Brain dopamine and obesity
Abstract
Background The cerebral mechanisms underlying the behaviours that lead to pathological overeating and obesity are poorly understood. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter that modulates rewarding properties of food, is likely to be involved. To test the hypothesis that obese individuals have abnormalities in brain dopamine activity we measured the availability of dopamine D2 receptors in brain.Methods Brain dopamine D2 receptor availability was measured with positron emission tomography (PET) and [C-11]raclopride (a radioligand for the dopamine D2 receptor). Bmax/Kd (ratio of the distribution volumes in striatum to that in cerebellum minus 1) was used as a measure of dopamine D2 receptor availability. Brain glucose metabolism was also assessed with 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG).Findings Striatal dopamine D2 receptor availability was significantly lower in the ten obese individuals (2.47 [SD 0.36]) than in controls (2.99 [0.41]; p < or = 0.0075). In the obese individuals body mass index (BMI) correlated negatively with the measures of D2 receptors (r=0.84; p < or = 0.002); the individuals with the lowest D2 values had the largest BMI. By contrast, neither whole brain nor striatal metabolism differed between obese individuals and controls, indicating that striatal reductions in D2 receptors were not due to a systematic reduction in radiotracer delivery.Interpretation The availability of dopamine D2 receptor was decreased in obese individuals in proportion to their BMI. Dopamine modulates motivation and reward circuits and hence dopamine deficiency in obese individuals may perpetuate pathological eating as a means to compensate for decreased activation of these circuits. Strategies aimed at improving dopamine function may be beneficial in the treatment of obese individuals.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The same reduction in D2R is also seen in obesity, internet addiction, and trait impulsivity.
“This same reduction in D2R is also seen in obesity, internet addiction, and trait impulsivity (Wang et al 2001; Buckholtz et al 2010; Kim et al 2011).”
From The behavioral, anatomical and pharmacological parallels between social attachment, love and addiction (2012) · cites this paper as Wang et al 2001
Dopamine (DA) receptors were significantly lower in individuals with obesity.
“For example, a landmark study showed that dopamine (DA) receptors were significantly lower in individuals with obesity [3].”
From Food Addiction and Psychosocial Adversity: Biological Embedding, Contextual Factors, and Public Health Implications (2020) · cites this paper as [3]
Obesity is associated with low D2 receptor binding, and morbidly obese individuals with the lowest D2 values had the largest body mass index, although one study did not find this.
“Obesity has been shown to be associated with low D2 receptor binding, and morbidly obese individuals with the lowest D2 values had the largest body mass index (de Weijer et al., 2011; Volkow et al., 2008; Wang et al., 2001), although this was not seen in one study (Steele et al., 2010).”
From Imaging addiction: D2 receptors and dopamine signaling in the striatum as biomarkers for impulsivity (2014) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2001
Preclinical and clinical studies provide evidence of decreases in striatal D2R that are linked with reward through the NAc and with habits and routines through the dorsal striatum in obesity.
“Both preclinical and clinical studies have provided evidence of decreases in striatal D2R, which, through the NAc, are linked with reward and through the dorsal striatum with the establishment of habits and routines in obesity (80–82).”
From Obesity and addiction: Neurobiological overlaps (2013) · cites this paper as [81]
Negative correlation between BMI and striatal D2R in obese and overweight individuals, and correlation between BMI and decreased prefrontal blood flow in healthy individuals and decreased prefrontal metabolism in obese subjects, support this.
“the negative correlation between BMI and striatal D2R reported in obese (81) and in overweight (96) individuals, as well as the correlation between BMI and decreased blood flow in prefrontal regions in healthy individuals (97,98) and decreased prefrontal metabolism in obese subjects (63) support this.”
From Obesity and addiction: Neurobiological overlaps (2013) · cites this paper as [81]
Individuals with obesity and binge eating disorder have widespread reduction in binding at mu-opioid receptors, in addition to deficiencies identified at striatal dopamine D2 receptors.
“In addition to deficiencies identified at striatal DA-D2 receptors [89,90], individuals with obesity and BED have widespread reduction in binding at mu-opioid receptors (MOR) [91].”
