Effects of Post‐absorptive and Postprandial Exercise on Glucoregulation in Metabolic Syndrome
Open accessAbstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an acute exercise bout in the morning in the post‐absorptive or postprandial state on the glycemic and insulinemic response to three standardized meals throughout the day. It is hypothesized that post‐absorptive exercise enhances fat oxidation rate during exercise and thereafter attenuates the glucose and insulin response to subsequent meals. Research Methods and Procedures: Seven sedentary males with metabolic syndrome (age, 45 ± 11 years; BMI, 34 ± 3 kg/m 2) were studied in a crossover design comparing three conditions: no exercise, postprandial and post‐absorptive exercise (at ∼60% of the individual V̇O 2max for 45 minutes). Substrate use was evaluated by indirect calorimetry during exercise. Venous blood samples were taken at regular (30‐ to 60‐minute) intervals throughout the day, and glucose, insulin, and triglyceride concentrations were determined. Results: During exercise, a higher fat oxidation rate was observed in the post‐absorptive than the postprandial state. The glycemic response to a standardized high‐carbohydrate breakfast was lower when exercising after breakfast than when exercising before breakfast. There was no effect of either exercise mode on glucose and insulin response to lunch and supper. Discussion: Post‐absorptive exercise has the advantage of promoting fat use, whereas postprandial exercise can attenuate the glycemic response to breakfast. Neither exercise mode acutely induces improved glucoregulation later during the day. The impact of meal timing on the effects of regular exercise training on glycemic control in this population remains to be studied.
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Previous studies by Larsen et al. (1997, 1999) and Derave et al. (2007) reported minimal acute effects of moderate- to high-intensity exercise on glycaemic control in populations with type 2 diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome.
“These findings align with previous studies by Larsen et al. (1997, 1999) and (Derave et al., 2007), who reported minimal acute effects of moderate‐ to high‐intensity exercise on glycaemic control in populations with type 2 diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome.”
From Acute systemic and energy metabolism responses to velocity-based resistance training following an oral glucose load in individuals with excess body weight (2026) · cites this paper as Derave et al., 2007
The Discussion reports that moderate exercise in metabolic syndrome had limited effects on circulating glucose and insulin, and that neither exercise condition changed responses to a meal 3–4 hours later. The Introduction likewise reports no benefit from moderate- or high-intensity exercise in type 2 diabetes when glucose response was measured at a subsequent meal. The claim omits that timing condition and thus overgeneralizes the finding to acute glycaemic control; the Introduction also says exercise can acutely attenuate hyperglycemia. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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“These findings align with previous studies by Larsen et al. (1997, 1999) and (Derave et al., 2007), who reported minimal acute effects of moderate-to high-intensity exercise on glycaemic control in populations with type 2 diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome.”
- Authors
- Derave, W., Mertens, A., Muls, E., Pardaens, K., & Hespel, P.
- Affiliations
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Derave, Wim
- Hespel, Peter
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 704-711
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- OpenAlex
- W2025969641
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Vlaamse regering
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- postprandial exercise, metabolic syndrome, glucoregulation, glycemic response, insulin response, fat oxidation, substrate utilization, meal timing, sedentary men, breakfast
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Eating, Humans, Insulin, Intestinal Absorption, Male, Middle Aged, Exercise, Postprandial Period, Metabolic Syndrome
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