Patient age, sex, and inflammatory bowel disease phenotype associate with course of primary sclerosing cholangitis
Open accessAbstract
Background & aims Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an orphan hepatobiliary disorder associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to estimate the risk of disease progression based on distinct clinical phenotypes in a large international cohort of patients with PSC.Methods We performed a retrospective outcome analysis of patients diagnosed with PSC from 1980 through 2010 at 37 centers in Europe, North America, and Australia. For each patient, we collected data on sex, clinician-reported age at and date of PSC and IBD diagnoses, phenotypes of IBD and PSC, and date and indication of IBD-related surgeries. The primary and secondary endpoints were liver transplantation or death (LTD) and hepatopancreatobiliary malignancy, respectively. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to determine the effects of individual covariates on rates of clinical events, with time-to-event analysis ascertained through Kaplan-Meier estimates.Results Of the 7121 patients in the cohort, 2616 met the primary endpoint (median time to event of 14.5 years) and 721 developed hepatopancreatobiliary malignancy. The most common malignancy was cholangiocarcinoma (n = 594); patients of advanced age at diagnosis had an increased incidence compared with younger patients (incidence rate: 1.2 per 100 patient-years for patients younger than 20 years old, 6.0 per 100 patient-years for patients 21-30 years old, 9.0 per 100 patient-years for patients 31-40 years old, 14.0 per 100 patient-years for patients 41-50 years old, 15.2 per 100 patient-years for patients 51-60 years old, and 21.0 per 100 patient-years for patients older than 60 years). Of all patients with PSC studied, 65.5% were men, 89.8% had classical or large-duct disease, and 70.0% developed IBD at some point. Assessing the development of IBD as a time-dependent covariate, Crohn's disease and no IBD (both vs ulcerative colitis) were associated with a lower risk of LTD (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.62; P < .001 and HR, 0.90; P = .03, respectively) and malignancy (HR, 0.68; P = .008 and HR, 0.77; P = .004, respectively). Small-duct PSC was associated with a lower risk of LTD or malignancy compared with classic PSC (HR, 0.30 and HR, 0.15, respectively; both P < .001). Female sex was also associated with a lower risk of LTD or malignancy (HR, 0.88; P = .002 and HR, 0.68; P < .001, respectively). In multivariable analyses assessing the primary endpoint, small-duct PSC characterized a low-risk phenotype in both sexes (adjusted HR for men, 0.23; P < .001 and adjusted HR for women, 0.48; P = .003). Conversely, patients with ulcerative colitis had an increased risk of liver disease progression compared with patients with Crohn's disease (HR, 1.56; P < .001) or no IBD (HR, 1.15; P = .002).Conclusions In an analysis of data from individual patients with PSC worldwide, we found significant variation in clinical course associated with age at diagnosis, sex, and ductal and IBD subtypes. The survival estimates provided might be used to estimate risk levels for patients with PSC and select patients for clinical trials.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The close relationship between PSC and inflammatory bowel disease is likely relevant, as shown by variable disease behaviour depending on the clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel disease.
“The close relationship with IBD is likely relevant, as shown by variable disease behaviour depending on the clinical presentation of IBD.6,8”
From EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on sclerosing cholangitis (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
PSC carries an inherent risk of neoplasia at affected mucosal surfaces, most commonly cholangiocarcinoma and colorectal cancer.
“An important feature of PSC is the inherent risk of neoplasia at the affected mucosal surfaces, most commonly in the form of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and colorectal cancer.[5][6][7]”
From EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on sclerosing cholangitis (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
Cholangiocarcinoma is very rarely seen in patients with small duct PSC.
“CCA is very rarely seen in patients with small duct PSC.6”
From EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on sclerosing cholangitis (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
Most people with PSC have benign strictures leading to end-stage disease and will not develop hepatobiliary malignancy.
“most people with PSC have benign strictures leading to end-stage disease and will not develop hepatobiliary malignancy.6”
From EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on sclerosing cholangitis (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
UC, as opposed to no IBD or Crohn's disease, is associated with faster PSC progression.
“Data supporting that IBD (and its inflammatory activity) is important for PSC progression is that UC, as opposed to no IBD 368 or Crohns disease, is associated with faster PSC progression.6”
From EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on sclerosing cholangitis (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
In a large, multicentre international retrospective study including 781 children and young people diagnosed with PSC, 67% fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for AIH, in contrast to 6.6% in a similar study including 7,121 adults, suggesting higher prevalence in the paediatric population.
“In a large, multicentre international retrospective study including 781 children and young people diagnosed with PSC, 67% fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for AIH, in contrast to 6.6% in a similar study including 7,121 adults, suggesting higher prevalence in the paediatric population.6,427”
From EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on sclerosing cholangitis (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
In the retrospective outcome analysis of patients diagnosed with PSC from 1980 through 2010 at 37 centres, the incidence of CCA in 940 patients <20 years-old was 1.2/100 patient-years increasing with age to 21/100 patient-years for those over the age of 60.