From Separating the Signal from the Noise: How Psychiatric Diagnoses Can Help Discern Food Addiction from Dietary Restraint (2020) · cites this paper as [89]
Animal and human research has documented activation of brain reward regions and increased dopaminergic transmission with highly palatable food cue exposure, along with increases in food craving and motivation.
“Research with animals and humans has documented activation of brain reward regions and increased dopaminergic transmission with HP food cue exposure, along with concomitant increases in food craving and motivation”
From Role of addiction and stress neurobiology on food intake and obesity (2018) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2001
Obesity is linked to lower striatal D2 receptor availability, and blunted reward responsivity may connect ELA to obesity.
“Obesity is associated with lower striatal D2R availability, such that a higher body mass index (BMI) predicts lower receptor availability.121”
From Early life adversity and health-risk behaviors: Proposed psychological and neural mechanisms (2018) · cites this paper as [121]
Both preclinical and clinical studies have provided evidence of decreased striatal D2R signaling in obesity, which is linked with reward in the NAc but also with the establishment of habits and routines in the dorsal striatum.
“Both preclinical and clinical studies have provided evidence of decreased striatal D2R signaling, which, as mentioned above, is linked with reward (NAc) but also with the establishment of habits and routines (dorsal striatum) in obesity (Geiger et al 2009;Wang et al 2001).”
From Food and Drug Reward: Overlapping Circuits in Human Obesity and Addiction (2011) · cites this paper as Wang et al 2001
The negative correlation between BMI and striatal D2R reported in obese and in overweight individuals supports the view that low D2R contributes to deficient control over food intake.
“Indeed, the negative correlation between BMI and striatal D2R reported in obese (Wang et al 2001) and in overweight (Haltia et al 2007a) individuals supports this.”
From Food and Drug Reward: Overlapping Circuits in Human Obesity and Addiction (2011) · cites this paper as Wang et al 2001
Recurrent activation of the striatum may downregulate dopamine receptor availability and further heighten the drive to overeat.
“In addition, the recurrent activation of the striatum may downregulate dopamine receptor availability and further heighten the drive to overeat (11).”
From Effects of dietary glycemic index on brain regions related to reward and craving in men (2013) · cites this paper as [11]
Striatal dopamine D2 receptor availability was significantly lower in obese individuals than in nonobese matched controls.
“Of particular interest, striatal dopamine D 2 receptor availability was significantly lower in obese individuals than in nonobese matched controls (11), which raised the possibility that overeating may compensate for low dopaminergic activity.”
From Effects of dietary glycemic index on brain regions related to reward and craving in men (2013) · cites this paper as [11]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Central nervous system control of food intake
Schwartz, M. W., Woods, S. C., Porte, D., Seeley, R. J., & Baskin, D. G. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35007534 · Cited by 6,451 · see citing works
What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?
Berridge, K. C., & Robinson, T. E. (1998) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(98)00019-8 · Cited by 4,127 · see citing works
Addiction, a disease of compulsion and drive: involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex
Volkow, N. D. (2000) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/10.3.318 · Cited by 1,240 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of nicotine on the nucleus accumbens and similarity to those of addictive drugs.
