Widespread DNA hypomethylation and differential gene expression in Turner syndrome
Open accessAbstract
Adults with 45,X monosomy (Turner syndrome) reflect a surviving minority since more than 99% of fetuses with 45,X monosomy die in utero. In adulthood 45,X monosomy is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, although strikingly heterogeneous with some individuals left untouched while others suffer from cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease and infertility. The present study investigates the leukocyte DNAmethylation profile by using the 450K-Illumina Infinium assay and the leukocyte RNA-expression profile in 45,X monosomy compared with karyotypically normal female and male controls. We present results illustrating that genome wide X-chromosome RNA-expression profile, autosomal DNA-methylation profile, and the X-chromosome methylation profile clearly distinguish Turner syndrome from controls. Our results reveal genome wide hypomethylation with most differentially methylated positions showing a medium level of methylation. Contrary to previous studies, applying a single loci specific analysis at well-defined DNA loci, our results indicate that the hypomethylation extend to repetitive elements. We describe novel candidate genes that could be involved in comorbidity in TS and explain congenital urinary malformations (PRKX), premature ovarian failure (KDM6A), and aortic aneurysm formation (ZFYVE9 and TIMP1).
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There is evidence of a unique and tissue-specific genome-wide methylation and transcription landscape in TS extending to both the X chromosome and the autosomes.
“There is evidence of a unique and tissue-specific genome-wide methylation and transcription landscape in TS extending to both the X chromosome and the autosomes.103-109”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [106]
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- Authors
- Trolle, C., Nielsen, M. M., Skakkebæk, A., Lamy, P., Vang, S., Hedegaard, J., Nordentoft, I., Ørntoft, T. F., Pedersen, J. S., & Gravholt, C. H.
- Affiliations
- Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Trolle, Christian
- ORCID
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2016-09-30
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 34220-34220
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5043230
- OpenAlex
- W2524555062
- Cited by
- 149
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 7.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Aarhus Universitet
- Lundbeckfonden
- Novo Nordisk
- Novo Nordisk Fonden
- H. Lundbeck A/S
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Keywords
- Turner syndrome, 45,X monosomy, DNA hypomethylation, DNA methylation, X chromosome methylation, leukocyte transcriptome, repetitive elements, premature ovarian failure, aortic aneurysm, KDM6A, TIMP-1, autoimmune disease, cardiovascular disease
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