“In the retrospective outcome analysis of patients diagnosed with PSC from 1980 through 2010 at 37 centres in Europe, North America, and Australia including 7,121 patients, the incidence of CCA in 940 patients < -20 years-old was 1.2/100 patient-years increasing with age to 21/100 patientyears for those over the age of 60. 6”
From EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on sclerosing cholangitis (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
Patients with associated UC were at higher risk of developing CCA.
“Patients with associated UC were at higher risk of developing CCA.”
From EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on sclerosing cholangitis (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Part of this paper’s reference list could not be split into single entries.
Contributions to Probability and Statistics: Essays in Honor of Harold Hotelling.
David, F. N., Olkin, I., Ghurye, S. G., Hoeffding, W., Madow, W. G., & Mann, H. B. (1961) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General) · doi:10.2307/2984135 · Cited by 1,914 · see citing works
EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of cholestatic liver diseases
European Association for the Study of the Liver (2009) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2009.04.009 · Cited by 1,729 · see citing works
Assche, G. V., Dignass, A. U., Panés, J., Beaugerie, L., Karagiannis, J. A., Allez, M., Ochsenkühn, T., Orchard, T., Rogler, G., Louis, E. J., et al. (2010) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1016/j.crohns.2009.12.003 · Cited by 1,444 · see citing works
Diagnosis and Management of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Chapman, R. W., Fevery, J., Kalloo, A. N., Nagorney, D. M., Boberg, K. M., Shneider, B. L., & Gores, G. J. (2009) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.23294 · Cited by 1,217 · see citing works
Self-citationDignass, A. U., Eliakim, R., Magro, F., Maaser, C., Chowers, Y., Geboes, K., Mantzaris, G. J., Reinisch, W., Colombel, J., Vermeire, S., et al. (2012) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1016/j.crohns.2012.09.003 · Cited by 885 · see citing works
Natural history and prognostic factors in 305 Swedish patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Broomé, U., Olsson, R., Lööf, L., Bodemar, G., Hultcrantz, R., Danielsson, A., Prytz, H., Sandberg–Gertzén, H., Wallerstedt, S. M., & Lindberg, G. (1996) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.38.4.610 · Cited by 816 · see citing works
Boonstra, K., Weersma, R. K., van Erpecum, K. J., Rauws, E. A., Spanier, B. W. M., Poen, A. C., van Nieuwkerk, K. M., Drenth, J. P., Witteman, B. J., Tuynman, H. A., et al. (2013) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.26565 · Cited by 725 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh-dose ursodeoxycholic acid for the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis
Lindor, K. D., Kowdley, K. V., Luketic, V. A. C., Harrison, E. M., McCashland, T., Befeler, A. S., Harnois, D., Jorgensen, R., Petz, J., Keach, J., et al. (2009) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.23082 · Cited by 720 · see citing works
Self-citationHepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in primary sclerosing cholangitis
Bergquist, A., Ekbom, A., Olsson, R., Kornfeldt, D., Lööf, L., Danielsson, Å., Hultcrantz, R., Lindgren, S., Prytz, H., Sandberg-Gertzén, H., et al. (2002) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(01)00288-4 · Cited by 717 · see citing works
Self-citationThirty-Year Analysis of a Colonoscopic Surveillance Program for Neoplasia in Ulcerative Colitis
Rutter, M. D., Saunders, B. P., Wilkinson, K. H., Rumbles, S., Schofield, G., Kamm, M. A., Williams, C. B., Price, A. B., Talbot, I. C., & Forbes, A. (2006) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.12.035 · Cited by 645 · see citing works
Primary sclerosing cholangitis: Natural history, prognostic factors and survival analysis
Wiesner, R. H., Grambsch, P. M., Dickson, E. R., Ludwig, J., MacCarty, R. L., Hunter, E. B., Fleming, T. R., Fisher, L. D., Beaver, S. J., & LaRusso, N. F. (1989) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.1840100406 · Cited by 641 · see citing works
Epidemiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis: A systematic review
Boonstra, K., Beuers, U., & Ponsioen, C. Y. (2012) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2011.10.025 · Cited by 632 · see citing works
Self-citationPrimary sclerosing cholangitis
Hirschfield, G. M., Karlsen, T. H., Lindor, K. D., & Adams, D. (2013) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60096-3 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Self-citationBoberg, K. M., Chapman, R. W., Hirschfield, G. M., Lohse, A. W., Manns, M. P., & Schrumpf, E. (2011) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.09.002 · Cited by 555 · see citing works
Self-citationIncidence and Risk Factors for Cholangiocarcinoma in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Burak, K. W., Angulo, P., Pasha, T. M., Egan, K. M., Petz, J., & Lindor, K. D. (2004) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.04067.x · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Self-citationACG clinical guideline: primary sclerosing cholangitis
Lindor, K. D., Kowdley, K. V., & Harrison, E. M. (2015) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2015.112 · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Self-citationNatural history and prognostic variables in primary sclerosing cholangitis
Farrant, J. M., Hayllar, K. M., Wilkinson, M. L., Karani, J., Portmann, B. C., Westaby, D., & Williams, R. (1991) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(91)90673-9 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Tischendorf, J. J. W., Hecker, H., Krüger, M., Manns, M. P., & Meier, P. N. (2007) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00872.x · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh lifetime risk of cancer in primary sclerosing cholangitis
