Cited by 1,287Nanoplatforms for cancer theranosticsCarbon Nanotubes in CompositesOptical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques

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A route to brightly fluorescent carbon nanotubes for near-infrared imaging in mice

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Welsher, Kevin, Liu, Zhuang, Sherlock, Sarah P., Robinson, Joshua Tucker, Chen, Zhuo, Daranciang, Dan, Dai, Hongjie·2009·Nature Nanotechnology

DOI 10.1038/nnano.2009.294PMC PMC2834239

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Abstract

The near-infrared photoluminescence intrinsic to semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes is ideal for biological imaging owing to the low autofluorescence and deep tissue penetration in the near-infrared region beyond 1 microm. However, biocompatible single-walled carbon nanotubes with high quantum yield have been elusive. Here, we show that sonicating single-walled carbon nanotubes with sodium cholate, followed by surfactant exchange to form phospholipid-polyethylene glycol coated nanotubes, produces in vivo imaging agents that are both bright and biocompatible. The exchange procedure is better than directly sonicating the tubes with the phospholipid-polyethylene glycol, because it results in less damage to the nanotubes and improves the quantum yield. We show whole-animal in vivo imaging using an InGaAs camera in the 1-1.7 microm spectral range by detecting the intrinsic near-infrared photoluminescence of the 'exchange' single-walled carbon nanotubes at a low dose (17 mg l(-1) injected dose). The deep tissue penetration and low autofluorescence background allowed high-resolution intravital microscopy imaging of tumour vessels beneath thick skin.

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Authors: Welsher, K., Liu, Z., Sherlock, S. P., Robinson, J. T., Chen, Z., Daranciang, D., & Dai, H.
Affiliations: Stanford University (US)
Soochow University (CN)
Corresponding author: Dai, Hongjie
ORCID: Welsher, Kevin
Liu, Zhuang
Sherlock, Sarah P.
Robinson, Joshua Tucker
Chen, Zhuo
Dai, Hongjie
Venue: Nature Nanotechnology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2009-10-11
Volume: 4
Issue: 11
Pages: 773-780
ISSN: 1748-3387 (ISSN-L)
1748-3395
DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2009.294
PMC: PMC2834239
OpenAlex: W2079625753
Cited by: 1,287
References: 30
Citations by year: 2026: 51 · 2025: 81 · 2024: 98 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 100 · 2021: 106 · 2020: 105 · 2019: 101 · 2018: 89 · 2017: 64 · 2016: 57 · 2015: 65 · 2014: 69 · 2013: 88 · 2012: 55
FWCI: 26.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature Nanotechnology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01ca135109-05)
National Cancer Institute (R01-CA135109)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
Keywords: single-walled carbon nanotubes, near-infrared emission, fluorescent imaging agents, surfactant exchange, biocompatibility, quantum yield, deep tissue penetration, intravital microscopy, whole-animal imaging, InGaAs camera
MeSH terms: Animals, Blood Vessels, Fluorescence, Humans, Luminescent Measurements, Spectrum Analysis, Raman, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Nanotubes, Carbon, Cell Line, Tumor, Mice, Molecular Imaging

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A route to brightly fluorescent carbon nanotubes for near-infrared imaging in mice

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