The RSK family of kinases: emerging roles in cellular signalling

AKT/PKB signaling: navigating downstream

Manning, B. D., & Cantley, L. C. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.06.009 · Cited by 6,115

Targeting the Raf-MEK-ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade for the treatment of cancer

Roberts, P. J., & Der, C. J. (2007) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1210422 · Cited by 2,788

ERK and p38 MAPK-Activated Protein Kinases: a Family of Protein Kinases with Diverse Biological Functions

Roux, P. P., & Blenis, J. (2004) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.68.2.320-344.2004 · Cited by 2,540

The selectivity of protein kinase inhibitors: a further update

Bain, J., Plater, L., Elliott, M., Shpiro, N., Hastie, C. J., McLauchlan, H., Klevernic, I. V., Arthur, J. S. C., Alessi, D. R., & Cohen, P. (2007) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20070797 · Cited by 2,522

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β regulates cyclin D1 proteolysis and subcellular localization

Diehl, J. A., Cheng, M., Roussel, M. F., & Sherr, C. J. (1998) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.12.22.3499 · Cited by 2,130

Cell Survival Promoted by the Ras-MAPK Signaling Pathway by Transcription-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms

Bonni, A., Brunet, A., West, A. E., Datta, S. R., Takasu, M. A., & Greenberg, M. E. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.286.5443.1358 · Cited by 1,908

The renaissance of GSK3

Cohen, P., & Frame, S. (2001) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/35096075 · Cited by 1,493

Multiple Ras-dependent phosphorylation pathways regulate Myc protein stabilityPreprint

Sears, R. C., Nuckolls, F., Haura, E. B., Taya, Y., Tamai, K., & Nevins, J. R. (2000) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.836800 · Cited by 1,411

Gene silencing in mammals by small interfering RNAs

McManus, M. T., & Sharp, P. A. (2002) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg908 · Cited by 1,400

Target of rapamycin (TOR): an integrator of nutrient and growth factor signals and coordinator of cell growth and cell cycle progression

Fingar, D. C., & Blenis, J. (2004) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207542 · Cited by 1,264

Novel Approaches to Improving Opioid Analgesic Therapy

Duron, D. I. (2020) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)

Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Liu, T., & Cao, S. (2014)

Phosphorylation dependent mitochondrial translocation of Nr4a3 provokes cardiomyocyte deathPreprint

Zhang, H., Xie, H., Hu, J. P., Zhu, Z., Zhuang, L., Chen, Q., Shen, W., Sano, M., Fukuda, K., Gutiérrez‐Chico, J. L., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-384268/v1

Gonadotropin regulation of granulosa cells through follicular development and ovulation

Madogwe, E. (2020) · eScholarship@McGill (McGill) · doi:10.82308/15780

A novel role for aconitase during erythroid development

Talbot, A.-L. (2011) · doi:10.18130/v3f55z

Improving cancer therapy through unconventional strategies

Neto, J. M. F. (2021) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · doi:10.33540/1009

Y-Box-Binding Protein-1

Gunasekaran, V. P., Naidu, S., & Nishi, K. (2021) · Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Therapeutic Aspects · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-1247-3_158-1

RSK (p90 Ribosomal S6 Kinase)

Roux, P. P. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_382

Faculty Opinions recommendation of A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies multiple RSK-dependent regulators of cell migration.

Sharrocks, A. D. (2010) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.6995956.7197054

Signaling Pathways

Thiriet, M. (2012) · Biomathematical and biomechanical modeling of the circulatory and ventilatory systems · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4370-4_11

Multiomics-Based Signaling Pathway Network Alterations in Human Non-functional Pituitary Adenomas

Long, Y., Lu, M., Cheng, T., Zhan, X., & Zhan, X. (2020) · Vide Leaf, Hyderabad eBooks · doi:10.37247/paendo.1.2020.7

A Mechanistic Study of Doxorubician/Adriamycin's Effect on the Estrogen Response in a Breast Cancer Model

