Pharmacogenetics of methylphenidate in childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: long-term effects
Open accessAbstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in which a significant proportion of patients do not respond to treatment. The objective of this study was to examine the role of genetic risk variants in the response to treatment with methylphenidate (MPH). The effectiveness of MPH was evaluated based on variations in the CGI-S and CGAS scales over a 12-month treatment period using linear mixed effects models. A total of 208 ADHD patients and 34 polymorphisms were included in the analysis. For both scales, the response was associated with time, extended-release MPH/both formulations, and previous MPH treatment. For the CGI-S scale, response was associated with SLC6A3 rs2550948, DRD4 promoter duplication, SNAP25 rs3746544, and ADGRL3 rs1868790. Interactions between the response over time and SLC6A3 and DRD2 were found in the CGI-S and CGAS scales, respectively. The proportion of the variance explained by the models was 18% for the CGI-S and 22% for the CGAS. In this long-term study, the effects of SLC6A3, DRD4, SNAP25, and ADGRL3 on response to treatment reflect those observed in previous studies. In addition, 2 previously unreported interactions with response to treatment over a 12-month period were found (SLC6A3 and DRD2).
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Several biological pathways have been suggested to potentially affect MPH mechanisms through patient genotype, mostly concerning monoamine pathways.
“several biological pathways have been suggested to potentially affect MPH mechanisms through patient genotype, mostly concerning monoamine pathways [43–48].”
From Molecular Characterisation of the Mechanism of Action of Stimulant Drugs Lisdexamfetamine and Methylphenidate on ADHD Neurobiology: A Review (2022) · cites this paper as [45]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: a systematic review and metaregression analysis
Polanczyk, G., de Lima, M. S., Horta, B. L., Biederman, J., & Rohde, L. A. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.6.942 · Cited by 5,346 · see citing works
A Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS)
Shaffer, D. (1983) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790100074010 · Cited by 3,716 · see citing works
Molecular genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Faraone, S. V., Perlis, R. H., Doyle, A. E., Smoller, J. W., Goralnick, J. J., Holmgren, M. A., & Sklar, P. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.024 · Cited by 2,357 · see citing works
FARAONE, S. V., BIEDERMAN, J., & MICK, E. (2006) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329170500471x · Cited by 2,267 · see citing works
The clinical global impressions scale: applying a research tool in clinical practice.
Busner, J., & Targum, S. D. (2007) · PubMed Central · Cited by 1,952 · see citing works
(1991) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.148.5.564 · Cited by 1,738 · see citing works
Candidate gene studies of ADHD: a meta-analytic review
Gizer, I. R., Ficks, C., & Waldman, I. D. (2009) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-009-0694-x · Cited by 1,020 · see citing works
Parent and Teacher Ratings of ADHD Symptoms: Psychometric Properties in a Community-Based Sample
DuPaul, G. J. (1991) · Journal of Clinical Child Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp2003_3 · Cited by 585 · see citing works
Major life activity and health outcomes associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Barkley, R. A. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 581 · see citing works
Measuring explained variation in linear mixed effects models
Xu, R. (2003) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1572 · Cited by 537 · see citing works
Brookes, K., Xu, X., Chen, W., Zhou, K., Neale, B., Lowe, N., Aneey, R., Franke, B., Gill, M., Ebstein, R., et al. (2006) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001869 · Cited by 533 · see citing works
Advances in Analysis of Longitudinal Data
Gibbons, R. D., Hedeker, D., & DuToit, S. (2010) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153550 · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Molecular Genetics of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Faraone, S. V., & Mick, E. (2010) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2009.12.004 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Lasky-Su, J. A., Neale, B. M., Franke, B., Anney, R., Zhou, K., Maller, J., Vásquez, A. A., Chen, W., Asherson, P. J., Buitelaar, J. K., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30867 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Stimulant treatment over five years: adherence, effectiveness, and adverse effects
Charach, A., Ickowicz, A., & Schachar, R. (2004) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200405000-00009 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Arcos‐Burgos, M., Jain, M., Acosta, M. T., Shively, S. B., Stanescu, H. C., Wallis, D. H., Domené, S., Velez, J. I., Karkera, J. D., Balog, J., et al. (2010) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2010.6 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Defining ADHD symptom persistence in adulthood: optimizing sensitivity and specificity
Sibley, M. H., Swanson, J. M., Arnold, L. E., Hechtman, L. T., Owens, E. B., Stehli, A., Abikoff, H., Hinshaw, S. P., Molina, B. S. G., Mitchell, J. T., et al. (2017) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12620 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Role of Dopamine Receptors in ADHD: A Systematic Meta-analysis
Wu, J., Xiao, H., Sun, H., Zou, L., & Zhu, L.-Q. (2012) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8278-5 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Bonvicini, C., Faraone, S. V., & Scassellati, C. (2016) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2016.74 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
(2006) · PubMed · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Comparing the efficacy of medications for ADHD using meta-analysis.
