Neural mechanisms for detecting and remembering novel events
Abstract
The ability to detect and respond to novel events is crucial for survival in a rapidly changing environment. Four decades of neuroscientific research has begun to delineate the neural mechanisms by which the brain detects and responds to novelty. Here, we review this research and suggest how changes in neural processing at the cellular, synaptic and network levels allow us to detect, attend to and subsequently remember the occurrence of a novel event.
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Sensory novelty, defined as a small number of stimulus exposures, enhances neural responses throughout visual, frontal and temporal areas.
“Sensory novelty, defined as a small number of stimulus exposures, is known to enhance neural responses throughout visual, frontal and temporal areas”
From Information-seeking, curiosity, and attention: computational and neural mechanisms (2013) · cites this paper as Ranganath and Rainer 2003
Sensory novelty activates reward-responsive dopamine-recipient areas.
“Sensory novelty, defined as a small number of stimulus exposures, is known to enhance neural responses throughout visual, frontal and temporal areas (Ranganath and Rainer 2003) and activate reward responsive dopamine-recipient areas.”
From Information-seeking, curiosity, and attention: computational and neural mechanisms (2013) · cites this paper as Ranganath and Rainer 2003
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Scopolamine affects short-term memory but not inferior temporal neurons
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Scopolamine but Not Lorazepam Modulates Face Repetition Priming A Psychopharmacological fMRI Study
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Scopolamine impairs memory performance and reduces frontal but not parietal visual P3 amplitude
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On the relation between conceptual priming, neural priming, and novelty assessment
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Updating P300: An integrative theory of P3a and P3b
Polich, J. (2007) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2007.04.019 · Cited by 7,919 · see citing works
The brain basis of emotion: a meta-analytic review
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“5), novelty checking is not a new, unique, emotion-specific mental operation – there are many studies on novelty processing in cognitive (see Ranganath & Rainer 2003) and affective neuroscience (Balderston et al. 2011).”
Functional organization of the hippocampal longitudinal axis
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Two cortical systems for memory-guided behaviour
Ranganath, C., & Ritchey, M. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3338 · Cited by 1,377 · see citing works
Self-citationBayesian surprise attracts human attention
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Discovering Event Structure in Continuous Narrative Perception and Memory
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Vigilance, alertness, or sustained attention: physiological basis and measurement
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Information-seeking, curiosity, and attention: computational and neural mechanisms
Gottlieb, J., Oudeyer, P.-Y., Lopes, M., & Baranes, A. (2013) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2013.09.001 · Cited by 784 · see citing works
“Sensory novelty, defined as a small number of stimulus exposures, is known to enhance neural responses throughout visual, frontal and temporal areas (Ranganath and Rainer 2003) and activate reward responsive dopamine-recipient areas.”
Wittmann, B. C., Schott, B. H., Guderian, S., Frey, J. U., Heinze, H.-J., & Düzel, E. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.01.010 · Cited by 698 · see citing works
Dissociable correlates of recollection and familiarity within the medial temporal lobes
Ranganath, C., Yonelinas, A. P., Cohen, M. X., Dy, C. J., Tom, S. M., & D’Esposito, M. (2004) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.07.006 · Cited by 689 · see citing works
Self-citationA direct brainstem–amygdala–cortical ‘alarm’system for subliminal signals of fear.
Liddell, B. J., Brown, K. J., Kemp, A. H., Barton, M. J., Das, P., Peduto, A., Gordon, E., & Williams, L. M. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.016 · Cited by 670 · see citing works
Recollection and familiarity: Examining controversial assumptions and new directions
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“In addition to perception and short-term memory, the MTL also appears to play a role in the processing and detection of novelty (for reviews, see Ranganath and Rainer, 2003; Nyberg, 2005; Kumaran and Maguire, 2007, 2009).”
BackgroundThe hierarchical basis of neurovisceral integration
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The origin of mind: Evolution of brain, cognition, and general intelligence.
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Barto, A., Mirolli, M., & Baldassarre, G. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00907 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Effects of Healthy Aging on Hippocampal and Rhinal Memory Functions: An Event-Related fMRI Study
Daselaar, S. M., Fleck, M. S., Dobbins, I. G., Madden, D. J., & Cabeza, R. (2005) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhj112 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Ranganath, C. (2010) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.20852 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Self-citationNociceptive Laser-Evoked Brain Potentials Do Not Reflect Nociceptive-Specific Neural Activity
Mouraux, A., & Iannetti, G. D. (2009) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.91181.2008 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Statistical learning of visual transitions in monkey inferotemporal cortex
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Amygdala–prefrontal dissociation of subliminal and supraliminal fear
Williams, L. M., Liddell, B. J., Kemp, A. H., Bryant, R. A., Meares, R. A., Peduto, A. S., & Gordon, E. (2006) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20208 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Mechanisms underlying working memory for novel information
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Balderas, I., Rodriguez-Ortiz, C. J., Salgado-Tonda, P., Chavez-Hurtado, J., McGaugh, J. L., & Bermudez-Rattoni, F. (2008) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.1028008 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Hippocampal contributions to the episodic simulation of specific and general future events
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Novelty, conditioning and attentional bias to sexual rewards
Banca, P., Morris, L. S., Mitchell, S., Harrison, N. A., Potenza, M. N., & Voon, V. (2016) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.10.017 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
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Brain training in progress: a review of trainability in healthy seniors
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Catecholaminergic Regulation of Learning Rate in a Dynamic Environment
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The representation of prediction error in auditory cortex
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- Authors
- Ranganath, C., & Rainer, G.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- ORCID
- Rainer, Gregor
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Neuroscience
- Published
- 2003-03
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 193-202
- ISSN
- 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0048
- OpenAlex
- W1998127479
- Cited by
- 779
- References
- 142
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 37
- FWCI
- 3.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- novelty detection, attention, neural mechanisms, synaptic plasticity, artificial neural networks, cellular mechanisms, memory formation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Brain Mapping, Humans, Memory, Models, Neurological, Neuronal Plasticity, Primates, Rodentia, Synapses
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