Pontieri, F. E., Tanda, G., Orzi, F., & Chiara, G. D. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/382255a0 · Cited by 1,073 · see citing works
Volkow, N. D., Fowler, J. S., Wang, G., Hitzemann, R., Logan, J., Schlyer, D. J., Dewey, S. L., & Wolf, A. P. (1993) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.890140210 · Cited by 924 · see citing works
Self-citationQuantitative Analysis of D2 Dopamine Receptor Binding in the Living Human Brain by PET
Farde, L., Hall, H., Ehrin, E., & Sedvall, G. (1986) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2867601 · Cited by 831 · see citing works
Noble, E. P. (1991) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810310066012 · Cited by 655 · see citing works
Yanovski, S. Z., Nelson, J. E., Dubbert, B. K., & Spitzer, R. L. (1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.10.1472 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
Blum, K. (2017) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483365817.n1156 · Cited by 474 · see citing works
Bassareo, V., & Chiara, G. D. (1999) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(98)00583-1 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Medicinal strategies in the treatment of obesity
Bray, G. A., & Tartaglia, L. A. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35007544 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Body weight gain induced by antipsychotic drugs: mechanisms and management
Baptista, T. (1999) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1999.tb10908.x · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Wang, G. (1997) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(96)00184-4 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Self-citationStriatal D2 dopamine receptor binding characteristics in vivo in patients with alcohol dependence
Hietala, J., West, C., Syvälahti, E., Någren, K., Lehikoinen, P., Sonninen, P., & Ruotsalainen, U. (1994) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02245330 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Striatal dopamine turnover during treadmill running in the rat: Relation to the speed of running
Hattori, S., Naoi, M., & Nishino, H. (1994) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/0361-9230(94)90214-3 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Mesolimbic dopaminergic system activity as a function of food reward: a microdialysis study
Martel, P. (1996) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(95)00187-5 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Positron emission tomography and autoradiography
Mazziotta, J. C., & Schelbert, H. R. (1985) · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Logan, J., Volkow, N. D., Fowler, J. S., Wang, G., Dewey, S. L., MacGregor, R. R., Schlyer, D. J., Gatley, S. J., Pappas, N. R., King, P. T., et al. (1994) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1994.132 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Self-citationBina, K. G., & Cincotta, A. H. (2000) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000054522 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
MacRae, P. G., Spirduso, W. W., Walters, J., Farrar, R. P., & Wilcox, R. E. (1987) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00177922 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Comings, D. E., Gade, R., MacMurray, J. P., Muhleman, D. R., & Peters, W. R. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Brain neurotransmitters in food and drug reward
Hoebel, B. G. (1985) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/42.5.1133 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Positron Emission Tomography and Autoradiography
Jones, T. (1987) · Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography · doi:10.1097/00004728-198705000-00043 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Intersubject variability of brain glucose metabolic measurements in young normal males.
Wang, G., Volkow, N. D., Wolf, A. P., Brodie, J. D., & HITZEMANN, R. J. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, G., Volkow, N. D., HITZEMANN, R. J., Wong, C., ANGRIST, B. M., Burr, G., Pascani, K., Pappas, N. R., Lu, A., Cooper, T. B., et al. (2009) · European Addiction Research · doi:10.1159/000259147 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, G., Volkow, N. D., Fowler, J. S., Logan, J., Pappas, N. R., Wong, C., HITZEMANN, R. J., & Netusil, N. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationBalcioglu, A., & Wurtman, R. J. (1998) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800589 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Behavioural microanalysis of the role of dopamine in amphetamine anorexia
Towell, A., Muscat, R., & Willner, P. (1988) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(88)90077-9 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Dissociation, childhood trauma, and the response to fluoxetine in bulimic patients
McCarthy, M. K., GOFF, D. C., Baer, L., Cioffi, J., & Herzog, D. B. (1994) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/1098-108x(199404)15:3 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Foltin, R. W., Fischman, M. W., & Nautiyal, C. (1990) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(90)90092-v · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- 11 Noble EP, Noble RE, Ritchie T, et al. D2 dopamine receptor gene and obesity. Int J Eat Disord 1994; 15: 205-17.
- 15 Wang G-J, Volkow ND, Fowler JS, et al. Reproducibility of repeated measures of endogenous dopamine competition with [C-11]raclopride in the human brain. J Nucl Med 1999; 40: 1285-91.
