The DOI matches its Crossref record; 168 of the 168 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neuropsychiatric sequelae of stroke
Abstract
Stroke survivors are often affected by psychological distress and neuropsychiatric disturbances. About one-third of stroke survivors experience depression, anxiety or apathy, which are the most common neuropsychiatric sequelae of stroke. Neuropsychiatric sequelae are disabling, and can have a negative influence on recovery, reduce quality of life and lead to exhaustion of the caregiver. Despite the availability of screening instruments and effective treatments, neuropsychiatric disturbances attributed to stroke are currently underdiagnosed and undertreated. Stroke severity, stroke-related disabilities, cerebral small vessel disease, previous psychiatric disease, poor coping strategies and unfavourable psychosocial environment influence the presence and severity of the psychiatric sequelae of stroke. Although consistent associations between psychiatric disturbances and specific stroke locations have yet to be confirmed, functional MRI studies are beginning to unveil the anatomical networks that are disrupted in stroke-associated psychiatric disorders. Evidence regarding biochemical and genetic biomarkers for stroke-associated psychiatric disorders is still limited, and better understanding of the biological determinants and pathophysiology of these disorders is needed. Investigation into the management of these conditions must be continued, and should include pilot studies to assess the benefits of innovative behavioural interventions and large-scale cooperative randomized controlled pharmacological trials of drugs that are safe to use in patients with stroke.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“These brain pathologies are described as both etiological factors and consequences of psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases [15].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [15]
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2013) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 · Cited by 116,369
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · Cited by 47,139
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817
Hirono, N., Mori, E., Ikejiri, Y., Imamura, T., Shimomura, T., Hashimoto, M., Yamashita, H., & Ikeda, M. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 21,012
Kok, J. S., Berg, I. J., & Scherder, E. J. A. (2013) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra · doi:10.1159/000353441 · Cited by 20,589
(1998) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · Cited by 19,139
Depression and quality of life in older persons: A review
Sivertsen, H., Bjørkløf, G. H., Engedal, K., Selbæk, G., & Helvik, A.-S. (2015) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · doi:10.1159/000437299 · Cited by 14,152
A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change
Montgomery, S. A., & Åsberg, M. (1979) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.134.4.382 · Cited by 13,962
Zhang, Q., Wang, C., Zheng, M., Li, Y., Li, J., Zhang, L., Shang, X., & Yan, C. (2014) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000369778 · Cited by 11,609
(1998) · PubMed · Cited by 10,216
The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: Comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia
Cummings, J. L., Mega, M., Gray, K., Rosenberg-Thompson, S., Carusi, D. A., & Gornbein, J. (1994) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.44.12.2308 · Cited by 7,568
Selective Cortical Undercutting As a Means of Modifying and Studying Frontal Lobe Function in Man
Scoville, W. B. (1949) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1949.6.1.0065 · Cited by 7,374
Feigin, V. L., Forouzanfar, M. H., Krishnamurthi, R., Mensah, G. A., Connor, M., Bennett, D. A., Moran, A. E., Sacco, R. L., Anderson, L., Truelsen, T., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61953-4 · Cited by 3,899
Guidelines for Management of Ischaemic Stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack 2008
The European Stroke Organisation (ESO) Executive Committee and the ESO Writing Committee (2008) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000131083 · Cited by 2,504
Reliability and validity of the apathy evaluation scale
Marin, R. S., Biedrzycki, R. C., & Firinciogullari, S. (1991) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(91)90040-v · Cited by 1,805
Post-Stroke Fatigue: Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics and Treatment
Acciarresi, M., Bogousslavsky, J., & Paciaroni, M. (2014) · European Neurology · doi:10.1159/000363763 · Cited by 1,423
Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD
Wilson, J.-P., & Keane, T. (1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-5966 · Cited by 1,274
Post-Stroke Depression: A Review
Robinson, R. G., & Jorge, R. E. (2015) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15030363 · Cited by 1,152
Hackett, M. L., & Pickles, K. (2014) · International Journal of Stroke · doi:10.1111/ijs.12357 · Cited by 1,140
Ayerbe, L., Ayis, S., Wolfe, C. D. A., & Rudd, A. G. (2013) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.111.107664 · Cited by 980
Cleare, A., Pariante, C., Young, A., Anderson, I., Christmas, D., Cowen, P., Dickens, C., Ferrier, I., Geddes, J., Gilbody, S., et al. (2015) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881115581093 · Cited by 759
Depression after stroke and lesion location: a systematic review
Carson, A. J., MacHale, S., Allen, K. E., Lawrie, S. M., Dennis, M. S., House, A. O., & Sharpe, M. (2000) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02448-x · Cited by 650
Neural foundations to moral reasoning and antisocial behavior.
