A unique adolescent response to reward prediction errors

In the citing paper

“On the one hand, adolescents sometimes (41; 42; 43), although not always (44), show greater activation in ventral striatum while receiving rewards than do children or adults.”

In the citing paper

“a recent model-based fMRI study showed increased neural signals for positive prediction errors in the striatum in adolescents (compared to children and adults), again possibly contributing to increased risk-taking behaviors in this age group”

In the citing paper

“While Cohen et al. (2010) found differential activations between adolescents and adults in striatal areas, van den Bos et al. (2012) were not able to replicate that finding, but found differences in the connectivity between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the ventral striatum.”

In the citing paper

“Despite the importance of RPE processing in adolescence, only few studies have investigated RPE processing in adolescents (Christakou et al., 2011; Cohen et al., 2010; Javadi et al., 2014a; van den Bos et al., 2012).”

In the citing paper

“During the feedback stage, activation in response to positive prediction errors (unexpected gain) peaked in the striatum (MNI 14, 16, 4) and angular gyrus (MNI 60, −44, 28) in adolescents relative to adults or children.”

In the citing paper

“decision value (i.e., the value assigned to each potential choice (Kahneman and Tversky, 1979)) during the selection stage was associated with a linear decrease in inferior medial PFC activation with age (MNI 0, 50, −8).”

In the citing paper

“behaviorally, the estimated learning rate did not differ across age-groups.”

In the citing paper

“during positive feedback stage, stronger striatal activation (Cohen et al., 2010), and during negative feedback, weaker OFC activation (Van Leijenhorst et al., 2006), emerged in adolescents compared to adults.”

In the citing paper

“This was also the case when the test consisted of the learning of values (Cohen et al., 2010).”

In the citing paper

“This finding is similar to other studies that demonstrated an “inverted U” in brain function across development, and highlights the peak in reward sensitivity in adolescence (Cohen et al., 2010; Somerville et al., 2010; van Leijenhorst et al., 2009; van Leijenhorst et al., 2010).”

In the citing paper

“In contrast to the sometimes attenuated fMRI activation seen in the ventral striatum among adolescents when anticipating rewards, adolescents have been reported by a number of groups to show heightened activation of the ventral striatum during receipt of rewards relative to younger and/or older individuals (Ernst et al, 2005a; Galvan et al, 2006; Cohen et al, 2010; van Leijenhorst et al, 2010a,b)”

In the citing paper

“tasks involving rewards appear to be particularly arousing during adolescence, with adolescents reported to show particularly marked increases in attention and shorter reaction times under rewarding than less rewarding conditions – a difference that is more prominent than at other ages”

In the citing paper

“adolescents have been reported by a number of groups to show heightened activation of the ventral striatum during receipt of rewards relative to younger and/or older individuals (Ernst et al, 2005a; Galvan et al, 2006; Cohen et al, 2010; van Leijenhorst et al, 2010a,b)”

In the citing paper

“tasks involving rewards appear to be particularly arousing during adolescence, with adolescents reported to show particularly marked increases in attention and shorter reaction times under rewarding than less rewarding conditions – a difference that is more prominent than at other ages (Jazbec et al, 2006; Hardin et al, 2007; Cohen et al, 2010; Smith et al, 2011).”

In the citing paper

“Functional MRI studies provide limited supportive evidence that, relative to children, adolescents show increased responses in regions of the brain’s reward system when they anticipate or receive rewards or view rewarding stimuli (Cohen et al., 2010; Galvan, Hare, Parra, Penn, Voss, et al., 2006; Somerville, Hare, & Casey, 2010; van Leijenhorst, Zannoli, VanMeel, Westerberg, Rombouts, & Crone, 201”

In the citing paper

“Examinations of probabilistic learning from positive and negative feedback suggest age-related changes in the processing of predicted rewards (Cohen, Asarnow, Sabb, Bilder, Bookheimer, Knowlton, & Poldrack 2010).”

In the citing paper

“Variability in these studies may be related to aspects of study design, including the real-world motivational salience of rewards offered (Nelson et al., 2005; Vrtička et al., 2014) and the relative amounts of punishment and reward in the task (Cohen et al., 2010; Davidson et al., 2006; van den Bos et al., 2012; van der Schaaf et al., 2011; van Duijvenvoorde et al., 2008).”

In the citing paper

“Findings from discrete studies have suggested relative peaks in limbic and striatal activation in adolescents during reward processing and reward-based learning (c.f., Galvan et al., 2006; Cohen et al., 2010) but these findings are not definitive.”