Cited by 3,185COVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesLong-Term Effects of COVID-19Dermatological and COVID-19 studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 258 of the 261 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19

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Abstract

Although COVID-19 is most well known for causing substantial respiratory pathology, it can also result in several extrapulmonary manifestations. These conditions include thrombotic complications, myocardial dysfunction and arrhythmia, acute coronary syndromes, acute kidney injury, gastrointestinal symptoms, hepatocellular injury, hyperglycemia and ketosis, neurologic illnesses, ocular symptoms, and dermatologic complications. Given that ACE2, the entry receptor for the causative coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is expressed in multiple extrapulmonary tissues, direct viral tissue damage is a plausible mechanism of injury. In addition, endothelial damage and thromboinflammation, dysregulation of immune responses, and maladaptation of ACE2-related pathways might all contribute to these extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19. Here we review the extrapulmonary organ-specific pathophysiology, presentations and management considerations for patients with COVID-19 to aid clinicians and scientists in recognizing and monitoring the spectrum of manifestations, and in developing research priorities and therapeutic strategies for all organ systems involved.

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  1. Pilotto, A. et al. Steroid-responsive encephalitis in Covid-19 disease. Ann. Neurol. (2020). · DOI

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Metadata

Authors
Gupta, A., Madhavan, M. V., Sehgal, K., Nair, N., Mahajan, S., Sehrawat, T. S., Bikdeli, B., Ahluwalia, N., Ausiello, J. C., Wan, E. Y., Freedberg, D. E., Kirtane, A. J., Parikh, S. A., Maurer, M. S., Nordvig, A. S., Accili, D., Bathon, J. M., Mohan, S., Bauer, K. A., Leon, M. B., Krumholz, H. M., Uriel, N., Mehra, M. R., Elkind, M. S. V., Stone, G. W., Schwartz, A., Ho, D. D., Bilezikian, J. P., & Landry, D. W.
Affiliations
  • Yale New Haven Hospital (US)
  • Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
  • Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
  • Mayo Clinic (US)
  • Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
  • Cardiovascular Research Foundation (US)
  • NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital (US)
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
  • Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center (US)
Corresponding author
Landry, Donald W.
Venue
Nature Medicine
Published
2020-07
Volume
26
Issue
7
Pages
1017-1032
ISSN
  • 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
  • 1546-170X
OpenAlex
W3040801404
Cited by
3,185
References
261
Citations by year
2026: 125 · 2025: 182 · 2024: 333 · 2023: 558 · 2022: 751 · 2021: 965 · 2020: 261
FWCI
29.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (T32 - HL007854, K23- DK111847)
  • U.S. Department of Defense (PR-181960)
  • U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (5T32 - NS007153)
  • U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01 - AR050026, U01- AR068043)
  • U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 - MD014161, U01- DK116066)
  • U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (K08-HL122526, R01 - HL152236, R03 - HL146881)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatological and COVID-19 studies
Keywords
COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, extrapulmonary manifestations, thrombotic complications, cardiac dysfunction, cardiac arrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome, acute kidney injury, gastrointestinal symptoms, hepatocyte injury, hyperglycemia, ketosis, neurological complications, ocular symptoms, skin complications, ACE2 receptor, thromboinflammation, endothelial injury, immune dysregulation
MeSH terms
Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Inflammation, Organ Specificity, Pneumonia, Viral, Renin-Angiotensin System, Thrombosis, Coronavirus Infections, Disease Progression, Virus Internalization, Adaptive Immunity, Pandemics

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