Cited by 2,096Immune cells in cancerPhagocytosis and Immune RegulationNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Tissue-resident macrophages

Open access
Davies, Luke C, Jenkins, Stephen J, Allen, Judith E, Taylor, Philip R·2013·Nature Immunology

Abstract

Tissue-resident macrophages are a heterogeneous population of immune cells that fulfill tissue-specific and niche-specific functions. These range from dedicated homeostatic functions, such as clearance of cellular debris and iron processing, to central roles in tissue immune surveillance, response to infection and the resolution of inflammation. Recent studies highlight marked heterogeneity in the origins of tissue macrophages that arise from hematopoietic versus self-renewing embryo-derived populations. We discuss the tissue niche-specific factors that dictate cell phenotype, the definition of which will allow new strategies to promote the restoration of tissue homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms that dictate tissue macrophage heterogeneity should explain why simplified models of macrophage activation do not explain the extent of heterogeneity seen in vivo.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/ni.2705

Cites

128 of 128 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Macrophages are highly heterogeneous, reflected in both the co-existence of distinct macrophage populations within tissues and a degree of functional plasticity that allows individual macrophages to change their transcriptional and functional programs to adapt to diverse tissue environments and pathological contexts.

    “Macrophages, found throughout the body in health and disease, are highly heterogeneous. This is reflected in both the co-existence of distinct macrophage populations within tissues as well as a degree of functional plasticity that allows individual macrophages to change their transcriptional and functional programs to adapt to diverse tissue environments and pathological contexts (11, 12).”

    From Targeting macrophages in liver fibrosis (2026) · cites this paper as [11]

    Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • AMs maintain their numbers by self-renewal in a steady-state environment, while IMs in adult mice are derived from blood monocytes.

    “AMs maintain their numbers by self-renewal in a steady-state environment, while IMs in adult mice are derived from blood monocytes 60.”

    From Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase prompts bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by driving macrophage M2 polarization in mice (2024) · cites this paper as [60]

    The “Prenatal origins for some tissue-resident macrophages” section says alveolar macrophages do not rely on blood monocytes for renewal under steady-state conditions, supporting the AM portion. It does not identify adult lung interstitial macrophages (IMs) as blood-monocyte-derived; the reference-list mention of interstitial macrophages does not establish their origin. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Macrophages often are the first immune cells that encounter invading pathogens.

    “Macrophages often are the first immune cells that encounter invading pathogens [219,220,221].”

    From Functions of ROS in Macrophages and Antimicrobial Immunity (2021) · cites this paper as [221]

  • SIGLEC1/CD169 is not expressed in microglia in health or disease and has been proposed as a marker for invading monocyte-derived macrophages in the CNS.

    “sialoadhesin (SIGLEC1; also known as CD169) is a marker for mature dendritic cells and macrophages in both mice and humans48 and has been proposed as a marker for invading monocyte-derived macrophages in the CNS as it is not expressed in microglia in health or disease49–52.”

    From Microglial signatures and their role in health and disease (2018) · cites this paper as [48]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [7]Parwaresch MR Wacker HH Origin and kinetics of resident tissue macrophages. Parabiosis studies with radiolabelled leucocytes Cell Tissue Kinet 1984 17 25 39 6692464
  2. [12]Takahashi K Development and Differentiation of Macrophages and Related Cells: Historical Review and Current Concepts J Clin Exp Hematopathol 2000 41 1 31
  3. [21]Schulz C A Lineage of Myeloid Cells Independent of Myb and Hematopoietic Stem Cells Science 2012 336 86 90 22442384

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Davies, L. C., Jenkins, S. J., Allen, J. E., & Taylor, P. R.
Affiliations
  • Cardiff University (GB)
  • Centre for Inflammation Research (GB)
  • Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution (GB)
Corresponding author
Taylor, Philip R
Venue
Nature Immunology
Published
2013-09-18
Volume
14
Issue
10
Pages
986-995
ISSN
  • 1529-2908 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2916
OpenAlex
W2072462631
Cited by
2,096
References
128
Citations by year
2026: 99 · 2025: 142 · 2024: 186 · 2023: 184 · 2022: 231 · 2021: 196 · 2020: 192 · 2019: 157 · 2018: 157 · 2017: 160 · 2016: 142 · 2015: 140 · 2014: 99 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
FWCI
11.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Immunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
  • Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Wellcome Trust (097824/Z/11)
  • Medical Research Council (MR/K02003X/1, MR/J002151/1, MR/K01207X/1)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
tissue-resident macrophages, macrophage heterogeneity, tissue homeostasis, immune surveillance, macrophage origin, embryonic macrophages, tissue niche, iron processing, inflammation resolution, infection response, macrophage activation
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Immunity, Immunologic Surveillance, Inflammation, Macrophage Activation, Macrophages, Organ Specificity, Wound Healing

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review