Pritchard, J. E. (2010) · doi:10.18130/v3zs0x

Peer Review #1 of "Transcriptomic profiling of mTOR and ryanodine receptor signaling molecules in developing zebrafish in the absence and presence of PCB 95 (v0.1)"

(2017) · PeerJ · doi:10.7287/peerj.4106v0.1/reviews/1

Peer Review #2 of "Transcriptomic profiling of mTOR and ryanodine receptor signaling molecules in developing zebrafish in the absence and presence of PCB 95 (v0.1)"

(2017) · PeerJ · doi:10.7287/peerj.4106v0.1/reviews/2

Peer Review #1 of "Transcriptomic profiling of mTOR and ryanodine receptor signaling molecules in developing zebrafish in the absence and presence of PCB 95 (v0.2)"

(2017) · PeerJ · doi:10.7287/peerj.4106v0.2/reviews/1

Integrated gene co-expression network analysis reveals unique developmental processes of Aurelia aurita

Xia, W., Jiang, H., Guo, H., Liu, Y., & Gou, X. (2022) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2022.146733

Modulación de la contractilidad cardíaca por p38-MAPK: rol del intercambiador Na+/H+ (NHE-1) y del estrés oxidativo

Zavala, M. (2022) · El Servicio de Difusión de la Creación Intelectual (National University of La Plata) · doi:10.35537/10915/139765

BI-D1870 Causes the Rats’ Learning and Memory Acquisition Ability Impairment

Zhang, C., He, K., Li, C., & Shang, Y. (2023) · Journal of Biosciences and Medicines · doi:10.4236/jbm.2023.111009

Data from Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1–Transformed Mammary Epithelial Cells Are Dependent on RSK Activity for Growth and Survival

Xian, W., Pappas, L., Pandya, D., Selfors, L. M., Derksen, P. W. B., de Bruin, M., Gray, N. S., Jonkers, J., Rosen, J. M., & Brugge, J. S. (2023) · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.c.6499772.v1

Flavonoids in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer

Alam, W., Khan, H. Z., Ascher, M., & Ahmad, I. I. (2023) · BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks · doi:10.2174/9789815049633123010007

Investigation of the role of strontium on bone physiology: from a molecular biology perspective to applicability

da Silva, L. H. G. (2023) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.59.2023.tde-16012024-085612 · Cited by 1

Discovery of 2,4-dianilinopyrimidine derivatives as novel p90 ribosomal S6 protein kinase (RSK) inhibitors

Han, C., Guo, C., Zheng, X., Zhao, L., Sun, M., Li, J., Wang, S., Zhang, Z., Wang, Z., & Wu, L. (2025) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117590

p90RSK modulates inter-and intracellular signaling in kidney diseases

Lin, L., & Hu, K. (2025) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2025.1593914

Dimethyl fumarate inhibits keratinocyte hyperproliferation and ameliorates psoriasis via directly targeting ribosomal protein S6 kinase A1

Zhang, S., Liu, D., Wen, F., Lyu, H., Zhang, J., Wang, N., Liu, Y., Zhang, X., Ma, A., & Wang, J. (2026) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpha.2026.101692

Editorial: Functions and regulation of p90RSK and its family: mechanisms, roles in diseases, and implications in therapeutics

Lin, L., Le, N., & Hu, K. (2025) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2025.1648101

Rsk2 inhibition induces an aneuploid post-mitotic arrest of cell cycle progression in osteosarcoma cells

Carreau, A., Baldauf, C., Warlich, L., Weingartner, M., Brylka, L., Amling, M., Schinke, T., & Luther, J. (2025) · Cell Death Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41420-025-02596-5

Role of MAPK signaling pathway in recurrent pregnancy loss

Yousuf, A., Bilquees, Mir, S. A., Ali, T. F., Jan, I., & Bader, G. N. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13617-7.00001-3

Bi-allelic variants in the ribosomal protein RPS6KC1 cause a complex neurodevelopmental disorder

