Natriuretic peptides and cardiovascular damage in the metabolic syndrome: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications
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Natriuretic peptides are endogenous antagonists of vasoconstrictor and salt- and water-retaining systems in the body's defence against blood pressure elevation and plasma volume expansion, through direct vasodilator, diuretic and natriuretic properties. In addition, natriuretic peptides may play a role in the modulation of the molecular mechanisms involved in metabolic regulation and cardiovascular remodelling. The metabolic syndrome is characterized by visceral obesity, hyperlipidaemia, vascular inflammation and hypertension, which are linked by peripheral insulin resistance. Increased visceral adiposity may contribute to the reduction in the circulating levels of natriuretic peptides. The dysregulation of neurohormonal systems, including the renin–angiotensin and the natriuretic peptide systems, may in turn contribute to the development of insulin resistance in dysmetabolic patients. In obese subjects with the metabolic syndrome, reduced levels of natriuretic peptides may be involved in the development of hypertension, vascular inflammation and cardio vascular remodelling, and this may predispose to the development of cardiovascular disease. The present review summarizes the regulation and function of the natriuretic peptide system in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome and the involvement of altered bioactive levels of natriuretic peptides in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease in patients with metabolic abnormalities.
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Increases in natriuretic peptides associated with high salt intake and volume loading are diminished in obese compared with lean individuals.
“Increases in NPs associated with high salt intake and volume loading are also diminished in obese compared with lean individuals90–92.”
From Obesity, kidney dysfunction and hypertension: mechanistic links (2019) · cites this paper as [92]
Levels of natriuretic peptides are inappropriately low in obese subjects, and their release in response to volume loading is impaired.
“Not only are levels of natriuretic peptides inappropriately low in obese subjects23, but their release in response to volume loading is impaired24.”
From Obesity-Induced Hypertension: Interaction of Neurohumoral and Renal Mechanisms (2015) · cites this paper as [24]
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Obesity-Induced Hypertension: Interaction of Neurohumoral and Renal Mechanisms
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- Authors
- Savoia, C., Volpe, M., Alonzo, A., Rossi, C., & Rubattu, S.
- Affiliations
- Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea (IT)
- Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Savoia, Carmine
- Volpe, Massimo
- Alonzo, Alessandro
- Rossi, Chiara
- Rubattu, Speranza
- Venue
- Clinical Science
- Publisher
- Portland Press Ltd.
- Published
- 2009-11-09
- Volume
- 118
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 231-240
- ISSN
- 0143-5221 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-8736
- OpenAlex
- W2003498110
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 113
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.scopus.com
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Clinical Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular, Neuropeptides, and Oxidative Stress Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- natriuretic peptides, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, visceral obesity, hypertension, vascular inflammation, cardiovascular remodeling, renin-angiotensin system, neurohumoral regulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, Natriuretic Peptides, Adiposity
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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