Claessen, M. M., Vleggaar, F. P., Tytgat, K. M. A. J., Siersema, P. D., & van Buuren, H. R. (2008) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2008.08.013 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Olsson, R., Boberg, K. M., Schaffalitsky de Muckadell, O., Lindgren, S., Hultcrantz, R., Folvik, G., Bell, H., Gangsøy–Kristiansen, M., Matre, J., Rydning, A., et al. (2005) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.08.017 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
Self-citationCharatcharoenwitthaya, P., Enders, F. B., Halling, K. C., & Lindor, K. D. (2008) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.22441 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Self-citationThe UK-PSCSC Consortium, Liu, J. Z., The International IBD Genetics Consortium, The International PSC Study Group, Hov, J. R., Folseraas, T., Ellinghaus, E., Rushbrook, S. M., Doncheva, N. T., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2013) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.2616 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Self-citationCarbone, M., Mells, G. F., Pells, G., Dawwas, M. F., Newton, J. L., Heneghan, M. A., Neuberger, J. M., Day, D. B., Ducker, S. J., Sandford, R. N., et al. (2013) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.12.005 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
(2007) · Gastroenterology Nursing · doi:10.1097/01.sga.0000267930.44372.16 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
The UK-PSC Consortium, Ji, S.-G., The International IBD Genetics Consortium, The International PSC Study Group, Juran, B. D., Mucha, S., Folseraas, T., Jostins, L., Melum, E., Kumasaka, N., et al. (2017) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.3745 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Self-citationCholangiocarcinoma in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Risk Factors and Clinical Presentation
Boberg, K. M., Bergquist, A. M., Mitchell, S. A., Parés, A. R., Rosina, F., Broomé, U., Chapman, R. W., FAUSA, O., EGELAND, T., Rocca, G., et al. (2002) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/003655202760373434 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Self-citationThe natural history of small-duct primary sclerosing cholangitis
Björnsson, E., Olsson, R., Bergquist, A., Lindgren, S., Braden, B., Chapman, R. W., Boberg, K. M., & Angulo, P. (2008) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.01.042 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Self-citationBergquist, A. M., Glaumann, H., Persson, B., & Broomé, U. (1998) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.510270201 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Self-citationEaton, J. E., Silveira, M. G., Pardi, D. S., Sinakos, E., Kowdley, K. V., Luketic, V. A., Harrison, E. M., McCashland, T. M., Befeler, A. S., Harnois, D. M., et al. (2011) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2011.156 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Self-citationPonsioen, C. Y., Vrouenraets, S. M. E., Prawirodirdjo, W., Rajaram, R., Rauws, E. A., Mulder, C. J. J., Reitsma, J. B., Heisterkamp, S. H., & Tytgat, G. N. J. (2002) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.51.4.562 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Self-citationPrimary sclerosing cholangitis is associated with a distinct phenotype of inflammatory bowel disease
Boonstra, K., van Erpecum, K. J., van Nieuwkerk, K. M. J., Drenth, J. P. H., Poen, A. C., Witteman, B. J. M., Tuynman, H. A. R. E., Beuers, U. H., & Ponsioen, C. Y. (2012) · Inflammatory Bowel Diseases · doi:10.1002/ibd.22938 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Self-citationClinical course and outcome of autoimmune hepatitis/primary sclerosing cholangitis overlap syndrome
Floreani, A., Rizzotto, E. R., Ferrara, F., Carderi, I., Caroli, D., Blasone, L., & Baldo, V. (2005) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.41841.x · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Self-citationLunder, A. K., Hov, J. R., Borthne, A., Gleditsch, J., Johannesen, G., Tveit, K., Viktil, E., Henriksen, M., Hovde, Ø., Huppertz-Hauss, G., et al. (2016) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2016.06.021 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Self-citationCholangiocarcinoma and dominant strictures in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Chapman, M. H., Webster, G. J. M., Bannoo, S., Johnson, G., Wittmann, J., & Pereira, S. P. (2012) · European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1097/meg.0b013e3283554bbf · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Self-citationIncidence and prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in a defined adult population in sweden†
Lindkvist, B., Valle, M., Gullberg, B., & Bjornsson, E. S. (2010) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.23678 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Ellinghaus, D., Folseraas, T., Holm, K., Ellinghaus, E., Melum, E., Balschun, T. C., Laerdahl, J. K., Shiryaev, A., Gotthardt, D. N., Weismüller, T. J., et al. (2012) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.25977 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Self-citationLindström, L., Hultcrantz, R. W., Boberg, K. M., Friis–Liby, I., & Bergquist, A. M. (2013) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2012.12.032 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Self-citationTrivedi, P. J., Lammers, W. J., van Buuren, H. R., Parés, A., Floreani, A., Janssen, H. L. A., Invernizzi, P., Battezzati, P. M., Ponsioen, C. Y., Corpechot, C., et al. (2016) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308351 