Regulatory T cells trigger effector T cell DNA damage and senescence caused by metabolic competition
Open accessAbstract
Defining the suppressive mechanisms used by regulatory T (Treg) cells is critical for the development of effective strategies for treating tumors and chronic infections. The molecular processes that occur in responder T cells that are suppressed by Treg cells are unclear. Here we show that human Treg cells initiate DNA damage in effector T cells caused by metabolic competition during cross-talk, resulting in senescence and functional changes that are molecularly distinct from anergy and exhaustion. ERK1/2 and p38 signaling cooperate with STAT1 and STAT3 to control Treg-induced effector T-cell senescence. Human Treg-induced T-cell senescence can be prevented via inhibition of the DNA damage response and/or STAT signaling in T-cell adoptive transfer mouse models. These studies identify molecular mechanisms of human Treg cell suppression and indicate that targeting Treg-induced T-cell senescence is a checkpoint for immunotherapy against cancer and other diseases associated with Treg cells.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Many factors in the tumor microenvironment, including cAMP, glucose competition, and oncogenic stress, can induce senescence of T cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells.
“The role of immunosenescence in tumors is sophisticated: the many factors involved include cAMP, glucose competition, and oncogenic stress in the tumor microenvironment, which can induce the senescence of T cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells.”
From Immunosenescence: a key player in cancer development (2020) · cites this paper as [53]
Tumor cells activate the PKA-CREB and P38 pathways by producing cAMP, thereby causing DNA damage and senescence of T cells.
“In addition, tumor cells activate the PKA-CREB and P38 pathways by producing cAMP, thereby causing DNA damage and senescence of T cells [51, 53, 58–63].”
From Immunosenescence: a key player in cancer development (2020) · cites this paper as [53]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
PD-1 and PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Blockade to Treat Breast Cancer
Hartkopf, A. D., Taran, F., Wallwiener, M., Walter, C. B., Krämer, B., Grischke, E., & Brucker, S. Y. (2016) · Breast Care · doi:10.1159/000453569 · Cited by 30,989 · see citing works
The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy
Pardoll, D. M. (2012) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc3239 · Cited by 13,838 · see citing works
Molecular and cellular insights into T cell exhaustion
Wherry, E. J., & Kurachi, M. (2015) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3862 · Cited by 4,652 · see citing works
Cellular senescence: when bad things happen to good cells
Campisi, J., & d'Adda di Fagagna, F. (2007) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2233 · Cited by 4,441 · see citing works
Vignali, D. A. A., Collison, L. W., & Workman, C. J. (2008) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2343 · Cited by 3,463 · see citing works
Watterson, K. R., Bestow, D., Gallagher, J. R., Hamilton, D. L., Ashford, F. B., Meakin, P. J., & Ashford, M. L. J. (2012) · Neurosignals · doi:10.1159/000334144 · Cited by 3,395 · see citing works
Metabolic Competition in the Tumor Microenvironment Is a Driver of Cancer Progression
Chang, C.-H., Qiu, J., O’Sullivan, D., Buck, M. D., Noguchi, T., Curtis, J. D., Chen, Q., Gindin, M., Gubin, M. M., van der Windt, G. J. W., et al. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.08.016 · Cited by 3,331 · see citing works
Sakaguchi, S. (2003) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141122 · Cited by 3,293 · see citing works
Persistent DNA damage signalling triggers senescence-associated inflammatory cytokine secretion
Rodier, F., Coppé, J.-P., Patil, C. K., Hoeijmakers, W. A. M., Muñoz, D. P., Raza, S. R., Freund, A., Campeau, E., Davalos, A. R., & Campisi, J. (2009) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1909 · Cited by 2,232 · see citing works
Molecular Signature of CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion during Chronic Viral Infection
Wherry, E. J., Ha, S.-J., Kaech, S. M., Haining, W. N., Sarkar, S., Kalia, V., Subramaniam, S., Blattman, J. N., Barber, D. L., & Ahmed, R. (2007) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2007.09.006 · Cited by 2,103 · see citing works
CD4+CD25+ suppressor T cells: more questions than answers
Shevach, E. M. (2002) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri821 · Cited by 2,097 · see citing works
Oncogene-Induced Senescence Relayed by an Interleukin-Dependent Inflammatory Network
Kuilman, T., Michaloglou, C., Vredeveld, L. C. W., Douma, S., van Doorn, R., Desmet, C. J., Aarden, L. A., Mooi, W. J., & Peeper, D. S. (2008) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.03.039 · Cited by 2,086 · see citing works
Blackburn, S. D., Shin, H., Haining, W. N., Zou, T., Workman, C. J., Polley, A., Betts, M. R., Freeman, G. J., Vignali, D. A. A., & Wherry, E. J. (2009) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1679 · Cited by 2,062 · see citing works
Mechanisms of Foxp3+ T Regulatory Cell-Mediated Suppression
Shevach, E. M. (2009) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.04.010 · Cited by 1,754 · see citing works
