Obesity and the brain: how convincing is the addiction model?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845

The neural basis of drug craving: An incentive-sensitization theory of addiction

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The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments

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Brain dopamine and obesity

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The Neuroscience of Natural Rewards: Relevance to Addictive Drugs

Kelley, A. E., & Berridge, K. C. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-09-03306.2002 · Cited by 1,505

Impulsivity as a vulnerability marker for substance-use disorders: Review of findings from high-risk research, problem gamblers and genetic association studies

Verdejo‐García, A., Lawrence, A. J., & Clark, L. (2008) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.11.003 · Cited by 1,502

Dopamine D2 receptors in addiction-like reward dysfunction and compulsive eating in obese rats

Johnson, P. M., & Kenny, P. J. (2010) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2519 · Cited by 1,495

Reward, dopamine and the control of food intake: implications for obesity

Volkow, N. D., Wang, G.-J., & Baler, R. D. (2011) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2010.11.001 · Cited by 1,400

Preliminary validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale

Gearhardt, A. N., Corbin, W. R., & Brownell, K. D. (2009) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2008.12.003 · Cited by 1,369

Evidence for sugar addiction: Behavioral and neurochemical effects of intermittent, excessive sugar intake

Avena, N. M., Rada, P., & Hoebel, B. G. (2008) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.019 · Cited by 1,358

With food in mind

Pimpini, L. (2023) · doi:10.26481/dis.20231110lp · Cited by 1

Book review: “ N euroimaging in Addiction”

Potenza, M. N. (2013) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2013.12077.x

Zijn obese mensen eetverslaafd?

Nijs, I. M. T., & Franken, I. H. A. (2012) · Verslaving · doi:10.1007/s12501-012-0043-y

Neurobiological responses to images of food and psycho-behavioral correlates in obese binge eaters: a functional MRI study

Aviram-Friedman, R. (2015) · doi:10.7916/d8ws8s2g

Investigating the epidemiological and genetic overlap between obesity and alcohol consumption and addiction

Schierup, M. H., Grarup, N., & Johansen, M. (2015)

Dopaminergic Genetic Contributions to Obesity in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Stanfill, A. (2014) · doi:10.21007/etd.cghs.2014.0297

Neural Plasticity in the Ventral Tegmental Area and Alcohol Addiction*Portions of this chapter were prepared by U.S. government employee in connection with their official duties, and therefore copyright protection is not available in the United States for such portions of the chapter pursuant to 17 U.S.C. Section 105.*

Whitaker, L. R., Hendrickson, L. M., & Morikawa, H. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-405941-2.00012-2

Food Addiction and Self-Efficacy for Physical Activity in obesity treatment

Lundmark, A., & Rehn, H. J. (2016) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)

C URRENT OPINION Sugar addiction: pushing the drug-sugar analogy to the limit

Ahmed, S. H., Guillem, K., & Vandaele, Y. (2013)

Apoe phenotype expression and its modulation by chlorpyrifos: new insights into gene - toxic interactions

Sampedro, F. P. (2016) · TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)

ÓRGANO OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE NUTRICIÓN PARENTERAL Y ENTERAL ÓRGANO OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE NUTRICIÓN ÓRGANO OFICIAL DE LA FEDERACIÓN LATINO AMERICANA DE NUTRICIÓN PARENTERAL Y ENTERAL ÓRGANO OFICIAL DE LA FEDERACIÓN ESPAÑOLA DE SOCIEDADES DE NUTRICIÓN, ALIMENTACIÓN Y DIETÉTICA Nutrición Hospitalaria

Candela, C. G., & Milla, S. P. (2013)

Psychosocial presentation of revisional and primary bariatric surgery patients

van Vuuren, M. J. (2016) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.99501

Efeitos de um modelo de oferta e retirada de dieta de cafeteria sobre o comportamento alimentar e ansiedade em ratas

Baccetto, R. (2017) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.59.2017.tde-24042017-112146

Macht Zucker glücklich? Macht Zucker süchtig?

