Grand-maternal smoking in pregnancy and grandchild’s autistic traits and diagnosed autism
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Although there is considerable research into the genetic background of autism spectrum disorders, environmental factors are likely to contribute to the variation in prevalence over time. Rodent experiments indicate that environmental exposures can have effects on subsequent generations, and human studies indicate that parental prenatal exposures may play a part in developmental variation. Here we use the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) to test the hypothesis that if the mother or father (F1) had been exposed to their own mother's (F0) smoking during pregnancy, the offspring (F2) would be at increased risk of autism. We find an association between maternal grandmother smoking in pregnancy and grand daughters having adverse scores in Social Communication and Repetitive Behaviour measures that are independently predictive of diagnosed autism. In line with this, we show an association with actual diagnosis of autism in her grandchildren. Paternal grandmothers smoking in pregnancy showed no associations.
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Clinical studies suggest that prenatal nicotine exposure may have major developmental consequences across multiple offspring generations, as shown by studies in which grandmaternal smoking during their pregnancy increases the likelihood of early childhood asthma or a diagnosis of autism in their grandchildren.
“Clinical studies suggest that prenatal nicotine exposure may have major developmental consequences across multiple offspring generations, as shown by studies in which grandmaternal smoking during their pregnancy increases the likelihood of early childhood asthma or a diagnosis of autism in their grandchildren [181,182].”
From Nicotine on the developing brain. (2023) · cites this paper as [182]
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- Authors
- Golding, J., Ellis, G., Gregory, S., Birmingham, K., Iles-Caven, Y., Rai, D., & Pembrey, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Golding, Jean
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2017-04-27
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 46179-46179
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5407180
- OpenAlex
- W2601388643
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 4.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Silicon Valley Community Foundation (2015-139645)
- Wellcome Trust (102215/2/13/2), 102215, 102215/2/13/)
- University of Bristol (102215/2/13/2)
- Medical Research Council (102215, ref: 102215/2/13/2, 102215/2/13/2, MC_PC_15018)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- prenatal tobacco exposure, autism spectrum disorder, autistic traits, social communication, repetitive behavior, maternal smoking, paternal smoking, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
- MeSH terms
- Grandparents, Adult, Autistic Disorder, Communication, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Smoking, Social Behavior, Odds Ratio, Quantitative Trait, Heritable
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