Cited by 289Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

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Marijuana and cannabinoid regulation of brain reward circuits

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Lupica, Carl R, Riegel, Arthur C, Hoffman, Alexander F·2004·British Journal of Pharmacology

DOI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705931PMC PMC1575338

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Abstract

The reward circuitry of the brain consists of neurons that synaptically connect a wide variety of nuclei. Of these brain regions, the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) play central roles in the processing of rewarding environmental stimuli and in drug addiction. The psychoactive properties of marijuana are mediated by the active constituent, Delta(9)-THC, interacting primarily with CB1 cannabinoid receptors in a large number of brain areas. However, it is the activation of these receptors located within the central brain reward circuits that is thought to play an important role in sustaining the self-administration of marijuana in humans, and in mediating the anxiolytic and pleasurable effects of the drug. Here we describe the cellular circuitry of the VTA and the NAc, define the sites within these areas at which cannabinoids alter synaptic processes, and discuss the relevance of these actions to the regulation of reinforcement and reward. In addition, we compare the effects of Delta(9)-THC with those of other commonly abused drugs on these reward circuits, and we discuss the roles that endogenous cannabinoids may play within these brain pathways, and their possible involvement in regulating ongoing brain function, independently of marijuana consumption. We conclude that, whereas Delta(9)-THC alters the activity of these central reward pathways in a manner that is consistent with other abused drugs, the cellular mechanism through which this occurs is likely different, relying upon the combined regulation of several afferent pathways to the VTA.

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Authors: Lupica, C. R., Riegel, A. C., & Hoffman, A. F.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: Lupica, Carl R
ORCID: Lupica, Carl R
Riegel, Arthur C
Hoffman, Alexander F
Venue: British Journal of Pharmacology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2004-09
Volume: 143
Issue: 2
Pages: 227-234
ISSN: 0007-1188 (ISSN-L)
1476-5381
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705931
PMC: PMC1575338
OpenAlex: W1993599253
Cited by: 289
References: 85
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 1.64
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 1630 d)
Locations: British Journal of Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords: cannabis, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, CB1 receptor, brain reward circuits, ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, drug addiction, self-administration, synaptic regulation, endocannabinoids, reinforcement, psychoactive effects
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain, Cannabinoids, Humans, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), Reward, United States

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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Marijuana and cannabinoid regulation of brain reward circuits

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