Molecular Signature of CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion during Chronic Viral Infection
Wherry, E. J., Ha, S., Kaech, S. M., Haining, W. N., Sarkar, S., Kalia, V., Subramaniam, S., Blattman, J. N., Barber, D. L., & Ahmed, R. (2007) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2007.11.006 · Cited by 1,355 · see citing works
Fourcade, J., Sun, Z., Benallaoua, M., Guillaume, P., Luescher, I. F., Sander, C., Kirkwood, J. M., Kuchroo, V., & Zarour, H. M. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20100637 · Cited by 1,307 · see citing works
Macintyre, A. N., Gerriets, V. A., Nichols, A., Michalek, R. D., Rudolph, M. C., Deoliveira, D., Anderson, S. M., Abel, E. D., Chen, B. J., Hale, L. P., et al. (2014) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.05.004 · Cited by 1,129 · see citing works
Brenchley, J. M., Karandikar, N. J., Betts, M. R., Ambrozak, D. R., Hill, B. J., Crotty, L. E., Casazza, J. P., Kuruppu, J., Migueles, S. A., Connors, M., et al. (2003) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2002-07-2103 · Cited by 1,073 · see citing works
Ras-induced interleukin-8 expression plays a critical role in tumor growth and angiogenesis
Sparmann, A., & Bar‐Sagi, D. (2004) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2004.09.028 · Cited by 854 · see citing works
Jacobs, S. R., Herman, C. E., MacIver, N. J., Wofford, J. A., Wieman, H. L., Hammen, J. J., & Rathmell, J. C. (2008) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.180.7.4476 · Cited by 853 · see citing works
Exhaustion of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in metastases from melanoma patients
Baitsch, L., Baumgaertner, P., Devêvre, E., Raghav, S. K., Legat, A., Barba, L., Wieckowski, S., Bouzourene, H., Deplancke, B., Romero, P., et al. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci46102 · Cited by 845 · see citing works
Use of Cells Expressing γ Subunit Variants to Identify Diverse Mechanisms of AMPK Activation
Hawley, S. A., Ross, F. A., Chevtzoff, C., Green, K. A., Evans, A., Fogarty, S., Towler, M. C., Brown, L. J., Ogunbayo, O. A., Evans, A. M., et al. (2010) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2010.04.001 · Cited by 773 · see citing works
T cell anergy, exhaustion, senescence, and stemness in the tumor microenvironment
Crespo, J., Sun, H., Welling, T. H., Tian, Z., & Zou, W. (2013) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2012.12.003 · Cited by 752 · see citing works
Toll-Like Receptor 8-Mediated Reversal of CD4 + Regulatory T Cell Function
Peng, G., Guo, Z., Kiniwa, Y., Voo, K. S., Peng, W., Fu, T., Wang, D. Y., Li, Y., Wang, H. Y., & Wang, R. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1113401 · Cited by 748 · see citing works
Self-citationRegulatory T cells and infection: a dangerous necessity
Belkaid, Y. (2007) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2189 · Cited by 746 · see citing works
Ebert, P. J. R., Cheung, J., Yang, Y., McNamara, E., Hong, R., Moskalenko, M., Gould, S. E., Maecker, H., Irving, B. A., Kim, J. M., et al. (2016) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.01.024 · Cited by 713 · see citing works
Quezada, S. A. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci27745 · Cited by 700 · see citing works
Transcriptional Mechanisms Underlying Lymphocyte Tolerance
Macián, F., Garcia-Cozar, F. J., Im, S., Horton, H. F., Byrne, M. C., & Rao, A. (2002) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(02)00767-5 · Cited by 687 · see citing works
Zhou, Q., Munger, M. E., Veenstra, R. G., Weigel, B. J., Hirashima, M., Munn, D. H., Murphy, W. J., Azuma, M., Anderson, A. C., Kuchroo, V. K., et al. (2011) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2010-10-310425 · Cited by 675 · see citing works
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a key component of regulatory T cell–mediated suppression
Bopp, T., Becker, C., Klein, M., Klein‐Hessling, S., Palmetshofer, A., Serfling, E., Heib, V., Becker, M., Kubach, J., Schmitt, S., et al. (2007) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20062129 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Metabolic control of type 1 regulatory T cell differentiation by AHR and HIF1-α
Mascanfroni, I. D., Takenaka, M. C., Yeste, A., Patel, B., Wu, Y., Kenison, J. E., Siddiqui, S., Basso, A. S., Otterbein, L. E., Pardoll, D. M., et al. (2015) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3868 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
CD28 extinction in human T cells: altered functions and the program of T‐cell senescence
Vallejo, A. N. (2005) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00256.x · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Wofford, J. A., Wieman, H. L., Jacobs, S. R., Zhao, Y., & Rathmell, J. C. (2007) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2007-06-096297 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Oncogenic Ras-induced secretion of IL6 is required for tumorigenesis
Ancrile, B., Lim, K.-H., & Counter, C. M. (2007) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1549407 · Cited by 422 · see citing works
Maintenance of Human T Cell Anergy: Blocking of IL-2 Gene Transcription by Activated Rap1
