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The stress of being born
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“Normal birth is a eustress reaction, a beneficial hedonic stress with extremely high catecholamines that protects us from intrauterine hypoxia and assists in the rapid shift to extrauterine life.”
From Umbilical cord pH, blood gases, and lactate at birth: normal values, interpretation, and clinical utility. (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
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Items 101–200 of 448
Cerebral lateralisation and rate of maturation
Saugstad, L. F. (1998) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-8760(97)00063-9 · Cited by 57
Animal Models of Opiate, Cocaine, and Cannabis Use
Hutchings, D. E., & Dow-Edwards, D. L. (1991) · Clinics in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(18)30531-1 · Cited by 56
Misrecognition of need: Women's experiences of and explanations for undergoing cesarean delivery
Tully, K. P., & Ball, H. L. (2013) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.02.039 · Cited by 54
“…of physical stress on the fetal transition to extrauterine life (Sinha et al., 2011; Jain et al., 2009; Ramachadrappa & Jain, 2008; Jain & Eaton, 2006; Lagercrantz & Slotkin, 1986) are unknown, then it would be difficult to explain why dyads should experience any or especially ‘prolonged’ labor.”
Thompson, R. J., Farragher, S., Nurse, C. A., & Cutz, E. (2002) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00424-002-0853-6 · Cited by 52
“Catecholamine secretion from AMC is critical for extrauterine life, particularly during episodes of hypoxic stress in the perinatal period, when these cells are O2 sensitive [11, 14, 24, 26].”
BackgroundEarly lactation failure and formula adoption after elective caesarean delivery: cohort study
Zanardo, V., Pigozzo, A., Wainer, G., Marchesoni, D., Gasparoni, A., Fabio, S. D., Cavallin, F., Giustardi, A., & Trevisanuto, D. (2012) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/archdischild-2011-301218 · Cited by 53
Bystrova, K., MATTHIESEN, A. ‐., Widström, A.-M., Ransjö‐Arvidson, A., Welles‐Nyström, B., Воронцов, И. М., & Uvnäs‐Moberg, K. (2006) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.03.016 · Cited by 53
Auman, J. T., Seidler, F. J., & Slotkin, T. A. (2000) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-3806(00)00021-3 · Cited by 53
Self-citationSakala, C. (1993) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/0277-9536(93)90335-2 · Cited by 52
A Burst of c-fos Gene Expression in the Mouse Occurs at Birth
Kasik, J. W., Wan, Y. Y., & Ozato, K. (1987) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.7.9.3349-3352.1987 · Cited by 51
“tration, which is very low in the resting fetus, increases sharply during labor (12, 13).”
BackgroundCatecholamine and cortisol reaction to childbirth
Alehagen, S., Wijma, K., Lundberg, U., et al. (2001) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm0801_04 · Cited by 50
“However, excessive stress is related to dysfunctional labor (Lederman, Lederman, Work, & McCann, 1978, 1985) and illness of the fetus ( Lagercrantz & Slotkin, 1985 ).”
BackgroundInfluentialLatching‐On and Suckling of the Healthy Term Neonate: Breastfeeding Assessment
Cadwell, K. (2007) · Journal of Midwifery & Women s Health · doi:10.1016/j.jmwh.2007.08.004 · Cited by 48
The initiation of labour at term gestation: Physiology and practice implications
Hundley, V. A., Downe, S. M., & Buckley, S. J. (2020) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2020.02.006 · Cited by 44
Effect of Maternal Smoking on Fetal Catecholamine Concentrations at Birth
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Self-citationPromotion of Family-Centered Birth With Gentle Cesarean Delivery
Magee, S. R., Battle, C., Morton, J., & Nothnagle, M. (2014) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2014.05.140014 · Cited by 46
The neurobiology of safety and threat learning in infancy
Dębiec, J., & Sullivan, R. M. (2016) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2016.10.015 · Cited by 49
Preliminary evidence of a sensitive period for olfactory learning by human newborns
Romantshik, O., Porter, R. H., Tillmann, V., & Varendi, H. (2007) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2006.00106.x · Cited by 46
“NE levels remain high during the first hour and are believed to contribute to the awake, aroused state that is characteristically observed immediately after birth (11,14).”
BackgroundRico, A. J., Prieto‐Lloret, J., González, C., et al. (2005) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00023.2005 · Cited by 46
First line of defense in early human life
Yoshio, H., Lagercrantz, H., Gudmundsson, G. H., & Agerberth, B. (2004) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1053/j.semperi.2004.08.008 · Cited by 48
Self-citationFetal scalp and cord blood lactate
Nordström, L. (2004) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2004.02.006 · Cited by 44
Birth signalling hormones and the developmental consequences of caesarean delivery
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Mothers’ experiences of skin-to-skin care of healthy full-term newborns – A phenomenology study
Dalbye, R., Calais, E., & Berg, M. (2011) · Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare · doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2011.03.003 · Cited by 45
Slotkin, T. A., Tate, C. A., Cousins, M. M., & Seidler, F. J. (2001) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-3806(01)00282-6 · Cited by 44
Self-citationLagercrantz, H. (2016) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.13615 · Cited by 44
Holgert, H., Dagerlind, Å., Hökfelt, T. G. M., & Lagercrantz, H. (1994) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0165-3806(94)90177-5 · Cited by 42
Self-citationBehavioral organization in newborns and its relation to adrenocortical and cardiac activity.