- 25 Yanovski SZ, Nelson JE, Dubbert BK, Spitzer RL. Association of binge eating disorder and psychiatric comorbidity in obese subjects. Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150: 1472-79.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex in addiction: neuroimaging findings and clinical implications
Goldstein, R. Z., & Volkow, N. D. (2011) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3119 · Cited by 2,749 · see citing works
Self-citationDopamine D2 receptors in addiction-like reward dysfunction and compulsive eating in obese rats
Johnson, P. M., & Kenny, P. J. (2010) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2519 · Cited by 1,495 · see citing works
Reward, dopamine and the control of food intake: implications for obesity
Volkow, N. D., Wang, G.-J., & Baler, R. D. (2011) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2010.11.001 · Cited by 1,400 · see citing works
Self-citationPreliminary validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale
Gearhardt, A. N., Corbin, W. R., & Brownell, K. D. (2009) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2008.12.003 · Cited by 1,369 · see citing works
Avena, N. M., Rada, P., & Hoebel, B. G. (2008) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.019 · Cited by 1,358 · see citing works
The epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of psychosocial risk factors in cardiac practice
Rozanski, A., Blumenthal, J. A., Davidson, K. W., Saab, P. G., & Kubzansky, L. (2005) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.12.005 · Cited by 1,238 · see citing works
Johnson, R. K., Appel, L. J., Brands, M., Howard, B. V., Lefevre, M., Lustig, R. H., Sacks, F., Steffen, L. M., & Wylie-Rosett, J. (2009) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.192627 · Cited by 1,207 · see citing works
“Liking” and “wanting” food rewards: Brain substrates and roles in eating disorders
Berridge, K. C. (2009) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.044 · Cited by 1,147 · see citing works
Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders
Heindel, J. J., Blumberg, B., Cave, M., Machtinger, R., Mantovani, A., Mendez, M. A., Nadal, A., Palanza, P., Panzica, G., Sargis, R., et al. (2017) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.10.001 · Cited by 1,101 · see citing works
Discovering Endophenotypes for Major Depression
Hasler, G., Drevets, W. C., Manji, H. K., & Charney, D. S. (2004) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300506 · Cited by 1,123 · see citing works
How can drug addiction help us understand obesity?
Volkow, N. D., & Wise, R. A. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1452 · Cited by 1,089 · see citing works
Self-citationDopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases
Klein, M. O., Battagello, D. S., Cardoso, A. R., Hauser, D. N., Bittencourt, J. C., & Correa, R. G. (2019) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s10571-018-0632-3 · Cited by 1,073 · see citing works
Effort-related functions of nucleus accumbens dopamine and associated forebrain circuits
Salamone, J. D., Correa, M., Farrar, A., & Mingote, S. M. (2007) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0668-9 · Cited by 1,000 · see citing works
The dopamine motive system: implications for drug and food addiction
Volkow, N. D., Wise, R. A., & Baler, R. (2017) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.130 · Cited by 939 · see citing works
Self-citationVolkow, N. D., Chang, L., Wang, G.-J., Fowler, J. S., Ding, Y.-S., Sedler, M., Logan, J., Franceschi, D., Gatley, J., Hitzemann, R., et al. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.12.2015 · Cited by 916 · see citing works
Self-citationThe tempted brain eats: Pleasure and desire circuits in obesity and eating disorders
Berridge, K. C., Ho, C.-Y., Richard, J. M., & DiFeliceantonio, A. G. (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.003 · Cited by 873 · see citing works
Widespread reward-system activation in obese women in response to pictures of high-calorie foods
Stoeckel, L. E., Weller, R. E., Cook, E. W., Twieg, D. B., Knowlton, R. C., & Cox, J. E. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.02.031 · Cited by 857 · see citing works
Overlapping neuronal circuits in addiction and obesity: evidence of systems pathology
Volkow, N. D., Wang, G.-J., Fowler, J. S., & Telang, F. (2008) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0107 · Cited by 809 · see citing works
Self-citationObesity and addiction: Neurobiological overlaps
Volkow, N. D., Wang, G. ‐., Tomasi, D., & Baler, R. D. (2013) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2012.01031.x · Cited by 800 · see citing works
Self-citationIs obesity an inflammatory condition?