Planas‐Serra, L., Rodriguez-Ruiz, M. E., Anderson, E. N., Rodríguez‐Palmero, A., Vélez-Santamaría, V., Schlüter, A., Verdura, E., Gereñu, G., Jiménez-Zúñiga, A., Iñáñez, A., et al. (2025) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2025.09.015

Protective Effects of Exogenous Donkey Oil on Skin Healing Under Incisional Wound Damage

Yu, J. Z., Hu, L.-L., Cheng, J., Liu, G., Li, M., Zhao, W., Huang, J., Tie, H., Wu, T., Zhang, H., et al. (2025) · Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · doi:10.1111/jocd.70550

ETV1 orchestrates a self-reinforcing ERK1/2-RSK3 signaling loop to drive atrial fibrillation pathogenesis: implications for targeted therapy

Wu, M., Peng, Y., Zheng, H., Chen, J., & Zhang, J. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-27341-x

The metabolic and functional consequences of hyperammonaemia

Wilkinson, D. J. (2012) · University of Brighton Repository (University of Brighton)

The Utilization of Mouse Models to Study Gene Functions: The Role of Foxn3 and Chd2 in Murine Development and Cancer

Samaan, G. (2011)

Additional file 4 of CD147 mediates epidermal malignant transformation through the RSK2/AP-1 pathway

Zhang, X., Guo, Y., Xiao, T., Li, J., Guo, A., Lei, L., Jin, C., Long, Q., Su, J., Yin, M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20486669

Additional file 2 of CD147 mediates epidermal malignant transformation through the RSK2/AP-1 pathway

Zhang, X., Guo, Y., Xiao, T., Li, J., Guo, A., Lei, L., Jin, C., Long, Q., Su, J., Yin, M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20486663

Additional file 6 of CD147 mediates epidermal malignant transformation through the RSK2/AP-1 pathway

Zhang, X., Guo, Y., Xiao, T., Li, J., Guo, A., Lei, L., Jin, C., Long, Q., Su, J., Yin, M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20486675

Additional file 3 of CD147 mediates epidermal malignant transformation through the RSK2/AP-1 pathway

Zhang, X., Guo, Y., Xiao, T., Li, J., Guo, A., Lei, L., Jin, C., Long, Q., Su, J., Yin, M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20486666

Additional file 1 of EGFR mutations induce the suppression of CD8+ T cell and anti-PD-1 resistance via ERK1/2-p90RSK-TGF-β axis in non-small cell lung cancer

Huang, H., Zhu, X., Yu, Y., Li, Z., Yang, Y., Xia, L., & Lu, S. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26301137

Additional file 2 of Gasdermin E regulates the stability and activation of EGFR in human non-small cell lung cancer cells

Xu, L., Shi, F., Wu, Y., Yao, S., Wang, Y., Jiang, X., Su, L., & Liu, X. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22678229

Additional file 1 of CD147 mediates epidermal malignant transformation through the RSK2/AP-1 pathway

Zhang, X., Guo, Y., Xiao, T., Li, J., Guo, A., Lei, L., Jin, C., Long, Q., Su, J., Yin, M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20486660

Additional file 5 of CD147 mediates epidermal malignant transformation through the RSK2/AP-1 pathway

Zhang, X., Guo, Y., Xiao, T., Li, J., Guo, A., Lei, L., Jin, C., Long, Q., Su, J., Yin, M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20486672

Kinase MSK1 et bronchiolite oblitérante

Nemska, S. (2012) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/291ee302z712fz4826za648z913b8044814d

Nouvelles voies de modulation des canaux calciques de type T

Cazade, M. (2012) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/d9bde141z173ez437az8ccezde0852ae22c4

Etude de la dynamique de O-GlcNAcylation et identification de protéines différentiellement O-GlcNAcylées au cours de la transition G1/S du cycle cellulaire de cellules épithéliales humaines

Drougat, L. (2012) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/7c2f90d5z904dz41f7z8587z9984d7cc0240

Identification et caractérisation des premiers substrats de la protéine kinase Greatwall et étude de leur implication au cours du cycle cellulaire

