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Effect of particle size on phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Sargassum cristaefolium ethanol extract
Open accessAbstract
Sample particle size is an important parameter in the solid–liquid extraction system of natural products for obtaining their bioactive compounds. This study evaluates the effect of sample particle size on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of brown macroalgae Sargassum cristaefolium . The crude ethanol extract was extracted from dried powders of S.cristeafolium with various particle sizes (> 4000 µm, > 250 µm, > 125 µm, > 45 µm, and < 45 µm). The ethanolic extracts of S.cristaefolium were analysed for Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant activities. The extract yield and phytochemical composition were more abundant in smaller particle sizes. Furthermore, the TPC (14.19 ± 2.08 mg GAE/g extract to 43.27 ± 2.56 mg GAE/g extract) and TFC (9.6 ± 1.8 mg QE/g extract to 70.27 ± 3.59 mg QE/g extract) values also significantly increased as particle sizes decreased. In addition, phenolic compounds epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) concentration were frequently increased in samples of smaller particle sizes based on two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison analysis. These results correlate with the significantly stronger antioxidant activity in samples with smaller particle sizes. The smallest particle size (< 45 µm) demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity based on DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl assay and FRAP. In addition, ramp function graph evaluates the desired particle size for maximum phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity is 44 µm. In conclusion, current results show the importance of particle size reduction of macroalgae samples to increase the effectivity of its biological activity.
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“This variability in particle size may influence the interaction between the plant material and solvents, potentially affecting the extraction efficiency [66].”
From Comparative Analysis of Infusions and Ethanolic Extracts of Annona muricata Leaves from Colima, Mexico: Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity (2024) · cites this paper as [66]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Prasedya, E. S., Frediansyah, A., Martyasari, N. W. R., Ilhami, B. K., Abidin, A. S., Padmi, H., Fahrurrozi, Juanssilfero, A. B., Widyastuti, S., & Sunarwidhi, A. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Mataram (ID)
- Indonesian Institute of Sciences (ID)
- Corresponding author
- Sunarwidhi, A. L.
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2021-09-09
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17876-17876
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8429668
- OpenAlex
- W3198301646
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 12.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi (PD 2021)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Quality and Safety Studies
- Keywords
- Sargassum cristaefolium, particle size, brown macroalgae, phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, phenolic compounds, epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, ethanol extract, solid-liquid extraction, extraction yield
- MeSH terms
- Ethanol, Antioxidants, Catechin, Flavonoids, Particle Size, Phenols, Plant Extracts
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