Raine, A., & Yang, Y. (2006) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsl033 · Cited by 479
Frequency of Anxiety after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Burton, C. A. C., Murray, J., Holmes, J., Astin, F., Greenwood, D., & Knapp, P. (2013) · International Journal of Stroke · doi:10.1111/j.1747-4949.2012.00906.x · Cited by 427
COMPARISON OF CORTICAL AND SUBCORTICAL LESIONS IN THE PRODUCTION OF POSTSTROKE MOOD DISORDERS
STARKSTEIN, S. E., Robinson, R. G., & Price, T. R. (1987) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/110.4.1045 · Cited by 422
Kutlubaev, M. A., & Hackett, M. L. (2014) · International Journal of Stroke · doi:10.1111/ijs.12356 · Cited by 407
The nosological position of apathy in clinical practice
STARKSTEIN, S. E., & Leentjens, A. F. G. (2008) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2007.136895 · Cited by 399
Interventions for treating depression after stroke
Hackett, M. L., Anderson, C. S., House, A., & Xia, J. (2008) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003437.pub3 · Cited by 387
Neuropsychiatric outcomes of stroke
Hackett, M. L., Köhler, S., O'Brien, J. T., & Mead, G. E. (2014) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70016-x · Cited by 369
Affective Disorders and Cerebral Vascular Disease
Starkstein, S. E., & Robinson, R. G. (1989) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.154.2.170 · Cited by 354
Poststroke Depression: A Review
Robinson, R. G., & Spalletta, G. (2010) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371005500602 · Cited by 315
Stein, M. B., & Sareen, J. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmcp1502514 · Cited by 314
Interventions for Treating Depression After Stroke
Hackett, M. L., Anderson, C. S., House, A. O., & Xia, J. (2009) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.109.547059 · Cited by 275
Epidemiology of stroke and transient ischemic attacks: Current knowledge and perspectives
Béjot, Y., Daubail, B., & Giroud, M. (2015) · Revue Neurologique · doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2015.07.013 · Cited by 273
Interventions for preventing depression after stroke
Hackett, M. L., Anderson, C. S., House, A. O., & Halteh, C. (2008) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003689.pub3 · Cited by 273
Jokela, M., Pulkki-Råback, L., Elovainio, M., & Kivimäki, M. (2014) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-013-9548-z · Cited by 269
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for stroke recovery
Mead, G. E., Hsieh, C., Lee, R., Kutlubaev, M. A., Claxton, A., Hankey, G. J., & Hackett, M. L. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009286.pub2 · Cited by 262
A Three‐Factor Model of Trait Anger: Dimensions of Affect, Behavior, and Cognition
Martin, R., Watson, D., & Wan, C. K. (2000) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/1467-6494.00119 · Cited by 236
A Longitudinal View of Apathy and Its Impact After Stroke
Mayo, N. E., Fellows, L. K., Scott, S. C., Cameron, J. I., & Wood-Dauphinée, S. (2009) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.109.554410 · Cited by 212
The Natural History of Depression up to 15 Years After Stroke
Ayerbe, L., Ayis, S. A., Crichton, S. L., Wolfe, C. D. A., & Rudd, A. G. (2013) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.111.679340 · Cited by 206
Development of neuropsychiatric symptoms in poststroke patients: a cross‐sectional study
Angelelli, P., Paolucci, S., Bivona, U., Piccardi, L., Ciurli, M. P., Cantagallo, A., Antonucci, G., Fasotti, L., Santantonio, A. D., Grasso, M. G., et al. (2004) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00297.x · Cited by 194
Post-stroke depression and lesion location: a systematic review
Wei, N., Yong, W., Li, X., Zhou, Y., Deng, M., Zhu, H., & Jin, H. (2014) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-014-7534-1 · Cited by 194
Rosenberg, P. B., Lanctôt, K. L., Drye, L. T., Herrmann, N., Scherer, R. W., Bachman, D. L., Mintzer, J. E., & ADMET investigators (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.12m08099 · Cited by 191
Interventions for treating anxiety after stroke
Knapp, P., Campbell Burton, C. A., Holmes, J., Murray, J., Gillespie, D., Lightbody, C. E., Watkins, C. L., Chun, H.-Y. Y., & Lewis, S. R. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008860.pub3 · Cited by 181
Assessment of Depression After Stroke
Berg, A., Lönnqvist, J. K., Palomäki, H., & Kaste, M. (2008) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.108.527705 · Cited by 178
Anterior cerebral artery infarction: Stroke mechanism and clinical-imaging study in 100 patients
Kang, S. Y., & Kim, J. S. (2008) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000314686.94007.d0 · Cited by 177
Depression or apathy and functional recovery after stroke