Albayrak, Ö. (2018) · Aktuelle Ernährungsmedizin · doi:10.1055/a-0659-4711

Suchtartiges Essverhalten in der deutschen Allgemeinbevölkerung, bei Personen mit morbider Adipositas und leistungsorientierten Ausdauersportlern – Untersuchungen mit der Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0

Hauck, C. (2018) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-7096

Promuovere scelte alimentari corrette attraverso le etichette nutrizionali

Zerbini, C., Luceri, B., & Latusi, S. (2018) · Sinergie Italian Journal of Management · doi:10.7433/s106.2018.08

Psychometric and behavioural examination of the validity of“food addiction” in the general population

Long, C. G. (2018) · White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)

Food addiction: un concetto di scarsa validità e utilità clinica

Grave, R. D. (2019) · IJEDO · doi:10.32044/ijedo.2019.05

Adipositas in der Psychosomatischen Medizin

Kohler, H., Bäuerle, A., Skoda, E., Robitzsch, A., Beckord, J., Dörrie, N., & Teufel, M. (2021) · Ärztliche Psychotherapie · doi:10.21706/aep-16-1-5

Foreword

Compton, W. M., & Blanco, C. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.001

Novel Psychoactive Substances: A New Challenge for Prevention and Treatment

Kapitány‐Fövény, M., Corazza, O., Marrinan, S., & Demetrovics, Z. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.032

Human Laboratory Paradigms in Addictions Research

Morris, V. L., Arshad, F., Balodis, I. M., Reed, D. D., MacKillop, J. M., & Amlung, M. T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.010

Anhedonia in Addictive Behaviors

Dyer, W. G., Leventhal, A. M., Goldenson, N. I., & Bello, M. S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.039

American Legal Issues in Addiction Treatment and Research

Willick, D. H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.041

The Physical and Social Environments as Determinants of Health: Implications for Substance and Behavioral Addictions

Strack, R. W., Orsini, M. M., Ewald, D. R., & Scheier, L. M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.019

Brain activations show association with subsequent endocrine responses to oral glucose challenge in a satiation-level dependent manner

Nolde, J. M., Connor, S. G., Al-Zubaidi, A., Obst, M. A., Laupenmühlen, J., Heldmann, M., Jauch‐Chara, K., & Münte, T. F. (2021) · Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100055

Peut-on être accro à la malbouffe ?

Kenny, P. J. (2018) · Cerveau & Psycho · doi:10.3917/cerpsy.099.0042

Clinical and Research Methods in the Addictions

Sussman, S. Y. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.008

Levels of Analysis and Etiology

(2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.014

Ongoing and Future Research Directions

(2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.030

Preface

Sussman, S. Y. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.002

Impaired Physicians

Srivastava, A. B., & Gold, M. S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.033

The global political economy of the addictive industries

Miller, D., Harkins, C., Schlögl, M., & Montague, B. (2017) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198753261.003.0001

Neurobiology of Eating Disorders

Hildebrandt, T., & Heywood, A. A. (2017) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780190681425.003.0066

Obesity and Bariatric Surgery

Huang, C., Liu, C.-C., Chan, M.-P., Abdalah, H., & Beg, M. A. (2019) · Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.66075-0

Index

Sussman, S. Y. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.042

The Prevalence of Food Addiction Among a Sample of Saudi Adults and Its Association with Overweight and Obesity

Aljadani, H., & Alobodi, L. (2018) · Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research · doi:10.51758/agjsr-1/2/3/4-2018-0002

Social Cognition and Food Decisions in Obesity

Tonelli, H. A., & Rotenberg, L. D. S. (2022) · Integrated science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-96814-4_10 · Cited by 1

Orthorexic Eating and Addictions: Links with Substance Use, Behavioral Addictions, and Research Gaps

Strahler, J., Moser, L., & Wachten, H. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67929-3_79-1 · Cited by 1

Food pharmacies and food addiction: shifting food-drug interpretations in allopathic medicine, psychology, and psychiatry

Tuminello, J. A. (2023) · Food Culture & Society · doi:10.1080/15528014.2023.2186637

Model uzależnienia w rozumieniu filozofii grup samopomocowych a terapia poznawczo-behawioralna w leczeniu napadowego objadania się

Opora, R. (2023) · Studia Paedagogica Ignatiana · doi:10.12775/spi.2023.2.004

Comparison of Attachment Styles of Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder and Individuals with Obesity

Asan, Ö., Acıdere, A. B., Şahiner, Ş. Y., Şahiner, İ. V., & Göka, E. (2023) · Turkish Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5080/u27003

Disordered Eating and the Brain

Westwater, M. L., Ziauddeen, H., & Fletcher, P. C. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190671051.003.0060

Neurobiology of Eating Disorders

Hildebrandt, T., & Susanin, A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780197640654.003.0066