Gharbi-Ayachi, A. (2013) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/bffa905ez75e5z47a1zae33z615ed770a93a

RSK2 et Greatwall, deux AGC kinases actrices de la mitose

Brioudes, E. (2010) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/4302c889ze763z4585zbe22zf4152ff1631c

Plantaricin BM-1 enhances anti-colorectal cancer effects by inhibiting CD8+ cytotoxic T cell apoptosis via the ERK/AP1/Bim signaling pathway

Zheng, X., Wang, Q., Song, X., Zhu, J., Dai, C.-Y., Jin, J., Cheng, C., Zhang, H., & Xie, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1792962

Electrostatic Interaction Force–Based Features Using PointNet Framework in Predicting RSK2 Inhibitor Bioactivity

Zhao, T. J., Gu, R.-L., Du, S., & Xu, L. (2026) · Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1155/joch/4899563

Rôle de Dicer dans la pigmentation et sa régulation par les UVB dans le lignage mélanocytaire

Bertrand, J. U. (2017) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/4d5b21aezf7a8z4d57zb147z7e36c3e68c26

Etude de la neurogenèse hippocampique adulte et des fonctions cognitives chez trois souris modèles de déficience intellectuelle

Castillon, C. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/3cf539d4z8f28z44d5zb94dzf27b0404597b

Rôle de la kinase ARAF dans le mélanome cutané muté NRAS

Estrada, C. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/e84b4f6az1676z4c2dz80e4zd8668460d3c5

Etude des mécanismes de résistance aux inhibiteurs de FLT3 dans les leucémies aigues myéloïdes

Mazed, F. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/2e44532azcab1z4880z94c0zaff7d426a3bf

Mécanismes moléculaires du contrôle de l'arborisation axonale par une régulation post-traductionnelle de la kinase LKB1

Garcia, A. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/71eccc9az7423z4ae7z9b7czc7fa14a04586

Proteome-wide association study of cortical proteins that may provide resilience for late-life disability

Lange‐Maia, B. S., Vialle, R. A., Wang, T., Zammit, A. R., Farfel, J., Seyfried, N. T., Bennett, D. A. A., & Buchman, A. S. (2026) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glag101

Synthesis, in vitro and in silico correlation of novel 7-pteridinone-based thiazole derivatives: a path to potent RSK4 inhibitors for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Alkhateeb, M. A., Hussain, R., Sarfraz, H., Khan, A. U., Maqsood, S., Anajirih, N., & Sameeh, M. Y. (2026) · Journal of Molecular Structure · doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2026.146518

IGF-1 promotes CSPC proliferation and chondrogenesis by targeting Rps6ka2 to attenuate knee osteoarthritis through articular cartilage regeneration in micePreprint

Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhou, Y., & Zhou, G. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9550773/v1

ERK Pathway in Osteoarthritis: A Review of Pharmacological and Natural Interventions

Liu, D., Wang, B., & Gao, W. (2026) · Journal of Biosciences and Medicines · doi:10.4236/jbm.2026.145037

Discovery of a New Scaffold RSK2 Inhibitor With Virtual and Phenotypical Screening

Feng, N., Ning, Q., Liu, K., Li, H., Jiang, S., Zhang, Q., Jiang, D., Deng, Y., & Cao, D. (2026) · ChemMedChem · doi:10.1002/cmdc.70293

The PDPK1–RSK2 axis as a potential convergent therapeutic vulnerability in B-cell lymphomas

Kuroda, J., Tsukamoto, T., & Shimura, Y. (2026) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets · doi:10.1080/14728222.2026.2709802

AKAP6β—a conductor in the orchestra of pathological cardiomyocyte gene transcription

Aydin, S., Kapiloff, M. S., & Dodge‐Kafka, K. L. (2026) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.molpha.2026.100145

Nuclear RSK1 mediates interferon-γ–induced proinflammatory activation in human primary macrophages and humanized mice

Nihira, K., Yanagihara, Y., Nakamura, Y., Chelvanambi, S., Halu, A., Lee, L. H., Mojcher, A., Higashi, H., Yamada, I., Qiao, J., et al. (2026) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.ady4193

Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and drug-induced liver injury: A molecular connection

Ezhilarasan, D., & Sharmila, M. (2026) · Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international · doi:10.1016/j.hbpd.2026.08.009

BindingDB Entry 50022230: Anticancer potential of active alkaloids and synthetic analogs derived from marine invertebrates.