Hama, S., Yamashita, H., Shigenobu, M., Watanabe, A., Hiramoto, K., Kurisu, K., Yamawaki, S., & Kitaoka, T. (2007) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.1866 · Cited by 173
Fluoxetine Treatment in Poststroke Depression, Emotional Incontinence, and Anger Proneness
Choi‐Kwon, S., Han, S. W., Kwon, S. U., Kang, D., Choi, J. M., & Kim, J. S. (2005) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000190892.93663.e2 · Cited by 173
Apathy Secondary to Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Caeiro, L., Ferro, J. M., & Costa, J. N. (2013) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000346076 · Cited by 167
Self-citationAyerbe, L., Ayis, S. A., Crichton, S. L., Wolfe, C. D. A., & Rudd, A. G. (2013) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/aft208 · Cited by 159
Brodaty, H., Sachdev, P. S., Withall, A., ALTENDORF, A., Valenzuela, M., & Lorentz, L. (2005) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291705006173 · Cited by 155
Jokela, M. M., Hakulinen, C. A., Singh‐Manoux, A., & Mika Kivimaki, B. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291714000257 · Cited by 155
Anxiety and depression 3 years following stroke: Demographic, clinical, and psychological predictors
Morrison, V., Pollard, B., Johnston, M., & MacWalter, R. (2005) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.02.019 · Cited by 154
Broomfield, N., Quinn, T., Abdul-Rahim, A., Walters, M., & Evans, J. (2014) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-014-0198-8 · Cited by 150
Acute lesions that impair affective empathy
Leigh, R., Oishi, K., Hsu, J., Lindquist, M., Gottesman, R. F., Jarso, S., Crainiceanu, C., Mori, S., & Hillis, A. E. (2013) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awt177 · Cited by 148
Mania and Stroke: A Systematic Review
Santos, C. O., Caeiro, L., Ferro, J. M., & Figueira, M. L. (2011) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000327032 · Cited by 146
Self-citationKronish, I. M., Edmondson, D. E., Goldfinger, J. Z., Fei, K., & Horowitz, C. R. (2012) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.112.655209 · Cited by 143
van Dalen, J. W., van Charante, E. P. M., Nederkoorn, P. J., van Gool, W. A., & Richard, E. (2013) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.112.674614 · Cited by 142
Personality Disorder and Cardiovascular Disease: Results From a National Household Survey
Moran, P., Stewart, R., Brugha, T., Bebbington, P., Bhugra, D., Jenkins, R., & Coid, J. W. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v68n0109 · Cited by 141
Critical role of the right uncinate fasciculus in emotional empathy
Oishi, K., Faria, A. V., Hsu, J., Tippett, D. C., Mori, S., & Hillis, A. E. (2014) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.24300 · Cited by 137
Chronic posttraumatic stress symptoms after nonsevere stroke
Bruggimann, L., Annoni, J., Staub, F., von Steinbüchel, N., der Linden, M. V., & Bogousslavsky, J. (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000194210.98757.49 · Cited by 128
SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE TREATED WITH CLIPPING
Wermer, M. J. H., Kool, H., Albrecht, K. W., & Rinkel, G. J. E. (2007) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000249215.19591.86 · Cited by 124
Psychosocial risk factors in poststroke depression: a systematic review
Ouimet, M., Primeau, F., & Cole, M. (2001) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370104600905 · Cited by 115
Turner, A., Hambridge, J., White, J., Carter, G., Clover, K., Nelson, L., & Hackett, M. (2012) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.111.643296 · Cited by 114
Wright, A. G. C., Calabrese, W. R., Rudick, M. M., Yam, W. H., Zelazny, K., Williams, T. F., Rotterman, J. H., & Simms, L. J. (2014) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000018 · Cited by 113
Pompili, M., Venturini, P., Campi, S., Seretti, M. E., Montebovi, F., Lamis, D. A., Serafini, G., Amore, M., & Girardi, P. (2012) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2012.00364.x · Cited by 111
B‐vitamins reduce the long‐term risk of depression after stroke: The VITATOPS‐DEP trial
Almeida, O. P., Marsh, K., Alfonso, H. S., Flicker, L. A., Davis, T. M. E., & Hankey, G. J. (2010) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.22189 · Cited by 110
Explanatory factors for the increased mortality of stroke patients with depression
Ayerbe, L., Ayis, S. A., Crichton, S. L., Rudd, A. G., & Wolfe, C. D. A. (2014) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000001029 · Cited by 108
Depression and Antidepressant Use After Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack
Husseini, N. E., Goldstein, L. B., Peterson, E. D., Zhao, X., Pan, W., Olson, D. M., Zimmer, L. O., Williams, J. W., Bushnell, C., & Laskowitz, D. T. (2012) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.111.643130 · Cited by 107