Boussiotis, V. A., Freeman, G. J., Berezovskaya, A., Barber, D. L., & Nadler, L. M. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.278.5335.124 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Peng, G., Wang, H. Y., Peng, W., Kiniwa, Y., Seo, K. H., & Wang, R. (2007) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2007.05.020 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Self-citationRegulatory T-cell inhibition versus depletion: the right choice in cancer immunotherapy
Colombo, M. P., & Piconese, S. (2007) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc2250 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Wang, W., Chen, J. X., Liao, R., Deng, Q., Zhou, J. J., Huang, S., & Sun, P. (2002) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.22.10.3389-3403.2002 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Lanna, A., Henson, S. M., Escors, D., & Akbar, A. N. (2014) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.2981 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Anandasabapathy (2003) · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00084-0 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Regulatory T cells and treatment of cancer
Curiel, T. J. (2008) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2008.04.008 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Kavanagh, B., O'Brien, S., Lee, D., Hou, Y., Weinberg, V., Rini, B., Allison, J. P., Small, E. J., & Fong, L. (2008) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2007-11-125435 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Tumor-Infiltrating γδ T Lymphocytes Predict Clinical Outcome in Human Breast Cancer
Ma, C., Zhang, Q., Ye, J., Wang, F., Zhang, Y., Wevers, E., Schwartz, T. L., Hunborg, P., Varvares, M. A., Hoft, D. F., et al. (2012) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1201892 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Self-citationYe, J., Ma, C., Hsueh, E. C., Eickhoff, C. S., Zhang, Y., Varvares, M. A., Hoft, D. F., & Peng, G. (2013) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1202369 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman regulatory T cells induce T-lymphocyte senescence
Ye, J., Huang, X., Hsueh, E. C., Zhang, Q., Ma, C., Zhang, Y., Varvares, M. A., Hoft, D. F., & Peng, G. (2012) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2012-03-416040 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Self-citationEtoposide Induces ATM-Dependent Mitochondrial Biogenesis through AMPK Activation
Fu, X., Wan, S., Lyu, Y. L., Liu, L. F., & Qi, H. (2008) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002009 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Powell, D. J., Felipe-Silva, A., Merino, M. J., Ahmadzadeh, M., Allen, T., Levy, C. L., White, D. E., Mavroukakis, S. A., Kreitman, R. J., Rosenberg, S. A., et al. (2007) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.179.7.4919 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
TLR8 signaling enhances tumor immunity by preventing tumor‐induced T‐cell senescence
Ye, J., Ma, C., Hsueh, E. C., Dou, J., Mo, W., Liu, S., Han, B., Huang, Y., Zhang, Y., Varvares, M. A., et al. (2014) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.15252/emmm.201403918 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Self-citationInflammatory signaling and cellular senescence
Ren, J., Pan, J., Lu, Y.-P., Sun, P., & Han, J. (2008) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.10.011 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Nutrient Competition: A New Axis of Tumor Immunosuppression
Sukumar, M., Roychoudhuri, R., & Restifo, N. P. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.08.064 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Molecular profiling to identify relevant immune resistance mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment
Gajewski, T. F., Fuertes, M. B., Spaapen, R. M., Zheng, Y., & Kline, J. P. (2010) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2010.11.013 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Zheng, Y., Zha, Y., Driessens, G., Locke, F. L., & Gajewski, T. F. (2012) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20120342 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Effros, R. B. (1998) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/301845 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Specific Recruitment of γδ Regulatory T Cells in Human Breast Cancer
Ye, J., Ma, C., Wang, F., Hsueh, E. C., Tóth, K., Huang, Y., Mo, W., Liu, S., Han, B., Varvares, M. A., et al. (2013) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-0348 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationHeffner, M., & Fearon, D. T. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0706040104 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
p38α and p38γ Mediate Oncogenic ras-induced Senescence through Differential Mechanisms
Kwong, J., Hong, L., Liao, R., Deng, Q., Han, J., & Sun, P. (2009) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m808327200 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Ye, J., Su, X., Hsueh, E. C., Zhang, Y., Koenig, J. M., Hoft, D. F., & Peng, G. (2011) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201040682 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationControlling T cell senescence in the tumor microenvironment for tumor immunotherapy
Ye, J., & Peng, G. (2015) · OncoImmunology · doi:10.4161/2162402x.2014.994398 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationDNA damage-induced cellular senescence is sufficient to suppress tumorigenesis: a mouse model