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Self-citationFour Years Experience With Short Term Stenting in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Ponsioen, C. Y., Lam, K. Y., de Wit, A. W. M. V. M., Huibregtse, K., & Tytgat, G. N. J. (1999) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01364.x · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Self-citationSamuel, S., Ingle, S. B., Dhillon, S., Yadav, S., Harmsen, W. S., Zinsmeister, A. R., Tremaine, W. J., Sandborn, W. J., & Loftus, E. V. (2013) · Inflammatory Bowel Diseases · doi:10.1097/mib.0b013e31828c84c5 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Gotthardt, D. N., Rudolph, G., Klöters-Plachky, P., Kulaksiz, H., & Stiehl, A. (2010) · Gastrointestinal Endoscopy · doi:10.1016/j.gie.2009.10.041 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Self-citationEnhanced liver fibrosis score predicts transplant-free survival in primary sclerosing cholangitis
Vesterhus, M., Hov, J. R., Holm, A., Schrumpf, E., Nygård, S., Godang, K., Andersen, I. M., Næss, S., Thorburn, D., Saffioti, F., et al. (2015) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.27825 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-citationReview article: overlap syndromes and autoimmune liver disease
Trivedi, P. J., & Hirschfield, G. M. (2012) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05223.x · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Self-citationOkolicsànyi, L., Fabris, L., Viaggi, S., Carulli, N., Podda, M., & Ricci, G. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Self-citationToy, E., Balasubramanian, S., Selmi, C. F., Li, C., & Bowlus, C. L. (2011) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/1471-230x-11-83 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Self-citationGulamhusein, A. F., Eaton, J. E., Tabibian, J. H., Atkinson, E. J., Juran, B. D., & Lazaridis, K. N. (2016) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2016.55 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationde Valle, M. B., Björnsson, E., & Lindkvist, B. (2012) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02614.x · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Marelli, L., Xirouchakis, E., Kalambokis, G. N., Cholongitas, Ε., Hamilton, M., & Burroughs, A. K. (2011) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2010.235408 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Rupp, C., Rössler, A., Halibasic, E., Sauer, P., Weiss, K.-H., Friedrich, K., Wannhoff, A., Stiehl, A., Stremmel, W., Trauner, M. A., et al. (2014) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.12979 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationFevery, J., Henckaerts, L., Oirbeek, R. V., Vermeire, S., Rutgeerts, P. J., Nevens, F., & Steenbergen, W. V. (2011) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02575.x · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citationFosby, B., Melum, E., Bjøro, K., Bennet, W., Rasmussen, A., Andersen, I. M., Castedal, M., Olausson, M., Wibeck, C., Gotlieb, M., et al. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3109/00365521.2015.1036359 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationBoberg, K. M., Rocca, G., Egeland, T., Bergquist, A. M., Broomé, U., Caballería, L., Chapman, R. W., Hultcrantz, R. W., Mitchell, S., Parés, A. R., et al. (2002) · Hepatology · doi:10.1053/jhep.2002.31872 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationA unique clinical phenotype of primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with Crohn's disease
Halliday, J., Djordjević, J., Lust, M., Culver, E. L., Braden, B., Travis, S. P. L., & Chapman, R. W. (2011) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1016/j.crohns.2011.07.015 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationLow risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis with cirrhosis
Zenouzi, R., Weismüller, T. J., Hübener, P., Schulze, K., Bubenheim, M., Pannicke, N., Weiler–Normann, C., Lenzen, H., Manns, M. P., Lohse, A. W., et al. (2014) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2014.02.008 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationLindström, L., Boberg, K. M., Wikman, O., Friis–Liby, I., Hultcrantz, R., Prytz, H., Sandberg–Gertzén, H., Sangfelt, P., Rydning, A., Folvik, G., et al. (2012) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04966.x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationJendrek, S. T., Gotthardt, D., Nitzsche, T., Widmann, L., Korf, T., Michaels, M. A., Weiss, K.-H., Liaskou, E., Vesterhus, M., Karlsen, T. H., et al. (2017) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2016-311739 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationValidation of a cholangiographic prognostic model in primary sclerosing cholangitis
Ponsioen, C. Y., Reitsma, J. B., Boberg, K. M., Aabakken, L., Rauws, E. A., & Schrumpf, E. (2010) · Endoscopy · doi:10.1055/s-0030-1255527 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationMaroni, L., van de Graaf, S. F. J., Hohenester, S. D., Elferink, R. P. J. O., & Beuers, U. H. (2014) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-014-8423-1 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationTrivedi, P. J., Corpechot, C., Pares, A., & Hirschfield, G. M. (2016) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.28128 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationRudolph, G., Gotthardt, D. N., Kloeters-Plachky, P., Rost, D., Kulaksiz, H., & Stiehl, A. (2010) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.02.030 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationFevery, J., Van Steenbergen, W., Van Pelt, J., Laleman, W., Hoffman, I., Geboes, K., Vermeire, S., & Nevens, F. (2016) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.13516 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Spectrum of Sclerosing Cholangitis and the Relevance of IgG4 Elevations in Routine Practice