Loss of psychic self-activation with bithalamic infarction
Bogousslavsky, J., Regli, F., Delaloye, B., Delaloye-Bischof, A., ASSAL, G., & Uské, A. (1991) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1991.tb04708.x · Cited by 107
Caeiro, L., Ferro, J. M., Santos, C. O., & Figueira, M. L. (2006) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1139/jpn.0642 · Cited by 100
Self-citationLuauté, J., Plantier, D., Wiart, L., & Tell, L. (2015) · Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2015.11.001 · Cited by 96
Impact of Anxiety on Health-Related Quality of Life After Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study
Tang, W. K., Lau, C. G., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2013) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2013.07.012 · Cited by 90
Symptom Profile of DSM-IV Major and Minor Depressive Disorders in First-Ever Stroke Patients
Spalletta, G., Ripa, A., & Caltagirone, C. (2005) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00019442-200502000-00004 · Cited by 87
Interventions for Preventing Depression After Stroke
Hackett, M. L., Anderson, C. S., House, A. O., & Halteh, C. (2009) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.109.547042 · Cited by 87
Effects of Music Therapy on Mood in Stroke Patients
Kim, D. S., Park, Y. G., Choi, J. H., Im, S. H., Jung, K. J., Cha, Y. A., Jung, C. O., & Yoon, Y. H. (2011) · Yonsei Medical Journal · doi:10.3349/ymj.2011.52.6.977 · Cited by 84
Correlates of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Stroke Survivors
Goldfinger, J. Z., Edmondson, D. E., Kronish, I. M., Fei, K., Balakrishnan, R., Tuhrim, S., & Horowitz, C. R. (2013) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.09.019 · Cited by 81
Withall, A., Brodaty, H., Altendorf, A., & Sachdev, P. S. (2010) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610209991116 · Cited by 79
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for stroke recovery
Mead, G. E., Hsieh, C., Lee, R., Kutlubaev, M. A., Claxton, A., Hankey, G. J., & Hacklett, M. L. (2013) · Sao Paulo Medical Journal · doi:10.1590/1516-3180.20131313t1 · Cited by 79
Behavior and Mood Disorders in Focal Brain Lesions
(2000) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511722110 · Cited by 76
A longitudinal study of SLC6A4 DNA promoter methylation and poststroke depression
Kim, J., Stewart, R. J., Kang, H., Kim, S., Shin, I., Kim, H., Shin, M., Kim, J., Park, M., Cho, K.-H., et al. (2013) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.04.010 · Cited by 75
Single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in post-stroke depression
Głodzik-Sobańska, L., Słowik, A., McHugh, P. F., Sobiecka, B., Kozub, J., Rich, K. E., Urbanik, A., & Szczudlik, A. (2006) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2006.08.004 · Cited by 75
Plasma levels of glutamate during stroke is associated with development of post-stroke depression
Cheng, S., Zhao, Y.-D., Li, J., Chen, X.-Y., Wang, R.-D., & Zeng, J. (2014) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.05.006 · Cited by 74
Polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter gene and post-stroke depression: a meta-analysis
Mak, K. K., Kong, W. Y., Mak, A., Sharma, V. K., & Ho, R. (2012) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2012-303791 · Cited by 74
Frakey, L. L., Salloway, S., Buelow, M. T., & Malloy, P. F. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.10m06708 · Cited by 72
Glutamate level detection by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with post-stroke depression
Wang, X., Li, Y.-H., Li, M.-H., Lu, J., Zhao, J.-G., Sun, X.-J., Zhang, B., & Ye, J. (2012) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-011-0209-3 · Cited by 72
Goldstein, G., Condray, R., Schramke, C. J., Stowe, R., & Ratcliff, G. G. (1998) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1076/jcen.20.5.723.1117 · Cited by 70
Mead, G. E., Hackett, M. L., Lundström, E., Murray, V., Hankey, G. J., & Dennis, M. S. (2015) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0864-1 · Cited by 68
Depression in small-vessel disease relates to white matter ultrastructural damage, not disability
Brookes, R. L., Herbert, V., Lawrence, A. J., Morris, R. G., & Markus, H. S. (2014) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000882 · Cited by 66
Poor reward sensitivity and apathy after stroke
Rochat, L., der Linden, M. V., Renaud, O., Epiney, J., Michel, P., Sztajzel, R. F., Spierer, L., & Annoni, J. (2013) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000435290.49598.1d · Cited by 63
Subjective experience and behavior in acute stroke
Ghika-Schmid, F., van Melle, G., Guex, P., & Bogousslavsky, J. (1999) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.52.1.22 · Cited by 63