Das, U. N. (2001) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/s0899-9007(01)00672-4 · Cited by 799 · see citing works
Stice, E., Spoor, S., Bohon, C., & Small, D. M. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1161550 · Cited by 786 · see citing works
Stice, E., Spoor, S., Bohon, C., Veldhuizen, M. G., & Small, D. M. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013600 · Cited by 779 · see citing works
Reward mechanisms in obesity: new insights and future directions
Kenny, P. J. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.02.016 · Cited by 748 · see citing works
Neural correlates of food addiction
Gearhardt, A. N. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.32 · Cited by 707 · see citing works
Rothemund, Y., Preuschhof, C., Bohner, G., Bauknecht, H.-C., Klingebiel, R., Flor, H., & Klapp, B. F. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.05.008 · Cited by 679 · see citing works
Social dominance in monkeys: dopamine D2 receptors and cocaine self-administration
Morgan, D., Grant, K. A., Gage, H. D., Mach, R. H., Kaplan, J. R., Prioleau, O., Nader, S. H., Buchheimer, N., Ehrenkaufer, R. L., & Nader, M. A. (2002) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn798 · Cited by 674 · see citing works
Disorders of compulsivity: A common bias towards learning habits
Voon, V, Derbyshire, K., Rück, C., Irvine, M. A., Worbe, Y., Enander, J., Schreiber, L. R. N., Gillan, C., Fineberg, N. A., Sahakian, B. J., et al. (2015) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2014.44 · Cited by 643 · see citing works
Leptin Regulation of the Mesoaccumbens Dopamine Pathway
Fulton, S., Pissios, P., Manchon, R. P., Stiles, L., Frank, L., Pothos, E. N., Maratos-Flier, E., & Flier, J. S. (2006) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.09.006 · Cited by 644 · see citing works
Small, D. M., Jones-Gotman, M., & Dagher, A. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00253-2 · Cited by 632 · see citing works
Volkow, N. D., Wang, G.-J., Telang, F., Fowler, J. S., Thanos, P. K., Logan, J., Alexoff, D., Ding, Y.-S., Wong, C., Ma, Y., et al. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.06.002 · Cited by 573 · see citing works
Self-citationMattes, R. D., & Popkin, B. M. (2009) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26792 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Brain abnormalities in human obesity: A voxel-based morphometric study
Pannacciulli, N., Del Parigi, A., Chen, K., Le, D. S. N. T., Reiman, E. M., & Tataranni, P. A. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.01.047 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
Food and Drug Reward: Overlapping Circuits in Human Obesity and Addiction
Volkow, N. D., Wang, G. J., Fowler, J. S., Tomasi, D., & Baler, R. (2011) · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2011_169 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Self-citationD2 dopamine receptor gene in psychiatric and neurologic disorders and its phenotypes
Noble, E. P. (2003) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.10005 · Cited by 501 · see citing works
Wang, G.-J., Volkow, N. D., Thanos, P. K., & Fowler, J. S. (2004) · Journal of Addictive Diseases · doi:10.1300/j069v23n03_04 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Self-citationObesity and the brain: how convincing is the addiction model?
Ziauddeen, H., Farooqi, I. S., & Fletcher, P. C. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3212 · Cited by 462 · see citing works
Volkow, N. D., Wang, G., Fowler, J. S., Logan, J., Jayne, M., Franceschi, D., Wong, C., Gatley, S. J., Gifford, A. N., Ding, Y., et al. (2002) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.10075 · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Self-citationLeeman, R. F., & Potenza, M. N. (2012) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2550-7 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Alcohol dependence is associated with blunted dopamine transmission in the ventral striatum
Martinez, D., Gil, R., Slifstein, M., Hwang, D.-R., Huang, Y., Perez, A., Kegeles, L., Talbot, P., Evans, S., Krystal, J., et al. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.04.044 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Neuroimaging and obesity: current knowledge and future directions
Carnell, S., Gibson, C., Benson, L., Ochner, C. N., & Geliebter, A. (2012) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2011.00927.x · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Physiological adaptations to weight loss and factors favouring weight regain