Alswat, K., Al‐Harthy, N., Mazrani, W., Alshumrani, G. A., Jhaveri, K. S., & Hirschfield, G. M. (2011) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2011.375 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationBergquist, A. M., Said, K., & Broomé, U. (2006) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365520600787994 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationThe impact of elevated serum IgG4 levels in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Valle, M., Müller, T., Bjornsson, E. S., Otten, M., Volkmann, M., Guckelberger, O., Wiedenmann, B. J., Sadik, R., Schott, E., Andersson, M., et al. (2014) · Digestive and Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/j.dld.2014.06.010 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Garioud, A., Seksik, P., Chrétien, Y., Corphechot, C., Poupon, R. Y., Poupon, R. E., & Chazouillères, O. (2010) · European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1097/meg.0b013e328331c2b7 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationRupp, C., Bode, K. A., Chahoud, F., Wannhoff, A., Friedrich, K., Weiss, K.-H., Sauer, P., Stremmel, W., & Gotthardt, D. N. (2014) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0562-8 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationSingal, A. K., Stanca, C. M., Clark, V., Dixon, L. R., Levy, C., Odin, J. A., Fiel, M. I., Friedman, S. L., & Bach, N. (2011) · Hepatology International · doi:10.1007/s12072-011-9260-4 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationLong-term Outcomes of Patients With Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Imam, M. H., Silveira, M. G., Sinakos, E., Gossard, A. A., Jorgensen, R. A., Keach, J. C., DeCook, A. C., & Lindor, K. D. (2011) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2011.09.013 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationZenouzi, R., Weismüller, T. J., Jørgensen, K. K., Bubenheim, M., Lenzen, H., Huebener, P., Schulze, K., Weiler‐Normann, C., Sebode, M., Ehlken, H., et al. (2016) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2016.07.032 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationRudolph, G. G., Gotthardt, D. N., Kloeters-Plachky, P., Kulaksiz, H., Schirmacher, P., & Stiehl, A. (2011) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1763-2 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationDisease Course and Colectomy Rate of Ulcerative Colitis
Manetti, N., Bagnoli, S., Rogai, F., Bonanomi, A. G., Vannozzi, G., Giannotta, M., & Annese, V. (2016) · Inflammatory Bowel Diseases · doi:10.1097/mib.0000000000000787 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Evaluation of Biliary Calprotectin as a Biomarker in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Gauss, A., Sauer, P., Stiehl, A., Rupp, C., Krisam, J., Leopold, Y., Kloeters-Plachky, P., Stremmel, W., & Gotthardt, D. N. (2016) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000003510 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationOrthotopic liver transplantation for cholestatic diseases.
Patkowski, W., Skalski, M., Zieniewicz, K., Nyckowski, P., Smoter, P., & Krawczyk, M. J. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Imam, M. H., Thackeray, E. W., & Lindor, K. D. (2012) · Colorectal Disease · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1318.2012.03133.x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Berzigotti, A., Tsochatzis, E., Boursier, J., Castera, L., Cazzagon, N., Friedrich-Rust, M., Petta, S., & Thiele, M. (2021) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2021.05.025 · Cited by 1,925 · see citing works
Primary sclerosing cholangitis – a comprehensive review
Karlsen, T. H., Folseraas, T., Thorburn, D., & Vesterhus, M. (2017) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.07.022 · Cited by 868 · see citing works
Self-citationBrindley, P. J., Bachini, M., Ilyas, S. I., Khan, S. A., Loukas, A. C., Sirica, A. E., Teh, B. T., Wongkham, S., & Gores, G. J. (2021) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-021-00300-2 · Cited by 860 · see citing works
Gut-liver axis: Pathophysiological concepts and clinical implications
Tilg, H., Adolph, T. E., & Trauner, M. (2022) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2022.09.017 · Cited by 843 · see citing works
Self-citationGuidelines on the management of abnormal liver blood tests
Newsome, P. N., Cramb, R., Davison, S. M., Dillon, J. F., Foulerton, M., Godfrey, E. M., Hall, R., Harrower, U., Hudson, M., Langford, A., et al. (2017) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314924 · Cited by 539 · see citing works
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Dyson, J. K., Beuers, U. H., Jones, D. E. J., Lohse, A. W., & Hudson, M. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)30300-3 · Cited by 479 · see citing works
Self-citationAASLD practice guidance on primary sclerosing cholangitis and cholangiocarcinoma
Bowlus, C. L., Arrivé, L., Bergquist, A. M., Deneau, M. R., Forman, L., Ilyas, S. I., Lunsford, K. E., Martínez, M., Sapisochín, G., Shroff, R. T., et al. (2022) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.32771 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Self-citationEASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on sclerosing cholangitis
Chazouilleres, O., Beuers, U., Bergquist, A., Karlsen, T. H., Levy, C., Samyn, M., Schramm, C., & Trauner, M. (2022) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2022.05.011 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Self-citationECCO Guidelines on Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Gordon, H., Burisch, J. M., Ellul, P., Κarmiris, K., Katsanos, K., Allocca, M., Bamias, G., Acosta, M. B., Braithwaite, T., Greuter, T., et al. (2023) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad108 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Self-citationECCO Guidelines on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Malignancies
