Cited by 1,000Bacterial Genetics and BiotechnologyBacterial biofilms and quorum sensingMicrobial Community Ecology and Physiology

Bacterial siderophores in community and host interactions

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Kramer, Jos, Özkaya, Özhan, Kümmerli, Rolf·2020·Nature Reviews Microbiology

Abstract

Iron is an essential trace element for most organisms. A common way for bacteria to acquire this nutrient is through the secretion of siderophores, which are secondary metabolites that scavenge iron from environmental stocks and deliver it to cells via specific receptors. While there has been tremendous interest in understanding the molecular basis of siderophore synthesis, uptake and regulation, questions about the ecological and evolutionary consequences of siderophore secretion have only recently received increasing attention. In this Review, we outline how eco-evolutionary questions can complement the mechanistic perspective and help to obtain a more integrated view of siderophores. In particular, we explain how secreted diffusible siderophores can affect other community members, leading to cooperative, exploitative and competitive interactions between individuals. These social interactions in turn can spur co-evolutionary arms races between strains and species, lead to ecological dependencies between them and potentially contribute to the formation of stable communities. In brief, this Review shows that siderophores are much more than just iron carriers: they are important mediators of interactions between members of microbial assemblies and the eukaryotic hosts they inhabit.

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  • Some bacteria produce siderophores, small molecules with extremely high affinity for Fe3+, to hijack iron from host glycoproteins and scavenge residual free iron.

    “As an alternative to directly taking up Tf or Lf, some bacteria produce siderophores; these are small molecules with extremely high affinity for Fe3+, frequently employed as a tool to hijack iron from host glycoproteins (such as Lf, Tf and Ft), and to scavenge residual free iron from the external milieu.”

    From The battle for iron in enteric infections (2020) · cites this paper as [124]

  • Salmonella has the capacity to pirate exogenous siderophores produced by other bacteria and fungi, such as the fungal siderophore ferrichrome.

    “In addition to producing enterobactin and salmochelin, Salmonella also has the capacity to pirate exogenous siderophores produced by other bacteria and fungi, such as the fungal siderophore ferrichrome – a hydroxamate siderophore. 124”

    From The battle for iron in enteric infections (2020) · cites this paper as [124]

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Authors
Kramer, J., Özkaya, Ö., & Kümmerli, R.
Affiliations
University of Zurich (CH)
Corresponding author
Kümmerli, Rolf
Venue
Nature Reviews Microbiology
Published
2019-11-20
Volume
18
Issue
3
Pages
152-163
ISSN
  • 1740-1526 (ISSN-L)
  • 1740-1534
OpenAlex
W2990378266
Cited by
998
References
166
Citations by year
2026: 168 · 2025: 199 · 2024: 170 · 2023: 169 · 2022: 115 · 2021: 132 · 2020: 45
FWCI
10.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (182499)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
Keywords
siderophores, iron acquisition, bacterial community interactions, host-bacteria interactions, eco-evolutionary dynamics, microbial cooperation, microbial competition, iron scavenging, bacterial social interactions
MeSH terms
Bacteria, Biological Evolution, Iron, Selection, Genetic, Siderophores, Microbial Interactions

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