Greenway, F. L. (2015) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2015.59 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Sharma, S., & Fulton, S. (2013) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2012.48 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Overlapping Brain Circuits for Homeostatic and Hedonic Feeding
Rossi, M. A., & Stuber, G. D. (2018) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2017.09.021 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Exposure to appetitive food stimuli markedly activates the human brain
Wang, G.-J., Volkow, N. D., Telang, F., Jayne, M., Ma, J., Rao, M., Zhu, W., Wong, C. T., Pappas, N. R., Geliebter, A., et al. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.11.026 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Self-citationWeight Gain Is Associated with Reduced Striatal Response to Palatable Food
Stice, E., Yokum, S., Blum, K., & Bohon, C. (2010) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2105-10.2010 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Sugar and Fat Bingeing Have Notable Differences in Addictive-like Behavior
Avena, N. M., Rada, P., & Hoebel, B. G. (2009) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.108.097584 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Siep, N., Roefs, A., Roebroeck, A., Havermans, R., Bonte, M. L., & Jansen, A. (2009) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.10.035 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
“Liking” and “wanting” in eating and food reward: Brain mechanisms and clinical implications
Morales, I., & Berridge, K. C. (2020) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113152 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Inverse Association Between BMI and Prefrontal Metabolic Activity in Healthy Adults
Volkow, N. D., Wang, G., Telang, F., Fowler, J. S., Goldstein, R. Z., Alia‐Klein, N., Logan, J., Wong, C., Thanos, P. K., Ma, Y., et al. (2009) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2008.469 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Self-citationAGA Clinical Practice Guideline on Pharmacological Interventions for Adults With Obesity
Grunvald, E., Shah, R., Hernaez, R., Chandar, A. K., Pickett-Blakely, O., Teigen, L. M., Harindhanavudhi, T., Sultan, S., Singh, S., & Davitkov, P. (2022) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2022.08.045 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Neural bases of food-seeking: affect, arousal and reward in corticostriatolimbic circuits
BALLEINE, B. (2005) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.08.061 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Cannabinoids, opioids and eating behavior: The molecular face of hedonism?
Cota, D., Tschöp, M. H., Horvath, T. L., & Levine, A. S. (2006) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2005.10.004 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
How Palatable Food Disrupts Appetite Regulation
Erlanson‐Albertsson, C. (2005) · Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology · doi:10.1111/j.1742-7843.2005.pto_179.x · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Bupropion SR Enhances Weight Loss: A 48‐Week Double‐Blind, Placebo‐ Controlled Trial
Anderson, J. W., Greenway, F. L., Fujioka, K., Gadde, K. M., McKenney, J., & O'Neil, P. M. (2002) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2002.86 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Davis, C. A., Levitan, R. D., Reid, C., Carter, J. C., Kaplan, A. S., Patte, K. A., King, N., Curtis, C., & Kennedy, J. L. (2009) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2009.52 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Increased Occupancy of Dopamine Receptors in Human Striatum during Cue-Elicited Cocaine Craving
Wong, D. F., Kuwabara, H., Schretlen, D. J., Bonson, K. R., Zhou, Y., Nandi, A., Brašić, J. R., Kimes, A. S., Maris, M. A., Kumar, A., et al. (2006) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301194 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Martinez, D., Broft, A., Foltin, R. W., Slifstein, M., Hwang, D.-R., Huang, Y., Perez, A., Frankel, W. G., Cooper, T., Kleber, H. D., et al. (2004) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300420 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Burkett, J. P., & Young, L. J. (2012) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2794-x · Cited by 307 · see citing works
“This same reduction in D2R is also seen in obesity, Internet addiction, and trait impulsivity (Wang et al. 2001; Buckholtz et al. 2010; Kim et al. 2011).”