Gordon, H., Biancone, L., Fiorino, G., Katsanos, K. H., Kopylov, U., Sulais, E. A., Axelrad, J. E., Balendran, K., Burisch, J. M., de Ridder, L., et al. (2022) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac187 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Chapman, M. H., Thorburn, D., Hirschfield, G. M., Webster, G. G. J., Rushbrook, S. M., Alexander, G., Collier, J., Dyson, J. K., Jones, D. E., Patanwala, I., et al. (2019) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317993 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Self-citationAabakken, L., Karlsen, T., Albert, J., Arvanitakis, M., Chazouilleres, O., Dumonceau, J.-M., Färkkilä, M., Fickert, P., Hirschfield, G., Laghi, A., et al. (2017) · Endoscopy · doi:10.1055/s-0043-107029 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Self-citationRecent advances in clinical practice: Epidemiology of autoimmune liver diseases
Trivedi, P. J., & Hirschfield, G. M. (2021) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322362 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Self-citationFungi participate in the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Lemoinne, S., Kemgang, A., Belkacem, K. B., Straube, M., Jégou, S., Corpechot, C., Saint-Antoine IBD Network, Chazouillères, O., Housset, C., & Sokol, H. (2019) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317791 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Self-citationMuir, A. J., Levy, C., Janssen, H. L. A., Montano‐Loza, A. J., Shiffman, M. L., Caldwell, S., Luketic, V., Ding, D., Jia, C., McColgan, B. J., et al. (2019) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.30237 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Self-citationLapitz, A., Azkargorta, M., Milkiewicz, P., Olaizola, P., Zhuravleva, E., Grimsrud, M. M., Schramm, C., Arbelaiz, A., O’Rourke, C. J., Casta, A. L., et al. (2023) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.027 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Self-citationTrivedi, P. J., Crothers, H., Mytton, J., Bosch, S., Iqbal, T., Ferguson, J., & Hirschfield, G. M. (2020) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.049 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Self-citationSex-based differences in inflammatory bowel diseases: a review
Rustgi, S. D., Kayal, M., & Shah, S. C. (2020) · Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1177/1756284820915043 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Eaton, J. E., Vesterhus, M. N., McCauley, B. M., Atkinson, E. J., Schlicht, E. M., Juran, B. D., Gossard, A. A., LaRusso, N. F., Gores, G. J., Karlsen, T. H., et al. (2018) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.30085 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Self-citationSex matters: impact on pathogenesis, presentation and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
Goodman, W. A., Erkkila, I. P., & Pizarro, T. T. (2020) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-020-0354-0 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of autoimmune hepatitis
Dalekos, G., Gatselis, N., Drenth, J. P. H., Heneghan, M., Jørgensen, M., Lohse, A. W., Londoño, M., Muratori, L., Papp, M., Samyn, M., et al. (2025) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2025.03.017 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Self-citationSchramm, C., Eaton, J. E., Ringe, K. I., Venkatesh, S. K., Yamamura, J., & for the MRI working group of the IPSCSG (2017) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29293 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationA novel prognostic model for transplant-free survival in primary sclerosing cholangitis
de Vries, E. M., Wang, J., Williamson, K. D., Leeflang, M., Boonstra, K., Weersma, R. K., Beuers, U. H., Chapman, R. W., Geskus, R. B., & Ponsioen, C. Y. (2017) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313681 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Self-citationTrivedi, P. J., Bowlus, C. L., Yimam, K. K., Razavi, H. A., & Estes, C. (2021) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2021.08.039 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Self-citationGut microbiome in primary sclerosing cholangitis: A review
Little, R., Wine, E., Kamath, B. M., Griffiths, A. M., & Ricciuto, A. (2020) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i21.2768 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Trivedi, P. J., & Adams, D. (2017) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjx145 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationCancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance strategies
Fung, B. M., Lindor, K. D., & Tabibian, J. H. (2019) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v25.i6.659 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Self-citationThe microbiota and the gut–liver axis in primary sclerosing cholangitis
Hov, J. R., & Karlsen, T. H. (2022) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-022-00690-y · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationAutoimmune biliary diseases: primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis
Sarcognato, S., Sacchi, D., Grillo, F., Cazzagon, N., Fabris, L., Cadamuro, M., Cataldo, I., Covelli, C., Mangia, A., & Guido, M. (2021) · Pathologica · doi:10.32074/1591-951x-245 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citationAwoniyi, M., Wang, J., Ngo, B., Meadows, V., Tam, J. W., Viswanathan, A., Lai, Y., Montgomery, S. A., Farmer, M., Kummen, M., et al. (2022) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326500 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationInflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis: One disease or two?