The Food-Drug Relationship in Health and Medicine

Tuminello, J. A. (2019) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc1505266

The serotonin gene 5-HTTLPR and brain food-reward responses during sadness: a mood-induction neuroimaging study

Markus, C. R., & Keulers, E. H. H. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.05.010 · Cited by 1

New, but too much — A comment on “new form of addiction: An emerging hazardous addiction problem of milk tea among youths”

Li, R. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.120056

Foreword

Potenza, M. N. (2015) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199330454.002.0005

The effect of hunger and state preferences on the neural processing of food images

Moerel, D., Chenh, C., Bowman, S. A., & Carlson, T. A. (2026) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2026.03.015

Definition of Substance and Non-substance Addiction

Zou, Z., Wang, X., Wang, H., Wang, X., Ding, J., Uquillas, F. D., & Chen, H. (2025) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-2411-2_1

The battle over “food addiction”. Translation into Russian

Lustig, R. H. (2025) · Психофармакология и биологическая наркология · doi:10.17816/phbn691855

The Intersection of Obesity and Behavioral Addictions: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Neurobiological Mechanisms and Clinical Implications

Araç, E. (2025) · DAHUDER Medical Journal · doi:10.56016/dahudermj.1793707

Validation of the Turkish version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) and item-level insights for short-form development

Ateş, B. K., & Şendağ, M. A. (2026) · Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi · doi:10.57127/kpd.26024438.2002272

Le plaisir et la santé dans la consommation alimentaire : activité cérébrale, motivation et simulation sensorielle

Petit, O. (2014) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f90ab33fz5b44z4152zb679z11bffb48af80

Behavioral and molecular adaptations following sucrose bingeing : insight into neuroinflammatory markers

Awad, G. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/9224805cz0c14z4606za1aczb2b4e532135b

Alteration in the expression of genes involved in DNA methylation and circadian rhythms by cocaine and natural reinforcers : potential role of epigenetics in two partially overlapping neuronal networks

Saad, L. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/dabd8862z2623z4c01za6b5z4dc6777dee16

Sugar addiction: Science, controversy, and the search for answers

Sharma, M., Singh, R., Adhvaryu, A., Dutta, B. K., & Singal, A. (2026) · Industrial Psychiatry Journal · doi:10.4103/ipj.ipj_351_25

Grand manuel des addictions

Camps, F.-D. (2025) · Dunod eBooks · doi:10.3917/dunod.roque.2025.01.0247

A cortical-hypothalamic neural circuit for compulsive eating in mice

Leow, Y. N., Senol, E., Qian, X., Wang, X., Nair, A., Khoo, O., Liu, X., Li, Y.-F., Wang, M., Sharma, S., et al. (2026) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2026.07.005

Exploring obesity in behavioral addictions: a neglected field and new empirical insights

Mestre‐Bach, G., Camacho‐Barcia, L., Gaspar‐Pérez, A., Man, N. R., Amezcua, A. G., Torres, F., Potenza, M. N., Jiménez‐Múrcia, S., & Fernández‐Aranda, F. (2026) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-026-10100-2

Nicht stoffgebundene Süchte

Böning, J. (2015) · MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin · doi:10.1007/s15006-015-2724-4

Neurocognitive risk and protective factors in addictive disorders

Smith, D. G. (2014) · Apollo (University of Cambridge) · doi:10.17863/cam.16469

The Neurobiology of “Food Addiction” and Its Implications for Obesity Treatment and Policy

Carter, A., Hendrikse, J. J., Lee, N., Yücel, M., Verdejo‐García, A., Andrews, Z. B., & Hall, W. (2016) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071715-050909 · Cited by 186

A brief summary of the articles appearing in this issue of Biological Psychiatry.

(2013) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.03.008

The Neurobiological Underpinnings of Obesity and Binge Eating: A Rationale for Adopting the Food Addiction Model

Smith, D. G., & Robbins, T. W. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.08.026 · Cited by 368

Animal Models Lead the Way to Further Understanding Food Addiction as Well as Providing Evidence that Drugs Used Successfully in Addictions Can Be Successful in Treating Overeating

Gold, M. S., & Avena, N. M. (2013) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.04.022 · Cited by 25

Food addiction: is there a baby in the bathwater?

Ziauddeen, H., Farooqi, I. S., & Fletcher, P. C. (2012) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3212-c2 · Cited by 105