Davis, J. F., Tracy, A. L., Schurdak, J. D., Tschöp, M. H., Lipton, J. W., Clegg, D. J., & Benoit, S. C. (2008) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/a0013111 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
The role of dopamine in motivation for food in humans: implications for obesity
Wang, G.-J., Volkow, N. D., & Fowler, J. S. (2002) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets · doi:10.1517/14728222.6.5.601 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Self-citationHolman, A. J., & Myers, R. R. (2005) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21191 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
The contribution of brain reward circuits to the obesity epidemic
Stice, E., Figlewicz, D. P., Gosnell, B. A., Levine, A. S., & Pratt, W. E. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.12.001 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
The impact of sugar consumption on stress driven, emotional and addictive behaviors
Jacques, A., Chaaya, N., Beecher, K., Ali, S. A., Belmer, A., & Bartlett, S. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.021 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Effects of deprivation on hedonics and reinforcing value of food
Epstein, L. H., Truesdale, R., Wojcik, A., Paluch, R. A., & Raynor, H. A. (2003) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00978-2 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
The dark side of food addiction
Parylak, S. L., Koob, G. F., & Zorrilla, E. P. (2011) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.04.063 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Wang, G.-J., Volkow, N. D., Telang, F., Jayne, M., Ma, Y., Pradhan, K., Zhu, W., Wong, C. T., Thanos, P. K., Geliebter, A., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0807423106 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Self-citationLopresti, A. L., & Drummond, P. D. (2013) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.05.005 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Brain dopamine is associated with eating behaviors in humans
Volkow, N. D., Wang, G., Maynard, L., Jayne, M., Fowler, J. S., Zhu, W., Logan, J., Gatley, S. J., Ding, Y., Wong, C., et al. (2003) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.10118 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Self-citationEarly life adversity and health-risk behaviors: Proposed psychological and neural mechanisms
Duffy, K. A., McLaughlin, K. A., & Green, P. A. (2018) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13928 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Nummenmaa, L., Hirvonen, J., Hannukainen, J. C., Immonen, H., Lindroos, M. M., Salminen, P., & Nuutila, P. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031089 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Hedonic Hunger is Increased in Severely Obese Patients and is Reduced After Gastric Bypass Surgery
Schultes, B., Ernst, B., Wilms, B., Thurnheer, M., & Hallschmid, M. (2010) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.29007 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Alterations of Central Dopamine Receptors Before and After Gastric Bypass Surgery
Steele, K. E., Prokopowicz, G. P., Schweitzer, M. A., Magunsuon, T. H., Lidor, A. O., Kuwabawa, H., Kumar, A., Brasic, J., & Wong, D. F. (2010) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-009-0015-4 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Nigg, J. T., Johnstone, J. M., Musser, E. D., Long, H. G., Willoughby, M. T., & Shannon, J. (2016) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.11.005 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Role of addiction and stress neurobiology on food intake and obesity
Sinha, R. (2018) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.05.001 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Food addiction: true or false?
Corsica, J. A., & Pelchat, M. L. (2010) · Current Opinion in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mog.0b013e328336528d · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Body mass index and the risk of Parkinson disease
Hu, G., Jousilahti, P., Nissinen, A., Antikainen, R., Kivipelto, M., & Tuomilehto, J. (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000247052.18422.e5 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Reward sensitivity and the D2 dopamine receptor gene: A case-control study of binge eating disorder
Davis, C., Levitan, R. D., Kaplan, A. S., Carter, J., Reid, C., Curtis, C., Patte, K., Hwang, R., & Kennedy, J. L. (2008) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.09.024 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Blundell, J. E., & Finlayson, G. (2004) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.04.021 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Evidence for defective mesolimbic dopamine exocytosis in obesity‐prone rats
Geiger, B. M., Behr, G. G., Frank, L. E., Caldera-Siu, A. D., Beinfeld, M. C., Kokkotou, E. G., & Pothos, E. N. (2008) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.08-110759 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Role for insulin signaling in catecholaminergic neurons in control of energy homeostasis
Könner, A. C., Hess, S., Tovar, S., Mesaros, A., Sánchez-Lasheras, C., Evers, N., Verhagen, L. A. W., Brönneke, H. S., Kleinridders, A., Hampel, B., et al. (2011) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2011.03.021 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Clark, L., Stokes, P. R., Wu, K., Michalczuk, R., Benecke, A., Watson, B. J., Egerton, A., Piccini, P., Nutt, D. J., Bowden-Jones, H., et al. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.06.067 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
The role of reward circuitry and food addiction in the obesity epidemic: An update
Leigh, S.-J., & Morris, M. J. (2018) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.12.013 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Taste preferences and body weight changes in an obesity-prone population.