Van Nguyen, T., Puebla-Osorio, N., Pang, H., Dujka, M. E., & Zhu, C. (2007) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20062453 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Yu, Y.-C., Yang, P., Chuah, Q.-Y., Huang, Y.-H., Peng, C.-W., Lee, Y., & Chiu, S.-J. (2013) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep01675 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
GRAIL: a unique mediator of CD4 T‐lymphocyte unresponsiveness
Whiting, C. C., Su, L., Lin, J. T., & Fathman, C. G. (2010) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07922.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Powell, D. J., de Vries, C. R., Allen, T., Ahmadzadeh, M., & Rosenberg, S. A. (2007) · Journal of Immunotherapy · doi:10.1097/cji.0b013e3180600ff9 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Jiao, S., Meng, F., Zhang, J. C., Yang, X. W., Zheng, X., & Wang, L. (2011) · Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s11010-011-1197-3 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Distinct Molecular Program Imposed on CD4+ T Cell Targets by CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells
Sukiennicki, T. L., & Fowell, D. J. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.10.6952 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cellular Senescence: Aging, Cancer, and Injury
Calcinotto, A., Kohli, J., Zagato, E., Pellegrini, L., Demaria, M., & Alimonti, A. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00020.2018 · Cited by 1,270 · see citing works
Immunosenescence: molecular mechanisms and diseases
Liu, Z., Liang, Q., Ren, Y., Guo, C., Ge, X., Wang, L., Cheng, Q., Luo, P., Zhang, Y., & Han, X. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01451-2 · Cited by 1,023 · see citing works
Self-citationThe senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its physiological and pathological implications
Wang, B., Han, J., Elisseeff, J. H., & Demaria, M. (2024) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-024-00727-x · Cited by 948 · see citing works
Li, C., Jiang, P., Wei, S., Xu, X., & Wang, J. (2020) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-020-01234-1 · Cited by 935 · see citing works
Immunosenescence: a key player in cancer development
Lian, J., Yue, Y., Yu, W., & Zhang, Y. (2020) · Journal of Hematology & Oncology · doi:10.1186/s13045-020-00986-z · Cited by 510 · see citing works
Self-citationSenescent cell clearance by the immune system: Emerging therapeutic opportunities
Prata, L. G. P. L., Ovsyannikova, I. G., Tchkonia, T., & Kirkland, J. L. (2018) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.smim.2019.04.003 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
Cai, Y., Song, W., Li, J., Jing, Y., Liang, C., Zhang, L., Zhang, X., Zhang, W., Liu, B., An, Y., et al. (2022) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-022-2161-3 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Self-citationExhaustion and senescence: two crucial dysfunctional states of T cells in the tumor microenvironment
Zhao, Y., Shao, Q., & Peng, G. (2020) · Cellular & Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-019-0344-8 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Self-citationMetabolic interventions in the immune response to cancer
O’Sullivan, D., Sanin, D. E., Pearce, E. J., & Pearce, E. L. (2019) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0140-9 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Immunity, Hypoxia, and Metabolism–the Ménage à Trois of Cancer: Implications for Immunotherapy
Riera-Domingo, C., Audigé, A., Granja, S., Cheng, W.-C., Ho, P.-C., Baltazar, F., Stockmann, C., & Mazzone, M. (2020) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00018.2019 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Reprogramming lipid metabolism prevents effector T cell senescence and enhances tumor immunotherapy
Liu, X., Hartman, C. L., Li, L., Albert, C. J., Si, F., Gao, A., Huang, L. J., Zhao, Y., Lin, W., Hsueh, E. C., et al. (2021) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz6314 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Self-citationT cell senescence and CAR-T cell exhaustion in hematological malignancies
Kasakovski, D., Xu, L., & Li, Y. (2018) · Journal of Hematology & Oncology · doi:10.1186/s13045-018-0629-x · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Li, L., Liu, X., Sanders, K. L., Edwards, J. L., Ye, J., Si, F., Gao, A., Huang, L., Hsueh, E. C., Ford, D. A., et al. (2018) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.09.020 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Self-citationYan, Y., Huang, L., Liu, Y., Yi, M., Chu, Q., Jiao, D., & Wu, K. (2022) · Journal of Hematology & Oncology · doi:10.1186/s13045-022-01322-3 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
The Evolving Role of CD8+CD28− Immunosenescent T Cells in Cancer Immunology
Huff, W. X., Kwon, J. H., Henriquez, M., Fetcko, K., & Dey, M. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20112810 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Cellular senescence and the tumour microenvironment
Takasugi, M., Yoshida, Y., & Ohtani, N. (2022) · Molecular Oncology · doi:10.1002/1878-0261.13268 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Senescent T cells: a potential biomarker and target for cancer therapy
