Gender differences in the prevalence of impaired fasting glycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance in Mauritius. Does sex matter?
Open accessAbstract
Objective To examine gender differences in the characteristics and prevalence of various categories of glucose tolerance in a population study in Mauritius. Research design and methods In 1998, a community‐based cross‐sectional survey was conducted in Mauritius. Categories of glucose metabolism were determined in 5388 adults, with an oral glucose tolerance test given to those who did not have previously diagnosed diabetes (n = 4036). Other cardiovascular risk factors were assessed among those without known diabetes. Results For men and women the prevalence of diabetes (22.0 vs. 21.8%, respectively) and the prevalence of coexisting impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (3.2 vs. 2.9%) were similar. However, men were twice as likely as women to have isolated IFG [5.1% (4.2–6.0) vs. 2.9% (2.3–3.5)], despite being younger, thinner and with lower plasma insulin but higher lipids. Conversely, the prevalence of isolated IGT was lower in men [9.0% (7.9–10.2) vs. 13.9% (12.6–15.1)]. Among non‐diabetic individuals, fasting glucose was higher in men than women, whereas 2‐h glucose was higher in women. In people without diabetes, women had significantly higher body mass index, beta cell function (HOMA‐B), fasting and 2‐h insulin than men and significantly lower waist‐hip ratios, waist circumference, insulin sensitivity (HOMA‐S) and triglycerides. Conclusion In Mauritius, the distribution of impaired glucose metabolism differs by sex. The observation that IFG is more prevalent in men and IGT more prevalent in women raises important questions about their underlying aetiology and the ability of the current glucose thresholds to equally identify men and women at high‐risk of developing diabetes. IFG should be seen as a complimentary category of abnormal glucose tolerance, rather than a replacement for IGT.
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The prevalence of pre-diabetic syndromes such as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) differs by sex, with IFG being more prevalent in men while IGT is more prevalent in women.
“The prevalence of pre-diabetic syndromes such as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) differs by sex, with IFG being more prevalent in men while IGT is more prevalent in women [38–41].”
From Sex differences in metabolic homeostasis, diabetes, and obesity (2015) · cites this paper as [41]
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- Authors
- Williams, J. W., Zimmet, P. Z., Shaw, J. E., De Courten, M. P., Cameron, A. J., Chitson, P., Tuomilehto, J., & Alberti, K. G. M. M.
- Affiliations
- Ministry of Health and Quality of Life (MU)
- Newcastle University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Cameron, A. J.
- Venue
- Diabetic Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-10-22
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 915-920
- ISSN
- 0742-3071 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-5491
- OpenAlex
- W2015552976
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Funders
- World Health Organization
- National Institutes of Health (2r01dk025446-18)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-25446)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Keywords
- gender differences, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes prevalence, glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function, waist-to-hip ratio, cardiovascular risk factors, Mauritius
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Body Constitution, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Fasting, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Mauritius, Middle Aged, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Sex Distribution
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