The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neurofibrillary tangles, but not Alzheimer‐type pathology, in a young boxer
Abstract
The chronic neurological sequelae of boxing are well described, but there have been few neuropathological studies of boxers dying early in their career. We report the case of a 23‐year‐old boxer, whose brain showed neurofibrillary tangles in all neocortical areas, but remarkable sparing of medial temporal lobe structures. These tangles, assumed to be the result of repetitive head injury, were the only detectable abnormality: none of the other changes previously described in the brains of retired boxers were seen. The distribution and features of the neuropathological findings in this case suggest that the mechanism of tangle formation induced by repetitive head trauma may be different from that in Alzheimer's disease.
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“The conspicuous perivascular nature of the neurofibrillary pathology and its tendency to be irregularly concentrated at the sulcal depths of the cortex in CTE were first noted by Geddes in her description of the neuropathological alterations of five young men, 23– 28 years old, including two boxers, one soccer player, one developmentally challenged individual with a long history of head banging, a”
From The neuropathology of sport (2014) · cites this paper as [66]
In the citing paper
“However, despite evidence for Ab deposition in moderate to severe TBI [94], Ab plaques have not been found in early or mild stages of CTE in young individuals [65, 66, 72, 91, 126] but occur in older subjects with CTE in association with increased age at death [128].”
From The neuropathology of sport (2014) · cites this paper as [66]
In the citing paper
“Although CTE was first identified in association with boxing, CTE has been diagnosed neuropathologically in American football players, professional and amateur boxers, ice hockey players, professional wrestlers, soccer players, rugby players, and a professional baseball player (Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6) [38, 65, 66, 88, 91, 127, 128, 146–148].”
From The neuropathology of sport (2014) · cites this paper as [66]
Citations
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βA4 amyloid protein deposition in brain after head trauma
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Alzheimer's Neurofibrillary Changes: A Topographic Study
HIRANO, A. (1962) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1962.04210030065009 · Cited by 402
Cytokines and Metabolic Dysfunction After Severe Head Injury
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in athletes: Progressive tauopathy after repetitive head injury
McKee, A. C., Cantu, R. C., Nowinski, C. J., Hedley-Whyte, E. T., Gavett, B. E., Budson, A. E., Santini, V. E., Lee, H.-S., Kubilus, C. A., & Stern, R. A. (2009) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e3181a9d503 · Cited by 2,295
the TBI/CTE group, McKee, A. C., Cairns, N. J., Dickson, D. W., Folkerth, R. D., Dirk Keene, C., Litvan, I., Perl, D. P., Stein, T. D., Vonsattel, J.-P., et al. (2016) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-015-1515-z · Cited by 885
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in a National Football League Player
Omalu, B. I., DeKosky, S. T., Minster, R. L., Kamboh, M. I., Hamilton, R. L., & Wecht, C. H. (2005) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000163407.92769.ed · Cited by 894
Chronic neuropathologies of single and repetitive TBI: substrates of dementia?
Smith, D. H., Johnson, V. E., & Stewart, W. (2013) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2013.29 · Cited by 699
CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN A NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE PLAYER: PART II
Omalu, B. I., DeKosky, S. T., Hamilton, R. L., Minster, R. L., Kamboh, M. I., Shakir, A. M., & Wecht, C. H. (2006) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000245601.69451.27 · Cited by 694
Metadata
- Authors
- Geddes, J. F., Vowles, G. H., Robinson, S. F. D., & Sutcliffe, J. C.
- Venue
- Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1996-02
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 12-16
- ISSN
- 0305-1846 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2990
- OpenAlex
- W2033273505
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- neurofibrillary tangles, boxing, repetitive head injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Alzheimer's disease pathology, neuropathology
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Boxing, Brain Injuries, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Temporal Lobe, Neurofibrillary Tangles
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Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Neurofibrillary tangles, but not Alzheimer‐type pathology, in a young boxer. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00840.x
- The paper
- Geddes, J. F., Vowles, G. H., Robinson, S. F. D., & Sutcliffe, J. C. (1996). Neurofibrillary tangles, but not Alzheimer‐type pathology, in a young boxer. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00840.x