Zhang, J., He, T., Xue, L., & Guo, H. (2021) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103409 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Ferrara, R., Naigeon, M., Auclin, É., Duchemann, B., Cassard, L., Jouniaux, J.-M., Boselli, L., Grivel, J., Desnoyer, A., Mezquita, L., et al. (2020) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-1420 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Immune escape: A critical hallmark in solid tumors
Mortezaee, K. (2020) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118110 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Multi-phenotype CRISPR-Cas9 Screen Identifies p38 Kinase as a Target for Adoptive Immunotherapies
Gurusamy, D., Henning, A. N., Yamamoto, T. N., Yu, Z., Zacharakis, N., Krishna, S., Kishton, R. J., Vodnala, S. K., Eidizadeh, A., Jia, L., et al. (2020) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2020.05.004 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Plitas, G., & Rudensky, A. Y. (2020) · Annual Review of Cancer Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030419-033428 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Tang, L., Wu, J., Li, C.-G., Jiang, H., Xu, M., Du, M., Yin, Z., Mei, H., & Hu, Y. (2020) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-3003 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
T cell exhaustion in malignant gliomas
Watowich, M., Gilbert, M. R., & Larion, M. (2023) · Trends in cancer · doi:10.1016/j.trecan.2022.12.008 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
The kinase polypharmacology landscape of clinical PARP inhibitors
Antolín, A. A., Ameratunga, M., Banerji, U., Clarke, P. A., Workman, P., & Al‐Lazikani, B. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59074-4 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Lipids as Regulators of Cellular Senescence
Hamsanathan, S., & Gurkar, A. U. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.796850 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Colucci, M., Sarill, M., Maddalena, M., Valdata, A., Troiani, M., Massarotti, M., Bolis, M., Bressan, S., Kohl, A., Robesti, D., et al. (2025) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2025.05.015 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Salminen, A. (2021) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-021-02123-w · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Almeida, L., Dhillon-LaBrooy, A., Carriche, G. M., Berod, L., & Sparwasser, T. D. (2021) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2021.03.033 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Liu, X., Hoft, D. F., & Peng, G. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci133679 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationHuang, K., Han, Y., Chen, Y., Shen, H., Zeng, S., & Cai, C. (2025) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-024-02205-6 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Cellular senescence, DNA damage, and neuroinflammation in the aging brain
Zhang, W., Sun, H., Wang, X., Dumont, A. S., & Liu, Q. (2024) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2024.04.003 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Lu, Y., Li, Y., Liu, Q. F., Du, P., Du, P., Zhu, F., Han, Y., Liu, X., Liu, X., Wang, X., et al. (2021) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2021.04.041 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, X., Si, F., Bagley, D., Ma, F., Zhang, Y., Tao, Y., Shaw, E. C., & Peng, G. (2022) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2022-005020 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationExtremely Differentiated T Cell Subsets Contribute to Tissue Deterioration During Aging
Soto‐Heredero, G., Heras, M. M. G. D. L., Escrig-Larena, J. I., & Mittelbrunn, M. (2023) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-101721-064501 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Rutella, S., Vadakekolathu, J. N., Mazziotta, F., Reeder, S., Yau, T. O., Mukhopadhyay, R., Dickins, B., Altmann, H., Krämer, M., Knaus, H. A., et al. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci159579 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Ma, F., Liu, X., Zhang, Y., Tao, Y., Zhao, L., Abusalamah, H., Huffman, C., Harbison, R. A., Puram, S. V., Wang, Y., et al. (2025) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adm7269 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citationTargeting cellular senescence in cancer and aging: roles of p53 and its isoforms
Beck, J. A., Turnquist, C., Horikawa, I., & Harris, C. C. (2020) · Carcinogenesis · doi:10.1093/carcin/bgaa071 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Harnessing nanomedicine to overcome the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment
Sun, B., Hyun, H., Li, L., & Wang, A. Z. (2020) · Acta Pharmacologica Sinica · doi:10.1038/s41401-020-0424-4 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, F., Guo, J., Yu, S., Zheng, Y., Duan, M., Zhao, L., Wang, Y., Yang, Z., & Jiang, X. (2024) · 癌症:英文版 · doi:10.1002/cac2.12591 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Tumor-derived ILT4 induces T cell senescence and suppresses tumor immunity
Gao, A., Liu, X., Lin, W., Wang, J., Wang, S., Si, F., Huang, L. J., Zhao, Y., Sun, Y., & Peng, G. (2021) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2020-001536 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of DNA damage repair (DDR) system in response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy
