Timecourse of object‐related neural activity in the primate prefrontal cortex during a short‐term memory task

Rainer, Gregor; Miller, Earl K.

doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01958.x

Cited by 113Memory and Neural MechanismsNeural dynamics and brain functionNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Timecourse of object‐related neural activity in the primate prefrontal cortex during a short‐term memory task

Rainer, Gregor, Miller, Earl K.·2002·European Journal of Neuroscience

DOI 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01958.x

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Abstract

We studied the timecourse of neural activity in the primate (Macacca mulatta) prefrontal (PF) cortex during an object delayed‐matching‐to‐sample (DMS) task. To assess the effects of experience on this timecourse, we conducted the task using both novel and highly familiar objects. In addition, noise patterns containing no task‐relevant information were used as samples on some trials. Comparison of average PF ensemble activity relative to baseline activity generated by objects and noise patterns revealed three distinct activity periods. (i) Sample onset elicited a transient sensory visual response. In this sensory period, novel objects elicited stronger average ensemble activity than both familiar objects and noise patterns. (ii) An intermediate period of elevated activity followed, which began before sample offset, and continued well into the delay period. In the intermediate period, activity was elevated for noise patterns and novel objects, but near baseline for familiar objects. (iii) Finally, after average ensemble activity reached baseline activity at the end of the intermediate period, a reactivation period occurred late in the delay. Experience had little effect during reactivation, where activity was elevated for both novel and familiar objects compared to noise patterns. We show that the ensemble average resembles the activity timecourse of many single prefrontal neurons. These results suggest that PF delay activity does not merely maintain recent sensory input, but is subject to more complex experience‐dependent dynamics. This has implications for how delay activity is generated and maintained.

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The time course of memory-related activity varies across different neurons and different task protocols, including persistent, ramping, and multi-phasic activity.
“The time course of memory-related activity varies across different neurons and different task protocols, including persistent, ramping, and multi-phasic activity41-43.”
From A reservoir of time constants for memory traces in cortical neurons (2011) · cites this paper as [41]
Besides reward memory, the activity of primate cortical neurons reflects other types of short-term memory.
“Besides the memory for reward, the activity of primate cortical neurons reflects other types of short-term memory.”
From A reservoir of time constants for memory traces in cortical neurons (2011) · cites this paper as [41]

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European Journal of Neuroscience, Vol. 15, pp. 1244-1254, 2002 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies Timecourse of object-related neural activity in the primate
During, P. C., Rainer, G., & Miller, E. K. (2002)
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Authors: Rainer, G., & Miller, E. K.
Affiliations: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
ORCID: Rainer, Gregor
Miller, Earl K.
Venue: European Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2002-04
Volume: 15
Issue: 7
Pages: 1244-1254
ISSN: 0953-816X (ISSN-L)
1460-9568
DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01958.x
OpenAlex: W2076208166
Cited by: 113
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 3.36
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 29 d)
Locations: European Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: prefrontal cortex, delayed matching-to-sample, short-term memory, delay activity, object familiarity, rhesus monkeys, sensory responses, memory reactivation
MeSH terms: Acoustic Stimulation, Action Potentials, Animals, Auditory Perception, Behavior, Animal, Female, Macaca mulatta, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Neurons, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Time Factors, Prefrontal Cortex

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Timecourse of object‐related neural activity in the primate prefrontal cortex during a short‐term memory task

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