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Identification of an operon involved in fluoride resistance in Enterobacter cloacae FRM
Abstract
Fluorine is ubiquitous and the most active non-metal element in nature. While many microorganisms have developed fluoride resistance as a result of the widespread and prolonged application of oral hygiene products, the mechanisms used by these organisms to overcome fluoride toxicity are incompletely understood. In this study, a fluoride-resistant strain, Enterobacter cloacae FRM, was identified which could grow well at a fluoride concentration of 4,000 mg/L. According to comparative genomics, transcriptome under fluoride stress, and sequence analyses of two fluoride-resistant fosmid clones, the genomic island GI3 was found to be important for fluoride resistance. The result of quantitative RT-PCR indicated that six genes on GI3, ppaC, uspA, eno, gpmA, crcB, and orf5249, which encode a fluoride transporter, fluoride-inhibited enzymes, and a universal stress protein, reside in an operon and are transcribed into two mRNAs activated by fluoride with a fluoride riboswitch. The results of knockout and complementation experiments indicated that these genes work together to provide high fluoride resistance to E. cloacae FRM. This study clarified the resistance mechanism of this high fluoride-resistant organism and has expanded our understanding of the biological effects of fluoride.
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“Enolase is often observed in operons controlled by fluoride riboswitches67, and in fluoride-resistant E. cloacae FRM, enolase transcripts are upregulated 176-fold in response to fluoride95.”
From The link between ancient microbial fluoride resistance mechanisms and bioengineering organofluorine degradation or synthesis (2024) · cites this paper as [95]
In the citing paper
“Stress-response pathways, especially oxidative stress responses, are activated in a broad cross-section of bacterial species upon fluoride challenge21,88,95,97,101.”
From The link between ancient microbial fluoride resistance mechanisms and bioengineering organofluorine degradation or synthesis (2024) · cites this paper as [95]
In the citing paper
“The gene encoding pyrophosphatase is among the genes most frequently associated with fluoride riboswitches67, and in various organisms, including Enterobacter cloacae FRM95, Acidithiophilus ferredoxins96, and S. cerevisiae97, the expression of pyrophosphatase, polyphosphatase, and phosphate importers has been functionally linked to fluoride resistance.”
From The link between ancient microbial fluoride resistance mechanisms and bioengineering organofluorine degradation or synthesis (2024) · cites this paper as [95]
In the citing paper
“F− resistant bacterium E. cloacae FRM able to tolerate 4000 mg/L that is approximate 210 mM (Liu et al. 2017).”
From Isolation and identification of high fluoride resistant bacteria from water samples of Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu, South India (2021) · cites this paper as Liu et al. (2017)
In the citing paper
“Liu et al. (2017) reported that E. cloacae FRM was fluoride resistant bacterium that contains six genes that including crcB response for a fluoride transporter, fluoride inhibited enzymes and a universal stress protein.”
From Isolation and identification of high fluoride resistant bacteria from water samples of Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu, South India (2021) · cites this paper as Liu et al. (2017)
In the citing paper
“In this study, we found a similar kind of F− resistance shown by Enterobacter strains isolated from water samples.”
From Isolation and identification of high fluoride resistant bacteria from water samples of Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu, South India (2021) · cites this paper as Liu et al. (2017)
In the citing paper
“Earlier, Aeromonas, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Escherichia, Enterobacter, Micrococcus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus have reported as F− resistant bacterial species isolated from different environmental backgrounds (Chouhan et al. 2012; Mukherjee et al. 2015, 2017, 2018; Liu et al. 2017; Kirupa Sree et al. 2018; Sharma et al. 2019; Edward Raja et al. 2021).”
From Isolation and identification of high fluoride resistant bacteria from water samples of Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu, South India (2021) · cites this paper as Liu et al. 2017
In the citing paper
“In addition to phosphate importers and Na+/H+ antiporters, genes encoding other ion transporters are also overrepresented in fluoride-related operons and gene expression analyses95.”
From The link between ancient microbial fluoride resistance mechanisms and bioengineering organofluorine degradation or synthesis (2024) · cites this paper as [95]
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Wackett, L. P. (2022) · Microbial Biotechnology · doi:10.1111/1751-7915.13928 · Cited by 165
Stockbridge, R. B., & Wackett, L. P. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-49018-1 · Cited by 80
Calero, P., Gurdo, N., & Nikel, P. I. (2022) · Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1111/1462-2920.16110 · Cited by 56
Chellaiah, E. R., Ravi, P., & Uthandakalaipandian, R. (2021) · Current Research in Microbial Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100038 · Cited by 17
Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, X., Tian, J., Liu, L., Zhu, T., Yu, X., Chu, X., Yao, B., Wu, N., & Fan, Y.
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2017-07-28
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2045-2322
- PMC
- PMC5533749
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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