Shi, C., Qin, K., Lin, A., Jiang, A., Cheng, Q., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., & Luo, P. (2022) · Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/s13046-022-02469-0 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Ma, C., Wang, F., Han, B., Zhong, X., Si, F., Ye, J., Hsueh, E. C., Robbins, L., Kiefer, S. M., Zhang, Y., et al. (2018) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-018-0824-y · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationThe diversity of CD8+ T cell dysfunction in cancer and viral infection
Galluzzi, L., Smith, K. N., Liston, A., & Garg, A. D. (2025) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01161-6 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
NK and NKT cells have distinct properties and functions in cancer
Liu, X., Li, L., Si, F., Huang, L., Zhao, Y., Zhang, C., Hoft, D. F., & Peng, G. (2021) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-021-01880-9 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationImmune Aging and Immunotherapy in Cancer
Kaiser, M., Semeraro, M. D., Herrmann, M., Absenger, G., Gerger, A., & Renner, W. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22137016 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Pacella, I., & Piconese, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01889 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Li, J., Nakahata, S., & Iha, H. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25137346 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
The senescence journey in cancer immunoediting
Zingoni, A., Antonangeli, F., Sozzani, S., Santoni, A., Cippitelli, M., & Soriani, A. (2024) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-024-01973-5 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Regulatory T cell metabolism at the intersection between autoimmune diseases and cancer
Kurniawan, H., Soriano‐Baguet, L., & Brenner, D. (2020) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201948470 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Pathogenetic Features and Current Management of Glioblastoma
Nguyen, H.-M., Guz-Montgomery, K., Lowe, D. B., & Saha, D. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13040856 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
P2X7 Receptor Activity Limits Accumulation of T Cells within Tumors
Romagnani, A., Rottoli, E., Mazza, E. M. C., Rezzonico-Jost, T., Conti, B. D. P., Proietti, M., Perotti, M., Civanelli, E., Perruzza, L., Catapano, A. L., et al. (2020) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3807 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Senescence in the Development and Response to Cancer with Immunotherapy: A Double-Edged Sword
Battram, A. M., Bachiller, M., & Martín-Antonio, B. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21124346 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Xue, Q., Peng, W., Zhang, S., Wei, X., Ye, L., Wang, Z.-H., Xiang, X., Liu, Y., Wang, H., & Zhou, Q. (2024) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2024-010040 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Citrate Promotes Excessive Lipid Biosynthesis and Senescence in Tumor Cells for Tumor Therapy
Zhao, Y., Liu, X., Si, F., Huang, L., Gao, A., Lin, W., Hoft, D. F., Shao, Q., & Peng, G. (2021) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202101553 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationSivakumar, S., Abu‐Shah, E., Ahern, D., Arbe-Barnes, E. H., Jainarayanan, A., Mangal, N., Reddy, S., Rendek, A., Easton, A., Kurz, E., et al. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13081776 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
The Importance of Metabolism for Immune Homeostasis in Allergic Diseases
Rodríguez‐Coira, J., Villaseñor, A., Izquierdo, E., Huang, M., Barker‐Tejeda, T. C., Radzikowska, U., Sokołowska, M., & Barber, D. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.692004 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Knowns and Unknowns about CAR-T Cell Dysfunction
Titov, A., Kaminskiy, Y., Ganeeva, I., Zmievskaya, E., Valiullina, A., Rakhmatullina, A., Petukhov, A., Рифкатовна, М. Р., Rizvanov, A. A., & Bulatov, E. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14041078 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
FOXP3+ regulatory T cells and the immune escape in solid tumours
Qiu, Y., Ke, S., Chen, J., Qin, Z., Zhang, W., Yuan, Y., Meng, D., Zhao, G., Wu, K., Li, B., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.982986 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The effect of metformin on senescence of T lymphocytes
Yang, J. H., Liu, H.-C., Zhang, J., Zou, J., Zhang, X., Chen, W., Gu, Y., & Hong, H. Y. (2023) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/s12979-023-00394-0 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Guo, L., Lai, P., Wang, Y., Huang, T., Chen, X., Luo, C., Geng, S., Huang, X., Wu, S., Ling, W., et al. (2019) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.048 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Immunosenescence of T cells: a key player in rheumatoid arthritis