Man, S., Hung, B. H. B., Ng, R., Yu, X.-C., Cheung, H. K. Y., Fung, M. P. M., Li, L. S. W., Leung, K.-P., Leung, K. P., Tsang, K. W. Y., et al. (2014) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-255 · Cited by 63
Zhan, Y., Yang, Y.-T., You, H.-M., Cao, D., Liu, C. Y., Zhou, C.-J., Wang, Z.-Y., Bai, S.-J., Mu, J., Wu, B. C., et al. (2014) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.03.004 · Cited by 62
Interventions for preventing depression after stroke
Anderson, C. S., Hackett, M. L., & House, A. O. (2004) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003689.pub2 · Cited by 62
Zhang, T., Jing, X., Zhao, X., Wang, C., Liu, Z., Zhou, Y., Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.06.014 · Cited by 59
Increased Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Patients After Transient Ischemic Attack
Kiphuth, I. C., Utz, K. S., Noble, A. J., Köhrmann, M., & Schenk, T. (2014) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.113.004459 · Cited by 59
Frequency and predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder after stroke: A pilot study
Favrole, P., Jehel, L., Lévy, P., Descombes, S., Muresan, I.-P., Manifacier, M.-J., & Alamowitch, S. (2013) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.02.001 · Cited by 57
Anger, hostility and aggression in the first days of acute stroke
Santos, C. O., Caeiro, L., Ferro, J. M., Albuquerque, R. I. D. S. S., & Figueira, M. L. (2006) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01242.x · Cited by 56
Self-citationMood and cognitive effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in post-stroke depression
Bueno, V. F., Brunoni, A. R., Boggio, P. S., Bensenor, I. M., & Fregni, F. (2011) · Neurocase · doi:10.1080/13554794.2010.509319 · Cited by 56
Psychological Factors Determine Depressive Symptomatology After Stroke
van Mierlo, M. L., van Heugten, C. M., Post, M. W., de Kort, P. L., & Visser-Meily, J. M. (2015) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2015.01.022 · Cited by 56
Apathy in acute stroke patients
Caeiro, L., Ferro, J. M., & Figueira, M. L. (2011) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03508.x · Cited by 55
Self-citationNeuroanatomic Pathways Associated with Poststroke Affective and Apathetic Depression
Murakami, T., Hama, S., Yamashita, H., Onoda, K., Kobayashi, M., Kanazawa, J., Yamawaki, S., & Kurisu, K. (2013) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2013.01.057 · Cited by 55
Apathy and functional recovery following first-ever stroke
Santa, N., Sugimori, H., Kusuda, K., Yamashita, Y., Ibayashi, S., & Iida, M. (2008) · International Journal of Rehabilitation Research · doi:10.1097/mrr.0b013e3282fc0f0e · Cited by 55
The circuitry of abulia: Insights from functional connectivity MRI
Siegel, J. S., Snyder, A. Z., Metcalf, N. V., Fucetola, R. P., Hacker, C. D., Shimony, J. S., Shulman, G. L., & Corbetta, M. (2014) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2014.09.012 · Cited by 54
Cerebral Microbleeds and Depression in Lacunar Stroke
Tang, W. K., Chen, Y. K., Lu, J. Y., Chu, C. W., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2011) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.111.614586 · Cited by 54
Double-Blind Treatment of Apathy in Patients with Poststroke Depression Using Nefiracetam
Robinson, R. G., Jorge, R. E., Clarence-Smith, K., & STARKSTEIN, S. E. (2009) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21.2.144 · Cited by 53
Hinojosa, R., Haun, J. N., Hinojosa, M. S., & Rittman, M. (2011) · Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation · doi:10.1310/tsr1801-79 · Cited by 53
Effect of donepezil on emergence of apathy in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease
Waldemar, G., Gauthier, S. G., Jones, R. W., Wilkinson, D. G., Cummings, J. L., López, O. L., Zhang, R. H., Xu, Y., Sun, Y., Knox, S., et al. (2010) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.2507 · Cited by 53
Self-help relaxation for post-stroke anxiety: a randomised, controlled pilot study
Golding, K., Kneebone, I., & Fife‐Schaw, C. (2015) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/0269215515575746 · Cited by 52
Transient Ischemic Attack and Incident Depression
Luijendijk, H. J., Stricker, B. H. C., Wieberdink, R. G., Koudstaal, P. J., Albert Hofman, D., Breteler, M. M. B., & Tiemeier, H. W. (2011) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.110.604405 · Cited by 50
A Study of Suicidal Thoughts in Acute Stroke Patients
Santos, C. O., Caeiro, L., Ferro, J. M., & Figueira, M. L. (2011) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2011.04.001 · Cited by 49
Self-citationMeta analysis of the curative effect of acupuncture on post-stroke depression
ZHANG, G.-C., Fu, W., Xu, N., Liu, J., Zhu, X., Liang, Z., Huang, Y., & Chen, Y. (2012) · 中医杂志:英文版 · doi:10.1016/s0254-6272(12)60024-7 · Cited by 49