(2006) · PubMed Central · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Support for association between ADHD and two candidate genes: NET1 and DRD1
Bobb, A. J., Addington, A. M., Sidransky, E., Gornick, M. C., Lerch, J. P., GREENSTEIN, D. K., CLASEN, L. S., Sharp, W. S., Inoff‐Germain, G., Vrièze, F. W., et al. (2005) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30142 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Volkow, N. (2002) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0924-977x(02)00104-9 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Marta Ribasés, A., Ramos‐Quiroga, J. A., Amaia Hervas, G., Bosch, R., Bielsa, A., Gastaminza, X., Artigas-Pallarés, J., Rodriguez-Ben, S., Estivill, X., Casas, M., et al. (2007) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4002100 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Kim, C.-H., Hahn, M. K., Joung, Y., Anderson, S., Steele, A., Mazei-Robinson, M. S., Gizer, I., Teicher, M. H., Cohen, B., Robertson, D., et al. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.0510836103 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Hodgkins, P., Shaw, M., Coghill, D., & Hechtman, L. (2012) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-012-0286-5 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Family-Based Genome-Wide Association Scan of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Mick, E., Todorov, A., Smalley, S., Hu, X.-L., Loo, S., Todd, R., Biederman, J., Byrne, D., DeChairo, B., Guiney, A., et al. (2010) · Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.02.014 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Child and adolescent psychotherapy outcomes in experiments versus clinics: Why the disparity?
Weisz, J. R., Donenberg, G. R., Han, S. S., & Kauneckis, D. (1995) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf01447046 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Le, H. H., Hodgkins, P., Postma, M. J., Kahle, J. S., Sikirica, V., Setyawan, J., Erder, M. H., & Doshi, J. A. (2013) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-013-0477-8 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Pharmacogenetics of Methylphenidate Response in Preschoolers With ADHD
McGOUGH, J., McCRACKEN, J., SWANSON, J., RIDDLE, M., KOLLINS, S., GREENHILL, L., ABIKOFF, H., DAVIES, M., CHUANG, S., WIGAL, T., et al. (2006) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000235083.40285.08 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Contribution of LPHN3 to the genetic susceptibility to ADHD in adulthood: a replication study
Ribasés, M., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., Sánchez-Mora, C., Bosch, R., Richarte, V., Palomar, G., Gastaminza, X., Bielsa, A., Arcos-Burgos, M., Muenke, M., et al. (2011) · Genes, Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1111/j.1601-183x.2010.00649.x · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Faraone, S. V. (2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Park, S., Jung, S.-W., Kim, B., Cho, S.-C., Shin, M., Kim, J.-W., Yoo, H. J., Cho, D.-Y., Chung, U., Son, J.-W., et al. (2013) · Behavioral and Brain Functions · doi:10.1186/1744-9081-9-1 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Greenhill, L., Beyer, D. H., Finkleson, J., Shaffer, D., Biederman, J., Conners, C. K., Gillberg, C., Huss, M., Jensen, P., Kennedy, J. L., et al. (2002) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/070674370200601s11 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Response to methylphenidate in adults with ADHD is associated with a polymorphism in SLC6A3 (DAT1)
Kooij, J. J. S., Boonstra, A. M., Vermeulen, S. H. H. M., Heister, A. G., Burger, H., Buitelaar, J. K., & Franke, B. (2007) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30586 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
LPHN3 and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a susceptibility and pharmacogenetic study
Bruxel, E. M., Salatino-Oliveira, A., Akutagava-Martins, G. C., Tovo-Rodrigues, L., Genro, J., Zeni, C., Polanczyk, G. V., Chazan, R., Schmitz, M., Arcos-Burgos, M., et al. (2015) · Genes, Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.12224 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Kambeitz, J., Romanos, M., & Ettinger, U. (2014) · The Pharmacogenomics Journal · doi:10.1038/tpj.2013.9 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Genro, J., Polanczyk, G. V., Zeni, C., Oliveira, A. S., Román, T., Rohde, L., & Hutz, M. (2008) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30863 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Banaschewski, T., Soutullo, C. A., Lecendreux, M., Johnson, M., Zuddas, A., Hodgkins, P., Adeyi, B. A., Squires, L. A., & Coghill, D. (2013) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-013-0095-5 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Long-Term Efficacy of Methylphenidate Immediate-Release for the Treatment of Childhood ADHD