Gao, Y. Q., Cai, W., Zhou, Y., Li, Y., Cheng, J., & Wei, F. (2022) · Inflammation Research · doi:10.1007/s00011-022-01649-0 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Chen, Y., Bai, M., Liu, M., Zhang, Z., Jiang, C., Li, K., Chen, Y., Xu, Y., & Wu, L. (2025) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.71317 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Deng, Y., Tan, Y., Zhou, D., Bai, Y., Cao, T., Zhong, C., Huang, W., Ou, Y., Guo, L., Liu, Q., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.923194 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Baicalein and Baicalin Promote Melanoma Apoptosis and Senescence via Metabolic Inhibition
Huang, L., Peng, B., Nayak, Y. R., Wang, C., Si, F., Liu, X., Dou, J., Xu, H., & Peng, G. (2020) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.00836 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationSenescent cells in cancer therapy: why and how to remove them
Zhang, J., Zhang, D., & Yu, B. (2021) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.002 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Redox tolerance and metabolic reprogramming in solid tumors
Mortezaee, K. (2020) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1002/cbin.11506 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Ferroptosis and immunosenescence in colorectal cancer
Wang, Y., Cao, X., Yang, C., Fan, J., Zhang, X., Wu, X., Guo, W., Sun, S., Liu, M., Zhang, L., et al. (2024) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.10.003 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
T-Cell Senescence in Human Metabolic Diseases
Nga, H. T., Nguyen, T. L., & Yi, H. (2024) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2024.0140 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Regulatory T Cell Metabolism: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Cancer Treatment?
Kim, J., Li, J., Wei, J., & Lim, S. A. (2025) · Immune Network · doi:10.4110/in.2025.25.e13 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Tumor microenvironment metabolites directing T cell differentiation and function
Liu, X., Hoft, D. F., & Peng, G. (2021) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2021.12.004 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationLow KRT15 expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with breast invasive carcinoma
Zhong, P., Shu, R., Wu, H., Liu, Z., Shen, X., & Hu, Y. (2021) · Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine · doi:10.3892/etm.2021.9736 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
The Fate(s) of CAR T-Cell Therapy: Navigating the Risks of CAR+ T-Cell Malignancy
Abou‐El‐Enein, M. (2024) · Blood Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-23-0272 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Age-related decline in CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells compromises antitumor immunity
Pei, S., Deng, X., Yang, R., Wang, H., Shi, J., Wang, X., Huang, J., Tian, Y., Wang, R., Zhang, S., et al. (2024) · Nature Aging · doi:10.1038/s43587-024-00746-5 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationKey promoters of tumor hallmarks
Mortezaee, K., & Majidpoor, J. (2021) · International Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s10147-021-02074-9 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Lipid metabolism in tumor microenvironment: novel therapeutic targets
Liu, X., Zhang, P., Xu, J., Lv, G., & Li, Y. (2022) · Cancer Cell International · doi:10.1186/s12935-022-02645-4 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of dendritic cells in cancer immunity and therapeutic strategies
Tai, Y., Chen, M., Wang, F., Fan, Y., Zhang, J., Cai, B., Lin, Y., Luo, Y., & Li, Y. (2024) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111548 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Immunometabolism and oxidative stress: roles and therapeutic strategies in cancer and aging
Zhou, N.-J., Bao, W.-Q., Zhang, C., Jiang, M., Liang, T.-L., Ma, G.-Y., Liu, L., Pan, H., & Li, R.-Z. (2025) · npj Aging · doi:10.1038/s41514-025-00250-z · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer stemness and heterogeneity: updated
Mortezaee, K., Majidpoor, J., & Kharazinejad, E. (2022) · Medical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12032-022-01801-0 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Immunotherapeutic strategies in head and neck cancer: challenges and opportunities
Liu, X., Harbison, R. A., Varvares, M. A., Puram, S. V., & Peng, G. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci188128 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationT-cell senescence: A crucial player in autoimmune diseases
Lu, Y., Ruan, Y., Pan, H., Rui, K., Liu, Q., Wang, S., & Cui, D. (2022) · Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.clim.2022.109202 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The central role of DNA damage in immunosenescence
Kell, L., Simon, A. K., Alsaleh, G., & Cox, L. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Aging · doi:10.3389/fragi.2023.1202152 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
T cell senescence: a new perspective on immunotherapy in lung cancer
Huang, M., Wang, Y., Fang, L., Liu, C., Feng, F., Liu, L., & Sun, C. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1338680 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The homeobox protein VentX reverts immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment
Le, Y., Gao, H., Bleday, R., & Zhu, Z. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04567-0 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
A long way to the battlefront: CAR T cell therapy against solid cancers