The Longitudinal Course of Post-Stroke Apathy Over Five Years
Brodaty, H., Liu, Z., Withall, A., & Sachdev, P. S. (2013) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.12040080 · Cited by 47
Visser, M. M., Heijenbrok‐Kal, M. H., Spijker, A. V., Oostra, K. M., Busschbach, J. J. V., & Ribbers, G. M. (2015) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2015.04.007 · Cited by 47
Post-Stroke Apathy: An Exploratory Longitudinal Study
Caeiro, L., Ferro, J. M., Melo, T. P. E., Canhão, P., & Figueira, M. L. (2013) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000350202 · Cited by 45
Self-citationPrevention of Poststroke Apathy Using Escitalopram or Problem-Solving Therapy
Mikami, K., Jorge, R. E., Moser, D. J., Arndt, S. V., Jang, M., Solodkin, A., Small, S. L., Fonzetti, P., Hegel, M. T., & Robinson, R. G. (2013) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2012.07.003 · Cited by 44
Homocysteine as a potential biochemical marker for depression in elderly stroke survivors
Pascoe, M. C., Crewther, S. G., Carey, L. M., Noonan, K., Crewther, D. P., & Linden, T. K. A. (2012) · Food & Nutrition Research · doi:10.3402/fnr.v56i0.14973 · Cited by 43
Successful treatment of post-stroke apathy by the dopamine receptor agonist ropinirole
Kohno, N., Abe, S., Toyoda, G., Oguro, H., Bokura, H., & Yamaguchi, S. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2009.09.043 · Cited by 43
Psychological and Psychiatric Triggers and Risk Factors for Stroke
Guiraud, V., & Touzé, E. (2013) · Neuropsychiatric symptoms of neurological disease · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2428-3_12 · Cited by 43
Zhang, P., Xu, Q., Dai, J., Wang, J., Zhang, N., & Luo, Y. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/846830 · Cited by 42
The Association between Depression, Suicidal Ideation, and Stroke in a Population-Based Sample
Fuller‐Thomson, E., Tulipano, M. J., & Song, M. W. (2012) · International Journal of Stroke · doi:10.1111/j.1747-4949.2011.00702.x · Cited by 42
Location of Infarcts and Apathy in Ischemic Stroke
Tang, W. K., Chen, Y. K., Liang, H., Chu, C. W., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2013) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000351152 · Cited by 42
Compelling Evidence that Exposure Therapy for PTSD Normalizes Brain Function
Roy, M. J., Costanzo, M. E., Blair, J., & Rizzo, A. (2014) · Studies in health technology and informatics · doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-401-5-61 · Cited by 41
Neuropsychiatric disturbances in acute subarachnoid haemorrhage
Caeiro, L., Santos, C. O., Ferro, J. M., & Figueira, M. L. (2010) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03271.x · Cited by 40
Self-citationIs Pain Associated With Suicidality in Stroke?
Tang, W. K., Liang, H., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2012) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2012.11.044 · Cited by 39
Pavlovic, A. M., Pekmezovic, T. D., Trajković, J. Z., Švabić, T., Veselinovic, N., Radojičić, A., Mijajlovic, M. D., Tomić, G., Jovanović, Z., Norton, M., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.4289 · Cited by 39
Sami, M. B., & Faruqui, R. A. (2015) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/neu.2015.17 · Cited by 37
Relaxation training after stroke: potential to reduce anxiety
Kneebone, I., Walker-Samuel, N., Swanston, J., & Otto, E. (2014) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.3109/09638288.2013.808275 · Cited by 36
Voxel-Based Analysis of Fractional Anisotropy in Post-Stroke Apathy
Yang, S., Shang, X.-Y., Tao, J., Liu, J., & Hua, P. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0116168 · Cited by 36
Double-Blind Treatment of Apathy in Patients with Poststroke Depression Using Nefiracetam
Robinson, R. G., Jorge, R. E., Clarence‐Smith, K., et al. (2009) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/jnp.2009.21.2.144 · Cited by 36
Association between high serum total bilirubin and post‐stroke depression
Tang, W. K., Liang, H., Chu, C. W., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2013) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.12051 · Cited by 35
Frontal Infarcts and Anxiety in Stroke
Tang, W. K., Chen, Y., Lu, J., Liang, H., Chu, C. W., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2012) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.111.640482 · Cited by 35
(2002) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e522902004-001 · Cited by 35
Death by Suicide and Other Externally Caused Injuries After Stroke in Japan (1990–2010)
Yamauchi, T., Inagaki, M., Yonemoto, N., Iwasaki, M., Inoue, M., Akechi, T., Iso, H., & Tsugane, S. (2014) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000079 · Cited by 33
Is Insomnia Associated With Suicidality in Stroke?