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Basic consciousness of the newborn
Lagercrantz, H., & Changeux, J.-P. (2010) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1053/j.semperi.2010.02.004 · Cited by 43
Self-citationZeiders, J. L., Seidler, F. J., & Slotkin, T. A. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 42
Self-citationGarcía-Higuera, I., & Mayor, F. (1994) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci117099 · Cited by 41
The effects of arginine vasopressin and epinephrine on lung liquid production in fetal goats
Perks, A. M., & Cassin, S. (1989) · Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1139/y89-078 · Cited by 41
Pathophysiology of foetal oxygenation and cell damage during labour
Yli, B. M., & Kjellmer, I. (2016) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2015.05.004 · Cited by 36
Garofolo, M. C., Seidler, F. J., Cousins, M. M., Tate, C. A., Qiao, D., & Slotkin, T. A. (2002) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00925-5 · Cited by 39
“In turn, βAR stimulation promotes the respiratory and cardiovascular adaptations necessary for successful perinatal transition [8,32,33,35] ,”
BackgroundSelf-citationNovel role for β‐adrenergic signalling in skeletal muscle growth, development and regeneration
Ryall, J. G., Church, J. E., & Lynch, G. S. (2009) · Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05312.x · Cited by 41
Rat Adrenal Chromaffin Cells Are Neonatal CO2Sensors
Muñoz-Cabello, A. M., Toledo‐Aral, J. J., López‐Barneo, J., & Echevarrı́a, M. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1139-05.2005 · Cited by 38
Acid extrusion via blood–brain barrier causes brain alkalosis and seizures after neonatal asphyxia
Helmy, M., Ruusuvuori, E., Watkins, P. V., Voipio, J., Kanold, P. O., & Kaila, K. (2012) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/aws257 · Cited by 36
Massive decline in lung liquid before vaginal delivery at term in the fetal lamb
Berger, P. J., Kyriakides, M. A., Smolich, J. J., et al. (1998) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(98)80004-5 · Cited by 38
Hormonal Physiology of Childbearing, an Essential Framework for Maternal–Newborn Nursing
Sakala, C., Romano, A. M., & Buckley, S. J. (2016) · Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.jogn.2015.12.006 · Cited by 37
Ronca, A. E., & Alberts, J. R. (1994) · Psychobiology · doi:10.3758/bf03327110 · Cited by 37
Long-Term Prenatal Hypoxia Alters Maturation of Adrenal Medulla in Rat
Mamet, J., Peyronnet, J., Roux, J., Perrin, D., Cottet-Émard, J. M., Péquignot, J.-M., Lagercrantz, H., & Dalmaz, Y. (2002) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/00006450-200202000-00014 · Cited by 37
Self-citationButtigieg, J. A., Brown, S. T., Lowe, M., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00495.2007 · Cited by 36
Garofolo, M. C., Seidler, F. J., Auman, J. T., & Slotkin, T. A. (2002) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00598.2001 · Cited by 36
“-ARs emerge earlier in embryonic life than do mAChRs (41) and regulate fetal heart function initially (7) through circulating catecholamines (25) or intrinsic cardiac adrenergic cells (17).”
BackgroundSelf-citationPadilla, N., & Lagercrantz, H. (2020) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.15167 · Cited by 35
Self-citationButtigieg, J. A., Brown, S., Holloway, A. C., & Nurse, C. A. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0544-09.2009 · Cited by 35
“…CaM kinase, as well as increases in intracellular Ca 2 , were able to stabilize HIF and/or increase HIF transcriptional activity (Yuan et al., 2005; Lee et al., 2007), raises the possibility of a similar role for these intracellular signals in mediating the KATP upregulation via changes in HIF-2…”
BackgroundPyramidal neuron growth and increased hippocampal volume during labor and birth in autism
Cloarec, R., Riffault, B., Dufour, A., Rabiei, H., Gouty‐Colomer, L., Dumon, C., Guimond, D., Bonifazi, P., Eftekhari, S., Lozovaya, N., et al. (2019) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aav0394 · Cited by 32
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The relation of cortisol reactivity and anxiety to perinatal outcome in primiparous adolescents
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Glucocorticoids regulate the ontogenetic transition of adrenergic receptor subtypes in rat liver
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Surge of Peripheral Arginine Vasopressin in a Rat Model of Birth Asphyxia
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“However, the period of obligatory birth asphyxia related to normal birth triggers massive neuroendocrine activation, leading to an increase in the circulating levels of various stress hormones such as arginine vasopressin (AVP) and catecholamines (Chard et al., 1971; Lagercrantz and Slotkin, 1986; Wellmann et al., 201…”
BackgroundMammalian Development in Space
Ronca, A. E. (2003) · Advances in space biology and medicine · doi:10.1016/s1569-2574(03)09009-9 · Cited by 35
Term breech and long-term morbidity — cesarean section versus vaginal breech delivery
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The Case Against Elective Cesarean Section
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Cerebral, renal and mesenteric regional oxygen saturation of term infants during transition
Montaldo, P., Leonibus, C. D., Giordano, L., et al. (2015) · Journal of Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.04.004 · Cited by 33
“During labor and delivery, there is a hormonal surge which determines an increased production and release of catecholamines, renineangiotensin, and vasopressin [14].”