Salbe, A. D., DelParigi, A., Pratley, R. E., Drewnowski, A., & Tataranni, P. A. (2004) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.3.372 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Role of Adiposity-Driven Inflammation in Depressive Morbidity
Capuron, L., Lasselin, J., & Castanon, N. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.123 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Furlong, T. M., Jayaweera, H. K., Balleine, B. W., & Corbit, L. H. (2014) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3707-13.2014 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Inflammation and insulin/IGF-1 resistance as the possible link between obesity and neurodegeneration
Spielman, L. J., Little, J. P., & Klegeris, A. (2014) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.06.004 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Neural vulnerability factors that increase risk for future weight gain
Stice, E., & Yokum, S. (2016) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000044 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Comparison of Combined Bupropion and Naltrexone Therapy for Obesity with Monotherapy and Placebo
Greenway, F. L., Dunayevich, E., Tollefson, G., Erickson, J., Guttadauria, M., Fujioka, K., Cowley, M. A., & for the NB-201 Study Group (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1350 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Lower striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in obese compared with non-obese subjects
de Weijer, B. A., van de Giessen, E., van Amelsvoort, T. A., Boot, E., Braak, B., Janssen, I. M., van de Laar, A., Fliers, E., Serlie, M. J., & Booij, J. (2011) · EJNMMI Research · doi:10.1186/2191-219x-1-37 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss causes remission of food addiction in extreme obesity
Pepino, M. Y., Stein, R. I., Eagon, J. C., & Klein, S. (2014) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20797 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
“These symptoms include: (1) substance taken in larger amount and for longer period than intended; (2) persistent desire or repeated unsuccessful attempt to quit; (3) much time/activity to obtain, use, recover; (4) important social, occupational, or recreational activities given up or reduced; (5) use continues despite…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialElman, I., Borsook, D., & Lukas, S. E. (2006) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301051 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Imaging addiction: D2 receptors and dopamine signaling in the striatum as biomarkers for impulsivity
Trifilieff, P., & Martinez, D. (2014) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.06.031 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
The brain’s reward system in health and disease
Lewis, R. G., Florio, E., Punzo, D., & Borrelli, E. (2021) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-81147-1_4 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Bohon, C., & Stice, E. (2011) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.20869 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Decreased Dopamine Type 2 Receptor Availability After Bariatric Surgery: Preliminary Findings
Dunn, J. P., Cowan, R. L., Volkow, N. D., Feurer, I. D., Li, R., Williams, D. B., Kessler, R. M., & Abumrad, N. N. (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.03.064 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Devoto, F., Zapparoli, L., Bonandrini, R., Berlingeri, M., Ferrulli, A., Luzi, L., Banfi, G., & Paulesu, E. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.017 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Effects of intravenous glucose on dopaminergic function in the human brain in vivo
Haltia, L. T., Rinne, J. O., Merisaari, H., Maguire, R. P., Savontaus, E., Helin, S., Någren, K., & Kaasinen, V. (2007) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.20418 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Dunn, J. P., Kessler, R. M., Feurer, I. D., Volkow, N. D., Patterson, B. W., Ansari, M. S., Li, R., Marks-Shulman, P., & Abumrad, N. N. (2012) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc11-2250 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
“Our participants were imaged at night after an 8 h fast, while others completed imaging primarily in the morning either with a relatively short fast (minimum2 h) (5) or after an overnight fast (21).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationPersonality traits and brain dopaminergic function in Parkinson's disease
Kaasinen, V., Nurmi, E., Bergman, J., Eskola, O., Solin, O., Sonninen, P., & Rinne, J. O. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.231313198 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
The plausibility of sugar addiction and its role in obesity and eating disorders
Benton, D. (2010) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2009.12.001 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wang, G.-J., Volkow, N. D., Logan, J., Pappas, N. R., Wong, C. T., Zhu, W., Netusll, N., & Fowler, J. S.
- Affiliations
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (US)
- Stony Brook University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Gene-Jack
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-02
- Volume
- 357
- Issue
- 9253
- Pages
- 354-357
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2164125772
- Cited by
- 1,864
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 100 · 2020: 79 · 2019: 74 · 2018: 78 · 2017: 96 · 2016: 126 · 2015: 123 · 2014: 121 · 2013: 105 · 2012: 117
- FWCI
- 14.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA 06 891-02, R01DA006891)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Keywords
- obesity, dopamine D2 receptor, striatum, brain dopamine, food reward, body mass index, brain glucose metabolism, dopamine deficiency
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Brain Mapping, Cerebellum, Corpus Striatum, Female, Glucose, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Linear Models, Case-Control Studies, Receptors, Dopamine D2
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
