Role of Dopamine Receptors in ADHD: A Systematic Meta-analysis
Abstract
The dopaminergic system plays a pivotal role in the central nervous system via its five diverse receptors (D1-D5). Dysfunction of dopaminergic system is implicated in many neuropsychological diseases, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common mental disorder that prevalent in childhood. Understanding the relationship of five different dopamine (DA) receptors with ADHD will help us to elucidate different roles of these receptors and to develop therapeutic approaches of ADHD. This review summarized the ongoing research of DA receptor genes in ADHD pathogenesis and gathered the past published data with meta-analysis and revealed the high risk of DRD5, DRD2, and DRD4 polymorphisms in ADHD.
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Intellectual development conditioned by cognitive and behavioural problems associated with ADHD precedes the onset of ADHD.
“Then, intellectual development that is conditioned by cognitive and behavioural problems associated with ADHD [72] precedes the onset of ADHD.”
From Molecular Characterisation of the Mechanism of Action of Stimulant Drugs Lisdexamfetamine and Methylphenidate on ADHD Neurobiology: A Review (2022) · cites this paper as [72]
ADHD has demonstrated a high degree of comorbidity of other psychological and mental conditions such as insomnia, anxiety, conduct disorder, sleep disturbance, oppositional defiant disorder, binge eating disorder, tic disorder, bipolar disorder, personality disorder, drug and substance dependence and mood disturbances.
“Furthermore, ADHD has demonstrated a high degree of comorbidity of other psychological and mental conditions such as insomnia, anxiety, conduct disorder, sleep disturbance, oppositional defiant disorder, binge eating disorder, tic disorder, bipolar disorder, personality disorder, drug and substance dependence and mood disturbances, among others [72, 74].”
From Molecular Characterisation of the Mechanism of Action of Stimulant Drugs Lisdexamfetamine and Methylphenidate on ADHD Neurobiology: A Review (2022) · cites this paper as [72]
A significant correlation has been demonstrated between intellectual disability and ADHD onset.
“A significant correlation has been demonstrated between intellectual disability and ADHD onset [72].”
From Molecular Characterisation of the Mechanism of Action of Stimulant Drugs Lisdexamfetamine and Methylphenidate on ADHD Neurobiology: A Review (2022) · cites this paper as [72]
A wide variety of other neurodevelopmental disorders and cognitive and behavioural problems have been found in ADHD: dyslexia, reasoning disorder, dyscalculia, written language expression disorder, language difficulties, motor control difficulties and also autism spectrum disorders.
“A wide variety of other neurodevelopmental disorders and cognitive and behavioural problems have been found in ADHD: dyslexia, reasoning disorder, dyscalculia, written language expression disorder, language difficulties, motor control difficulties and also autism spectrum disorders [72].”
From Molecular Characterisation of the Mechanism of Action of Stimulant Drugs Lisdexamfetamine and Methylphenidate on ADHD Neurobiology: A Review (2022) · cites this paper as [72]
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- Authors
- Wu, J., Xiao, H., Sun, H., Zou, L., & Zhu, L.-Q.
- Affiliations
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhu, Ling-Qiang
- Venue
- Molecular Neurobiology
- Published
- 2012-05-19
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 605-620
- ISSN
- 0893-7648 (ISSN-L)
- 1559-1182
- OpenAlex
- W2131208794
- Cited by
- 274
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Molecular Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, dopamine receptors, dopaminergic system, DRD5, DRD2, DRD4, ADHD pathogenesis, genetic susceptibility
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Humans, Polymorphism, Genetic, Receptors, Dopamine, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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