Cited by 2,718Antimicrobial Resistance in StaphylococcusAntibiotic Use and ResistanceAntibiotic Resistance in Bacteria

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Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era

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Chambers, Henry F., DeLeo, Frank R.·2009·Nature Reviews Microbiology

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Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is notorious for its ability to become resistant to antibiotics. Infections that are caused by antibiotic-resistant strains often occur in epidemic waves that are initiated by one or a few successful clones. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) features prominently in these epidemics. Historically associated with hospitals and other health care settings, MRSA has now emerged as a widespread cause of community infections. Community or community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) can spread rapidly among healthy individuals. Outbreaks of CA-MRSA infections have been reported worldwide, and CA-MRSA strains are now epidemic in the United States. Here, we review the molecular epidemiology of the epidemic waves of penicillin- and methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus that have occurred since 1940, with a focus on the clinical and molecular epidemiology of CA-MRSA.

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Authors: Chambers, H. F., & DeLeo, F. R.
Affiliations: San Francisco General Hospital (US)
National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: Chambers, Henry F.
ORCID: Chambers, Henry F.
DeLeo, Frank R.
Venue: Nature Reviews Microbiology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2009-09
Volume: 7
Issue: 9
Pages: 629-641
ISSN: 1740-1526 (ISSN-L)
1740-1534
DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2200
PMC: PMC2871281
OpenAlex: W2151150074
Cited by: 2,718
References: 198
Citations by year: 2026: 132 · 2025: 170 · 2024: 172 · 2023: 192 · 2022: 220 · 2021: 200 · 2020: 194 · 2019: 175 · 2018: 185 · 2017: 159 · 2016: 176 · 2015: 130 · 2014: 138 · 2013: 162 · 2012: 132
FWCI: 12.07
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature Reviews Microbiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI070289, T32AI007641)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
Health Sciences › Medicine › Microbiology (medical) › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, antibiotic resistance, community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, penicillin resistance, methicillin resistance, epidemic waves, molecular epidemiology, MRSA outbreak, clonal spread, nosocomial infections
MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cross Infection, Disease Outbreaks, Humans, Penicillin Resistance, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin Resistance, Community-Acquired Infections, Molecular Epidemiology

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Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era

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