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Role of peripheral nerve fibres in acute and chronic inflammation in arthritis
Abstract
The peripheral nervous system takes an active part in inflammatory processes by regulating effector cell function and reallocation of energy to the immune system. During acute inflammation, rapid neuronal reorganization and change of activity takes place. The hallmarks of this process are an increase in systemic sympathetic activity, a decrease in systemic parasympathetic activity and loss of sympathetic nerve fibres from sites of inflammation concomitant with increased innervation with sensory nerve fibres and increased sensory nerve fibre activity. On a systemic level, the increase in sympathetic activity (and decrease in parasympathetic activity) is necessary to provide enough energy to nourish the activated immune system. In locally inflamed tissue, the decrease in sympathetic nerve fibre density results in reduced anti-inflammatory signalling and, together with neuropeptides released from sensory nerve fibres, promotes local inflammation. In acute inflammation, this 'inflammatory configuration' of the peripheral nervous system favours the rapid clearance of antigenic threats. However, in chronic autoimmune inflammation, these changes of the peripheral nervous system lead to an unfavourable situation with ongoing energy reallocation and continuous local destruction. As an example of a chronic inflammatory condition, we discuss evidence for neuroimmune regulation in autoimmune arthritis with a focus on the sympathetic nervous system.
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“This can also be the reason for a disease-propagating role of the SNS in animal models of arthritis (summarized in [116]).”
From Interaction of the endocrine system with inflammation: a function of energy and volume regulation (2014) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“However, it was observed that local density of sympathetic nerve fibers is markedly reduced in inflamed tissue of different CIDs and in secondary lymphoid organs of animals with CIDs, which is a pro-inflammatory signal recently summarized [116].”
From Interaction of the endocrine system with inflammation: a function of energy and volume regulation (2014) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“Since sympathetic neurotransmitters can have anti-inflammatory effects on monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, neutrophils, and T helper type 1 lymphocytes via β2-adrenergic receptors, increased activity of the SNS might be favorable in local inflammation [116].”
From Interaction of the endocrine system with inflammation: a function of energy and volume regulation (2014) · cites this paper as [116]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Pongratz, G., & Straub, R. H.
- Affiliations
- University Hospital Regensburg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Straub, Rainer H.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Rheumatology
- Published
- 2012-11-13
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 117-126
- ISSN
- 1759-4790 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-4804
- OpenAlex
- W2033176002
- Cited by
- 149
- References
- 104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 0.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Rheumatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- peripheral nervous system, neuroimmune regulation, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, autoimmune arthritis, sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, sensory nerve fibers, sympathetic denervation, neuropeptides, energy reallocation
- MeSH terms
- Acute Disease, Arthritis, Chronic Disease, Humans, Immune System, Inflammation, Nerve Fibers, Peripheral Nerves
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