van Munster, K. N., Bergquist, A. M., & Ponsioen, C. Y. (2023) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2023.09.031 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationShah, S. C., ten Hove, J. R., Castaneda, D., Palmela, C., Mooiweer, E., Colombel, J.-F., Harpaz, N., Ullman, T. A., van Bodegraven, A. A., Jansen, J. M., et al. (2018) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2018.01.023 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationBowlus, C. L., Lim, J. K., & Lindor, K. D. (2019) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2019.07.011 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationCholestatic Liver Disease: Current Treatment Strategies and New Therapeutic Agents
Hasegawa, S., Yoneda, M., Kurita, Y., Nogami, A., Honda, Y., Hosono, K., & Nakajima, A. (2021) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-021-01545-7 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Aabakken, L., Karlsen, T. H., Albert, J., Arvanitakis, M., Chazouilleres, O., Dumonceau, J.-M., Färkkilä, M., Fickert, P., Hirschfield, G. M., Laghi, A., et al. (2017) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.02.013 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationGoode, E. C., Clark, A., Mells, G. F., Srivastava, B., Spiess, K., Gelson, W., Trivedi, P. J., Lynch, K. D., Castren, E., Vesterhus, M. N., et al. (2018) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.30479 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citationLynch, K. D., Chapman, R. W., Keshav, S., Montano-Loza, A. J., Mason, A. L., Kremer, A. E., Vetter, M., de Krijger, M., Ponsioen, C. Y., Trivedi, P., et al. (2020) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2019.05.013 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Self-citationLindström, L., Jørgensen, K. K., Boberg, K. M., Castedal, M., Rasmussen, A., Rostved, A. A., Isoniemi, H., Bottai, M., & Bergquist, A. M. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365521.2017.1421705 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Self-citationPrimary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease comorbidity: an update of the evidence
Mertz, A. T. (2019) · Annals of Gastroenterology · doi:10.20524/aog.2019.0344 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Rühlemann, M. C., Liwinski, T., Heinsen, F., Bang, C., Zenouzi, R., Kummen, M., Thingholm, L. B., Tempel, M., Lieb, W., Karlsen, T. H., et al. (2019) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.15375 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationCholangiocarcinoma in Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC): a Comprehensive Review
Song, J., Li, Y., Bowlus, C. L., Yang, G., Leung, P. S. C., & Gershwin, M. E. (2019) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-019-08764-7 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationCholangiocarcinoma 2026: status quo, unmet needs and priorities
Bañales, J. M., Rodrigues, P. M., Affò, S., Andersen, J. B., Aspichueta, P., Boulter, L., Bridgewater, J. A., Calvisi, D. F., Cárdenas, A., Cardinale, V., et al. (2025) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-025-01153-w · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationPonsioen, C. Y., Assis, D. N., Boberg, K. M., Bowlus, C. L., Deneau, M., Thorburn, D., Aabakken, L., Färkkilä, M., Petersen, B., Rupp, C., et al. (2021) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2021.07.046 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationThe IBD and PSC phenotypes of PSC-IBD
Ricciuto, A., Kamath, B. M., & Griffiths, A. M. (2018) · Current Gastroenterology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11894-018-0620-2 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Schneditz, G., Elias, J. E., Pagano, E., Cader, M. Z., Saveljeva, S., Long, K. R., Mukhopadhyay, S., Arasteh, J. M., Lawley, T. D., Dougan, G., et al. (2019) · Science Signaling · doi:10.1126/scisignal.aau9048 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationGarber, A., & Regueiro, M. D. (2019) · Current Gastroenterology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11894-019-0698-1 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
New insights into cholangiocarcinoma: multiple stems and related cell lineages of origin
Bragazzi, M. C. (2017) · Annals of Gastroenterology · doi:10.20524/aog.2017.0209 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Sørensen, J. Ø., Nielsen, O. H., Andersson, M., Ainsworth, M. A., Ytting, H., Bélard, E., & Jess, T. (2017) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.13548 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Hepatobiliary Manifestations and Complications in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review
Fousekis, F. S., Theopistos, V. I., Katsanos, K. H., Tsianos, E. V., & Christodoulou, D. K. (2018) · Gastroenterology Research · doi:10.14740/gr990w · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Venkatesh, S. K., Welle, C. L., Miller, F. H., Jhaveri, K. S., Ringe, K. I., Eaton, J. E., Bungay, H. K., Arrivé, L., Ba‐Ssalamah, A., Grigoriadis, A., et al. (2021) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-021-08147-7 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationS2k Leitlinie Autoimmune Lebererkrankungen
