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Tissue regulatory T cells: regulatory chameleons
Open accessAbstract
The FOXP3+CD4+ regulatory T (T reg) cells located in non-lymphoid tissues differ in phenotype and function from their lymphoid organ counterparts. Tissue T reg cells have distinct transcriptomes, T cell receptor repertoires and growth and survival factor dependencies that arm them to survive and operate in their home tissue. Their functions extend beyond immune surveillance to tissue homeostasis, including regulation of local and systemic metabolism, promotion of tissue repair and regeneration, and control of the proliferation, differentiation and fate of non-lymphoid cell progenitors. T reg cells in diverse tissues share a common FOXP3+CD4+ precursor located within lymphoid organs. This precursor undergoes definitive specialization once in the home tissue, following a multilayered array of common and tissue-distinct transcriptional programmes. Our deepening knowledge of tissue T reg cell biology will inform ongoing attempts to harness T reg cells for precision immunotherapeutics.
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“Treg cells in tissues have distinct transcriptional signatures 31 .”
From Amphiregulin from regulatory T cells promotes liver fibrosis and insulin resistance in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
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“Adhesion to the epithelium is thought to be essential for the induction of Th17 cells, as rat-derived SFB, that does not adhere to the small intestinal epithelium in mouse hosts, failed to induce intestinal Th17 cells”
From TH17 cell heterogeneity and its role in tissue inflammation (2023) · cites this paper as [73]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Muñoz-Rojas, A. R., & Mathis, D.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mathis, Diane
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Immunology
- Published
- 2021-03-26
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 597-611
- ISSN
- 1474-1733 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1741
- PMC
- PMC8403160
- OpenAlex
- W3136492352
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 123
- Citations by year
- 2026: 59 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 13
- FWCI
- 4.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (RC2DK116691, R01DK092541)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR070334)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Keywords
- CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells, non-lymphoid tissues, T cell receptor repertoire, immune surveillance, tissue homeostasis, local metabolism, tissue repair and regeneration, immunotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Male, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Skin, Models, Immunological, Muscle, Skeletal, Intra-Abdominal Fat, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Mice, Transcriptome
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