflammatory processes underlying neurological impairments caused by CNS infection and discuss their potential links to established mechanisms of psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases.
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“A handful of viruses, including poliovirus, adenovirus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and West Nile virus, can directly infect human brain endothelial cells by targeting junctional proteins such as JAM-Aortransporters such as GLUT1 as entry receptors to get access to the CNS (320).”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [320]
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“Nervous system damage caused by viral infection may be mediated by the immune system (Klein et al., 2017).”
From Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses (2020) · cites this paper as Klein et al., 2017
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Citations
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Metadata
- Authors
- Klein, R. S., Garber, C., & Howard, N.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Klein, Robyn S
- Venue
- Nature Immunology
- Published
- 2017-01-16
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 132-141
- ISSN
- 1529-2908 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2916
- PMC
- PMC5815515
- OpenAlex
- W2576931861
- Cited by
- 235
- References
- 178
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 12
- FWCI
- 2.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL007317)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI126909, U19AI083019, R21AI114549, R01AI101400)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P01NS059560, UH2NS100126, R01NS052632)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- neuroinflammation, central nervous system infection, brain function, mental status, mental illness, neurodegenerative diseases
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Central Nervous System, Humans, Immunity, Nervous System Diseases, Virus Diseases, Neuroimmunomodulation, Viral Load, Neurogenic Inflammation
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