Tang, W. K., Lu, J., Liang, H., Chan, T.-T., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2011) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.06.030 · Cited by 32
Training to Optimize Learning After Traumatic Brain Injury
Skidmore, E. R. (2015) · Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports · doi:10.1007/s40141-015-0081-6 · Cited by 29
Neuropsychiatric disturbance after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Wong, G. K. C., Lam, S. W., Chan, S. S. M., Lai, M., Tse, P. P. P., Mok, V., Poon, W. S., & Wong, A. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2014.02.018 · Cited by 29
Wu, K.-Y., Liu, C.-Y., Chau, Y., & Chang, C. (2010) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181cabab1 · Cited by 28
Tang, W. K., Chen, Y., Lu, J., Chu, C. W., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2010) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2010.08.007 · Cited by 27
Apathy Among Institutionalized Stroke Patients: Prevalence and Clinical Correlates
van Almenkerk, S., Smalbrugge, M., Depla, M. F. I. A., Eefsting, J. A., & Hertogh, C. M. P. M. (2014) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2014.03.011 · Cited by 26
Votruba, K., Rapport, L. J., Whitman, R. D., Johnson, A., & Langenecker, S. A. (2013) · Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation · doi:10.1310/tsr2005-421 · Cited by 26
Effectiveness and safety of Wuling capsule for post stroke depression: A systematic review
Peng, L., Zhang, X., Kang, D., Liu, X., & Qi, H. Y. (2014) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2014.04.005 · Cited by 26
Neuropathologic Features of Suicide Victims Who Presented With Acute Poststroke Depression
Nishida, N., Hata, Y., Yoshida, K., & Kinoshita, K. (2015) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0000000000000184 · Cited by 24
Wu, R.-H., Li, Q., Tan, Y., Liu, X., & Huang, J. B. (2014) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-014-1794-5 · Cited by 24
Herrmann, N., Seitz, D. P., Fischer, H. D., Saposnik, G., Calzavara, A. J., Anderson, G., & Rochon, P. A. (2011) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.2663 · Cited by 23
Cerebral Microbleeds as a Predictor of 1-Year Outcome of Poststroke Depression
Tang, W. K., Chen, Y., Liang, H., Chu, C. W., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2013) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.113.002686 · Cited by 23
Apathy and suicide-related ideation 3 months after stroke: a cross-sectional study
Tang, W. K., Caeiro, L., Lau, C. G., Liang, H., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2015) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-015-0323-3 · Cited by 23
Self-citationDelayed atrophy in posterior cingulate cortex and apathy after stroke
Matsuoka, K., Yasuno, F., Taguchi, A., Yamamoto, A., Kajimoto, K., Kazui, H., Kudo, T., Sekiyama, A., Kitamura, S., Kiuchi, K., et al. (2014) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.4185 · Cited by 21
Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene polymorphisms and poststroke anxiety disorders
Chi, S., Teng, L., Song, J., Zhou, C., Pan, W., Zhao, R., & Zhang, C. (2012) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.05.017 · Cited by 21
Peritraumatic distress predicts acute posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms after a first stroke.