Wang, Z., Chen, W., Zhang, X., Cai, Z., & Huang, W. (2019) · Journal of Cancer · doi:10.7150/jca.30406 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Glucometabolic Reprogramming in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Microenvironment: Cause and Effect
Tian, H., Zhu, X., Lv, Y., Jiao, Y., & Wang, G. (2020) · Cancer Management and Research · doi:10.2147/cmar.s258196 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Immunosenescence and cancer: Opportunities and challenges
Fu, Z., Xu, H., Yue, L., Zheng, W., Pan, L., Gao, F., & Liu, X. (2023) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000036045 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationConway, J., Jong, E. N. D., White, A. J., Dugan, B., Rees, N. P., Parnell, S. M., Lamberte, L. E., Sharma‐Oates, A., Sullivan, J., Mauro, C., et al. (2024) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.14401 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Luo, X., Huang, W., Li, S., Sun, M., Hu, D. X., Jiang, J., Zhang, Z., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, J., et al. (2024) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202310304 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Biomechanics of T Cell Dysfunctions in Chronic Diseases
Gunasinghe, S. D., Peres, N. G., Goyette, J., & Gaus, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.600829 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Zhang, M., Cui, J., Chen, H., Cheng, Y., Chen, Q., Zong, F., Lu, X. J., Qin, L., Han, Y., Kuai, X., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-56002-w · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationCigarette smoking induces human CCR6+Th17 lymphocytes senescence and VEGF-A secretion
Baskara, I., Kerbrat, S., Dagouassat, M., Nguyen, H. Q., Guillot‐Delost, M., Surénaud, M., Baillou, C., Lemoine, F. M., Morin, D., Boczkowski, J., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63613-4 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Dong, S., Li, W., Li, X., Wang, Z., Zhou, C., Shi, H., He, R., Chen, C., & Zhou, W. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038650 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Si, F., Liu, X., Tao, Y., Zhang, Y., Ma, F., Hsueh, E. C., Puram, S. V., & Peng, G. (2024) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2023-008219 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationRentschler, M., Braumüller, H., Briquez, P. S., & Wieder, T. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14061364 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Shen, T., Jia, S., Ding, G., Ping, D., Zhou, L., Zhou, S., & Cao, L. (2020) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2020.101431 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Wang, H., Yu, Y., Li, R., Zhang, H., Chen, Z., Sun, C., & Zhuang, J. (2025) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2025.07.022 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Metabolic regulation of immune cells in proinflammatory microenvironments and diseases during ageing
Li, P., Zhang, R., Cheng, L., Liu, J., & Chen, H. (2020) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101165 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
T-cell Senescence in the Tumor Microenvironment
Huang, L., Zhang, C., Jiang, A., Lin, A., Zhu, L., Mou, W., Zeng, D., Liu, Z., Tang, B., Zhang, J., et al. (2025) · Cancer Immunology Research · doi:10.1158/2326-6066.cir-24-0894 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Lü, Y., Wu, X., Zhang, L., Yang, M. Y., Wang, X., Huang, W., Pan, H., Wu, Y., Huang, J., Liang, W., et al. (2021) · Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy · doi:10.1007/s00262-021-02995-4 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Immunological biomarkers of aging
Wu, F., Mu, W., Markov, N. T., Fuentealba, M., Halaweh, H., Senchyna, F., Manwaring-Mueller, M., Winer, D. A., & Furman, D. (2025) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1093/jimmun/vkae036 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
- Authors
- Liu, X., Mo, W., Ye, J., Li, L., Zhang, Y., Hsueh, E. C., Hoft, D. F., & Peng, G.
- Affiliations
- Saint Louis University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Peng, Guangyong
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2018-01-16
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 249-249
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5770447
- OpenAlex
- W2782893319
- Cited by
- 224
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 9
- FWCI
- 8.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- American Cancer Society (RSG‐10‐160‐01‐LIB)
- Melanoma Research Alliance
- Washington University in St. Louis
- National Institutes of Health (AI097852)
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA184379)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R21AI094478, R21AI097852)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Keywords
- regulatory T cells, effector T cells, metabolic competition, DNA damage, ERK signaling, p38 MAPK signaling, STAT1, STAT3, DNA damage response, T cell exhaustion, anergy, adoptive T cell therapy, cancer immunotherapy, chronic infection
- MeSH terms
- DNA Damage, Glucose, Humans, Immunotherapy, Cellular Senescence, MAP Kinase Signaling System, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, STAT1 Transcription Factor, STAT3 Transcription Factor
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review