Maia, C. R. M., Cortese, S., Caye, A., Deakin, T. K., Polanczyk, G. V., Polanczyk, C. A., & Rohde, L. A. (2014) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054714559643 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Association of the steroid sulfatase (STS) gene with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Brookes, K. J., Hawi, Z., Kirley, A., Barry, E., Gill, M., & Kent, L. (2008) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30873 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Sex chromosomes and genetic association studies
Clayton, D. G. (2009) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/gm110 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Michaelovsky, E., Gothelf, D., Korostishevsky, M., Frisch, A., Burg, M., Carmel, M., Steinberg, T., Inbar, D., Apter, A., & Weizman, A. (2008) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145707008085 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Refining psychiatric phenotypes for response to treatment: Contribution of LPHN3 in ADHD
Labbe, A., Liu, A., Atherton, J., Gizenko, N., Fortier, M., Sengupta, S. M., & Joober, R. (2012) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.32083 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
ADHD pharmacogenetics across the life cycle: New findings and perspectives
Bruxel, E. M., Akutagava-Martins, G. C., Salatino-Oliveira, A., Contini, V., Kieling, C., Hutz, M., & Rohde, L. (2014) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.32240 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Predicting methylphenidate response in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A preliminary study
Johnston, B. A., Coghill, D., Matthews, K., & Steele, J. D. (2014) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881114548438 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Contini, V., Victor, M. M., Bertuzzi, G. P., Salgado, C. A. I., Picon, F. A., Grevet, E. H., Rohde, L. A., Belmonte-de-Abreu, P. S., & Bau, C. H. D. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0b013e318270e727 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Polanczyk, G., Faraone, S., Bau, C. H. D., Victor, M., Becker, K., Pelz, R., Buitelaar, J., Franke, B., Kooij, S., van der Meulen, E. M., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30855 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Pagerols, M., Richarte, V., Sánchez-Mora, C., Garcia-Martínez, I., Corrales, M., Corominas, M., Cormand, B., Casas, M., Ribasés, M., & Ramos-Quiroga, J. (2016) · The Pharmacogenomics Journal · doi:10.1038/tpj.2015.89 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Pharmacological treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: assessing outcomes
Adamo, N., Seth, S., & Coghill, D. (2015) · Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1586/17512433.2015.1050379 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Wong, H. K., Tiffin, P. A., Chappell, M. J., Nichols, T. E., Welsh, P., Doyle, O., López-Kolkovska, B. C., Inglis, S. K., Coghill, D., Shen, Y., et al. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00199 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Hegvik, T., Jacobsen, K. K., Fredriksen, M., Zayats, T., & Haavik, J. (2016) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-016-1540-7 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
van der Schans, J., Kotsopoulos, N., Hoekstra, P. J., Hak, E., & Postma, M. J. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127237 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Unal, D., Unal, M., Alikaşifoğlu, M., & Cetinkaya, A. (2016) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.4306/pi.2016.13.4.427 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Matza, L. S., Margolis, M. K., Deal, L. S., Farrand, K. F., & Erder, M. H. (2017) · Value in Health · doi:10.1016/j.jval.2017.02.010 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Quintero, J., Gutiérrez-Casares, J. R., & Álamo, C. (2022) · Neurology and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40120-022-00392-2 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Stevens, T., Sangkuhl, K., Brown, J. T., Altman, R. B., & Klein, T. E. (2019) · Pharmacogenetics and Genomics · doi:10.1097/fpc.0000000000000376 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Genetics in the ADHD Clinic: How Can Genetic Testing Support the Current Clinical Practice?