Letamendia, C., LeBlanc, N., Pariente, J., Simon, N., Thomas, C. L., Chabrol, H., Chollet, F., Raposo, N., Schmitt, L., Birmes, P., et al. (2012) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.03.011 · Cited by 20
Afanasiev, S., Aharon-Peretz, J., & Granot, M. (2013) · The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2013.04.012 · Cited by 17
Successful use of ECT in post-stroke depression
Harmandayan, M., Romanowicz, M., & Sola, C. L. (2011) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.08.006 · Cited by 16
Autret, K., Arnould, A., Mathieu, S. J., & Azouvi, P. (2013) · BMJ Case Reports · doi:10.1136/bcr-2012-007816 · Cited by 16
Habib, M. (2000) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511722110.010 · Cited by 16
Yasuno, F., Taguchi, A., Yamamoto, A., Kajimoto, K., Kazui, H., Kudo, T., Kikuchi‐Taura, A., Sekiyama, A., Kishimoto, T., Iida, H., et al. (2014) · Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1111/psyg.12084 · Cited by 15
Linking MRI to daily life experience
Lassalle-Lagadec, S., Michèle Allard, A., Dilharreguy, B., Schweitzer, P., Swendsen, J. D., & Sibon, I. (2012) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e31824528b2 · Cited by 15
Depression in context of low neuroticism is a risk factor for stroke
Marijnissen, R. M., Wouts, L., Schoevers, R. A., Bremmer, M. A., Beekman, A. T. F., Comijs, H. C., & Voshaar, R. C. O. (2014) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000955 · Cited by 15
The Association between Serum Leptin and Post Stroke Depression: Results from a Cohort Study
Li, Y.-T., Zhao, Y., Zhang, H.-J., & Zhao, W. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103137 · Cited by 15
A Review of Current Bipolar Disorder Treatment Guidelines
Podawiltz, A. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.10060tx2cc · Cited by 15
Cerebral Microbleeds and Suicidality in Stroke
Tang, W. K., Chen, Y. K., Liang, H. J., Chu, C. W., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2012) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/j.psym.2012.04.001 · Cited by 12
ImProving Outcomes after STroke (POST): Results from the Randomized Clinical Pilot Trial
Hackett, M. L., Carter, G. L., Crimmins, D. S., Clarke, T., Arblaster, L. A., Billot, L., Mysore, J., & Sturm, J. W. (2012) · International Journal of Stroke · doi:10.1111/j.1747-4949.2012.00913.x · Cited by 11
Pontine Microbleeds and Depression in Stroke
Tang, W. K., Liu, X. X., Chen, Y. K., Abrigo, J., Chu, C. W., Mok, V., Ungvari, G. S., & Wong, K. S. (2014) · Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology · doi:10.1177/0891988714522699 · Cited by 11
Piechowski‐Jóźwiak, B., & Bogousslavsky, J. (2012) · Monographs in clinical neuroscience/Frontiers of neurology and neuroscience/Monographs in neural sciences · doi:10.1159/000333410 · Cited by 9
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Cerebrovascular Diseases
Ferro, J. M. (2013) · Neuropsychiatric symptoms of neurological disease · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2428-3 · Cited by 8
Self-citationRevisión sistemática de la prevalencia y factores asociados a la ira tras un ictus
Ramos-Perdigués, S., Mané-Santacana, A., & Pintor, L. (2015) · Revista de Neurología · doi:10.33588/rn.6011.2015006 · Cited by 7
Anxiety Disturbances in Stroke Patients
Vataja, R., & Kaste, M. (2013) · Neuropsychiatric symptoms of neurological disease · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2428-3_5 · Cited by 2
Carota, A., Bogousslavsky, J., & Calabrese, P. (2013) · Neuropsychiatric symptoms of neurological disease · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2428-3_8 · Cited by 2
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Ishikawa, S. & Raine, A. in Neuropsychiatry (eds Schiffer, R. B. et al.) 660–678 (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Intracerebral hemorrhage outcome: A comprehensive update
Pinho, J., Costa, A. S., Araújo, J. M., Amorim, J. M., & Ferreira, C. O. (2019) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2019.01.013 · Cited by 226
Poststroke Cognitive Impairment Negatively Impacts Activity and Participation Outcomes
Stolwyk, R. J., Mihaljcic, T., Wong, D. K., Chapman, J. E., & Rogers, J. M. (2021) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.120.032215 · Cited by 169
Critical Role of Nrf2 in Experimental Ischemic Stroke
Liu, L., Locascio, L. M., & Doré, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00153 · Cited by 160
Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology
Ribeiro, D. E., Oliveira-Giacomelli, Á., Glaser, T., Arnaud-Sampaio, V. F., Andrejew, R., Dieckmann, L., Baranova, J., Lameu, C., Ratajczak, M. Z., & Ulrich, H. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00965-3 · Cited by 145
N 6 -methyladenosine demethylases Alkbh5/Fto regulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury
Xu, K., Mo, Y., Li, D., Yu, Q., Wang, L., Lin, F., Kong, C., Balelang, M. F., Zhang, A., Chen, S., et al. (2020) · Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease · doi:10.1177/2040622320916024 · Cited by 133
Metadata
- Authors
- Ferro, J. M., Caeiro, L., & Figueira, M. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Lisbon (PT)
- Corresponding author
- Ferro, José M.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Neurology
- Published
- 2016-04-11
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 269-280
- ISSN
- 1759-4758 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-4766
- OpenAlex
- W2318998344
- Cited by
- 237
- References
- 168
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 2.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- stroke, neuropsychiatric sequelae, depression, anxiety, apathy, stroke survivors, psychological distress, cerebral small vessel disease, stroke location, functional MRI, biomarkers, pathophysiology, screening, quality of life, caregiver burden
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Personality Disorders, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Survivors, Stroke, Apathy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review