BindingDB (2025) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2ks6x7d

BindingDB Entry 50013622: N-Substituted pyrrolopyrimidines and purines as p90 ribosomal S6 protein kinase-2 (RSK2) inhibitors.

BindingDB (2022) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2h70kkb

BindingDB Entry 8340: Synthesis, activity evaluation, and docking analysis of barbituric acid aryl hydrazone derivatives as RSK2 inhibitors.

BindingDB (2017) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2dv1ht9

BindingDB Entry 50045060: Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship Study of 5a-Carbasugar Analogues of SL0101.

BindingDB (2016) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2rr20v0

BindingDB Entry 50042829: Substituted indolin-2-ones as p90 ribosomal S6 protein kinase 2 (RSK2) inhibitors: Molecular docking simulation and structure-activity relationship analysis.

BindingDB (2013) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2gq704n

BindingDB Entry 50015760: The overview of Mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK)-based dual inhibitor in the treatment of cancers.

BindingDB (2023) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2dr30fw

BindingDB Entry 50010928: Substituted pteridinones as p90 ribosomal S6 protein kinase (RSK) inhibitors: A structure-activity study.

BindingDB (2021) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2xw4pcp

BindingDB Entry 50014619: Discovery, Optimization, and Structure-Activity Relationship Study of Novel and Potent RSK4 Inhibitors as Promising Agents for the Treatment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

BindingDB (2022) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2wd44dc

BindingDB Entry 50019849: Optically activated MEK1/2 inhibitors (Opti-MEKi) as potential antimelanoma agents.

BindingDB (2024) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2j96btv

BindingDB Entry 50042452: TBA

BindingDB (2013) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2668fhp

BindingDB Entry 50023809: Discovery of 2,4-dianilinopyrimidine derivatives as novel p90 ribosomal S6 protein kinase (RSK) inhibitors.

BindingDB (2026) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q28p65h2

BindingDB Entry 50044595: 2-Amino-7-substituted benzoxazole analogs as potent RSK2 inhibitors.

BindingDB (2015) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2v126db

BindingDB Entry 50034402: Indole RSK inhibitors. Part 1: discovery and initial SAR.

BindingDB (2012) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2xw4k7n

Temporal phosphoproteomic programmes set a redox-gated rheostat on neutrophil phagocytosisPreprint

Röder, M., Iqbal, M., Cordero, N. A. Y. K., Brown, H., Wong, I. T., Lewirt, S., Heydarian, M., Smith, A. D., Monsanto, I. M., Li, M., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.10.26.761950

The control of ribosomal RNA synthesis in mammalian cells

Zhang, Z. (2013) · ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)

Regulation of the Apoptosome in Cancer

Kim, J. (2012)

Role of ribosomal S6 kinase family in message patheway

Song, X. (2009) · Zhonghua zhongliu fangzhi zazhi

Role and regulation of 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) in signal transduction

Frödin, M., & Gammeltoft, S. (1999) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0303-7207(99)00061-1 · Cited by 719

Regulation and function of the RSK family of protein kinases

Roméo, Y., Zhang, X., & Roux, P. P. (2011) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20110289 · Cited by 392

The RSK factors of activating the Ras/MAPK signaling cascade

Carriere, A. (2008) · Frontiers in bioscience · doi:10.2741/3003 · Cited by 218

Editorial: Functions and regulation of p90RSK and its family: mechanisms, roles in diseases, and implications in therapeutics

Lin, L., Le, N., & Hu, K. (2025) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2025.1648101