Balogh, L., Pulay, A. J., & Réthelyi, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.751041 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying NMDARs Dysfunction and Their Role in ADHD Pathogenesis
Kuś, J., Saramowicz, K., Czerniawska, M., Wiese, W., Siwecka, N., Rozpędek‐Kamińska, W., Kucharska-Lusina, A., Strzelecki, D., & Majsterek, I. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241612983 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Pharmacogenomics of drugs used to treat brain disorders
Cacabelos, R. (2020) · Expert Review of Precision Medicine and Drug Development · doi:10.1080/23808993.2020.1738217 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Elsayed, N. A., Yamamoto, K. M., & Froehlich, T. E. (2020) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-020-00702-y · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The role of pre-, peri-, and postnatal risk factors in bipolar disorder and adult ADHD
Tole, F., Kopf, J., Schröter, K., Palladino, V. S., Jacob, C., Reif, A., & Kittel‐Schneider, S. (2019) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-019-01983-4 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Li, J., Yan, W., Wu, Y. H., Tian, X.-X., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2021.793643 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Ojinna, B. T., Parisapogu, A., Sherpa, M. L., Choday, S., Ravi, N., Giva, S., Kumar, V. S., Shrestha, N., Tran, H. H.-V., & Penumetcha, S. S. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.32647 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Özaslan, A., Güney, E., Ergün, M., Okur, I., & Yapar, D. (2020) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-020-01662-0 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Śmiarowska, M., Brzuchalski, B., Grzywacz, E., Malinowski, D., Machoy‐Mokrzyńska, A., Pierzchlińska, A., & Białecka, M. A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19084479 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Maurer, M. H., Kohler, A., Hudemann, M., Jüngling, J., Biskup, S., & Menzel, M. (2022) · The Application of Clinical Genetics · doi:10.2147/tacg.s361239 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hernández, M., Bote, V., Serra-Llovich, A., Cendrós, M., Salazar, J., Mestres, C., Guijarro, S., Pedrero, A. Á., Lamborena, C., Méndez, I., et al. (2022) · Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.2147/pgpm.s377210 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Köle, İ. H., Vural, P., Yurdacan, B., Alemdar, A., & Mutlu, C. (2024) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-024-03744-z · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Modestino, E. J., Sharafshah, A., Lewandrowski, K., Carey, E., Mohankumar, K., Thanos, P. K., Pinhasov, A., Bowirrat, A., Baron, D. A., Gold, M. S., et al. (2025) · Academia molecular biology and genomics. · doi:10.20935/acadmolbiogen7751 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Pharmacogenomics in Psychiatric Diseases
Kekić, A. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-45903-0_9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Yao, N.-J., Hsieh, W., Lin, C.-H., Tseng, C., Lin, W., Kuo, P., Yu, Y., Chen, W. J., & Jeng, S. (2020) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00092 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Efron, D. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814180-9.00001-6 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kang, J.-W., Choi, B.-S., & Kim, B. (2025) · Children · doi:10.3390/children12060704 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Recarey-Rama, S., Zubizarreta, S. C.-P., Brenlla, C., Gerpe-Rieiro, E., Gil-Rodríguez, A., Tubío-Fungueiriño, M., Pozo-Rodríguez, M., Carracedo, Á., Maroñas, O., & Fernández‐Prieto, M. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.09.002 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
ADHD Genetics in Mouse and Man
Mortimer, N. (2021) · Online Publication Service of Würzburg University (Würzburg University) · doi:10.25972/opus-23626 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Alario, M. I., & Cuesta, S. O. (2021) · Revista de Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil · doi:10.31766/revpsij.v38n4a5
Animal models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Diversity and validity
Nehme, S. B. S., Sánchez‐Sarasúa, S., Medrano, M., Bouchatta, O., Bitar, T., Alameddine, A., Galineau, L., Brunault, P., Kerekes, N., Sánchez‐Pérez, A. M., et al. (2025) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.pharmr.2025.100108
Seven, Z. G. T., Uyanık, K. Ç. P., Akdemir, M. F., Bayindir, M. Y., Okuyan, A. A., Tarakçıoğlu, M. C., Özyazgan, S., & Uzun, H. (2026) · Children · doi:10.3390/children13101412
- Authors
- Gomez-Sanchez, C. I., Carballo, J. J., Riveiro-Alvarez, R., Soto-Insuga, V., Rodrigo, M., Mahillo-Fernandez, I., Abad-Santos, F., Dal-Ré, R., & Ayuso, C.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (ES)
- Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Ayuso, Carmen
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2017-09-04
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 10391-10391
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5583388
- OpenAlex
- W2752587112
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 1.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundación Alicia Koplowitz
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PT13/0010/0012, 06/07/0036)
- European Regional Development Fund
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Keywords
- methylphenidate, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, pharmacogenetics, treatment response, genetic risk variants, dopamine transporter, DRD4, SNAP-25, ADGRL3, DRD2, CGI-S, cGAS, sustained-release formulation, childhood ADHD, drug-gene interactions
- MeSH terms
- Pharmacogenomic Variants, Adolescent, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Delayed-Action Preparations, Female, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Linear Models, Treatment Outcome, Receptors, Peptide, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Receptors, Dopamine D4, Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