BackgroundEffects of labor contractions on catecholamine release and breathing frequency in newborn rats.
Ronca, A. E., Abel, R., Ronan, P. J., et al. (2006) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.120.6.1308 · Cited by 33
“During contractions, umbilical blood flow is intermittently constricted, and oxygen availability to the fetus waxes and wanes (Lagercrantz & Slotkin, 1986; Seidler & Slotkin, 1985).”
BackgroundThe Nature of Nurturant Niches in Ontogeny
Alberts, J. R. (2008) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515080802169814 · Cited by 38
“The catecholamine surge augments removal of liquid from the newborn lungs and protects the fetus from neural damage during possible episodes of hypoxia, as pulmonary respiration is established ( Lagercrantz & Slotkin, 1986 ).”
BackgroundButtigieg, J. A., Brown, S., Zhang, M., Lowe, M., Holloway, A. C., & Nurse, C. A. (2007) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.07-9194com · Cited by 33
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Self-citationCesarean delivery and infant cortisol regulation
Martinez, L. D., Glynn, L. M., Sandman, C. A., Wing, D. A., & Davis, E. P. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104862 · Cited by 32
“During labor and delivery, infants endure the physical stress of contractions, periods with reduced oxygen, and significant increases in maternal glucocorticoids, often for several hours (Lagercrantz and Slotkin, 1986).”
BackgroundOxytocin and oxygen: the evolution of a solution to the ‘stress of life’
Carter, C. S., & Kingsbury, M. A. (2022) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2021.0054 · Cited by 32
Persistent c-fos Induction by Nicotine in Developing Rat Brain Regions: Interaction with Hypoxia
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Self-citationPerinatal stimulation and adaptation of the neonate
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“Immediately after birth, levels of plasma epinephrine, important for neonatal adaptation to extra-uterine life and protection against hypoxia, are normally increased in term vaginally born infants (Lagercrantz & Slotkin, 1986).”
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Neonatal blood glucose concentrations in caesarean and vaginally delivered term infants
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“The innervation of AMC by the splanchnic nerve during fetal or postnatal development is accompanied by the inhibition of direct hypoxia sensitivity (Cheung 1990; Comline and Silver 1966; Lagercrantz and Slotkin 1986;Mojet et al. 1997; Seidler and Slotkin 1986).”
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Oxytocin and Vasopressin, and the GABA Developmental Shift During Labor and Birth: Friends or Foes?
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“REVIEW published: 21 August 2018 doi: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00254 Oxytocin and Vasopressin, and the GABA Developmental Shift During Labor and Birth: Friends or Foes?”
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“Advantages for the baby include a decrease of the negative consequences of the stress of being born (Bystrova et al., 2003; Lagercrantz & Slotkin, 1986; Takahashi & Tamakoshi, 2018; Takahashi, Tamakoshi, Matsushima, & Kawabe, 2011), more optimal thermoregulation, (Beiranvand, Valizadeh,…”
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The Experience of Being Born: A Natural Context for Learning to Suckle
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“Human babies show a surge of plasma catecholamines associated with the “stress of being born,” a physiological response to labor and squeezing through the birth canal [27, 28].”
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Flow cytometry of isolated mitochondria during development and under some pathological conditions
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“These findings suggest that stress results in release of catecholamines during vaginal delivery [11,12].”
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Connecting the brain of the child from synapses to screen‐based activity
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“triggered by the stress of being born (12,13) and the transition Figure 3 Selection of neurons.”
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Early neonatal mortality and cesarean delivery in Mexico City
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Early physical contact between a mother and her NICU-infant in two university hospitals in Finland
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lagercrantz, H., & Slotkin, T. A.
- Venue
- Scientific American
- Published
- 1986-04
- Volume
- 254
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 100-107
- ISSN
- 0036-8733 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012602762
- Cited by
- 448
- References
- 0
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- FWCI
- 11.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Scientific American (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- births, stress, childbirth, maternal stress
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Medulla, Animals, Asphyxia Neonatorum, Catecholamines, Female, Fetal Hypoxia, Fetus, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Labor, Obstetric, Pregnancy, Respiratory Physiological Phenomena, Sheep, Stress, Physiological, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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