Authors, Collaborators:, durch:, E. B., Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, V. U. S. (. (., (DGIM), D. G. F. I. M., (DCCV), D. M. C. U. V., e.V., D. L., (DEGUM), D. G. F. U. I. D. M., (DGE-BV), D. G. F. E. U. B. V., (DGKJ), D. G. F. K. U. J., et al. (2017) · Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie · doi:10.1055/s-0043-120199 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Barner-Rasmussen, N., Pukkala, E., Jussila, A., & Färkkilä, M. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365521.2019.1707277 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationVesterhus, M. N., & Karlsen, T. H. (2020) · Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1007/s00535-020-01681-z · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationNordenvall, C., Olén, O., Nilsson, P. J., von Seth, E., Ekbom, A., Bottai, M., Myrelid, P., & Bergquist, A. (2018) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.14393 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationLemoinne, S., Cazzagon, N., El Mouhadi, S., Trivedi, P. J., Dohan, A., Kemgang, A., Ben Belkacem, K., Housset, C., Chretien, Y., Corpechot, C., et al. (2019) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2019.03.013 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationKim, Y. S., Hurley, E., Park, Y., & Ko, S. (2023) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s12276-023-01042-9 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Villard, C., Friis–Liby, I., Rorsman, F., Said, K., Warnqvist, A., Cornillet, M., Kechagias, S., Nyhlin, N., Werner, M., Janczewska, I., et al. (2022) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2022.11.011 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationMehta, T. I., Weissman, S. I., Fung, B. M., Sotiriadis, J., Lindor, K. D., & Tabibian, J. H. (2021) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.15007 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationRupp, C., Hippchen, T., Bruckner, T., Klöters-Plachky, P., Schaible, A., Koschny, R., Stiehl, A., Gotthardt, D. N., & Sauer, P. (2019) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316801 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationThe gut microbial influence on cholestatic liver disease
Kummen, M., & Hov, J. R. (2019) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.14153 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Chung, B. K., Karlsen, T. H., & Folseraas, T. (2017) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.08.020 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationDesign and Endpoints for Clinical Trials in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Ponsioen, C. Y., Lindor, K. D., Mehta, R., & Dimick‐Santos, L. (2018) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29882 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationActivation of the GPR35 pathway drives angiogenesis in the tumour microenvironment
Pagano, E., Elias, J. E., Schneditz, G., Saveljeva, S., Holland, L. M., Borrelli, F., Karlsen, T. H., Kaser, A., & Kaneider, N. C. (2021) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323363 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationDhillon, A. K., Kummen, M., Trøseid, M., Åkra, S., Liaskou, E., Moum, B. A., Vesterhus, M., Karlsen, T. H., Seljeflot, I., & Hov, J. R. (2018) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.13979 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationAli, A. H., Damman, J., Shah, S. B., Davies, Y. K., Hurwitz, M., Stephen, M., Lemos, L. M., Carey, E. J., Lindor, K. D., Buness, C. W., et al. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365521.2020.1787501 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationThe oral microbiome in autoimmune diseases: friend or foe?
Huang, X., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Zheng, J., Ye, L., Mai, Z., Zhao, X., Cui, L., & Huang, S. (2023) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-023-03995-x · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Statin use is associated with improved outcomes of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Stokkeland, K., Höijer, J., Bottai, M., Söderberg-Löfdal, K., & Bergquist, A. (2019) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2018.11.002 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationGoeppert, B. F., Folseraas, T., Roessler, S. K., Kloor, M., Volckmar, A., Endris, V., Buchhalter, I., Stenzinger, A., Grzyb, K., Grimsrud, M. M., et al. (2020) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.31110 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationRicciuto, A., Kamath, B. M., Hirschfield, G. M., & Trivedi, P. J. (2023) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.030 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Microbiome in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Current Evidence and Potential Concepts
Hov, J., & Karlsen, T. (2017) · Seminars in Liver Disease · doi:10.1055/s-0037-1608801 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationPrimary sclerosing cholangitis
Rabiee, A., & Silveira, M. G. (2020) · Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.21037/tgh-20-266 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Twenty-Year Comparative Analysis of Patients With Autoimmune Liver Diseases on Transplant Waitlists
Webb, G. J., Rana, A. A., Hodson, J. A., Akhtar, M. Z., Ferguson, J., Neuberger, J., Vierling, J. M., & Hirschfield, G. M. (2017) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2017.09.062 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationPrimary sclerosing cholangitis
Manns, M. P., Bergquist, A. M., Karlsen, T. H., Levy, C., Muir, A. J., Ponsioen, C. Y., Trauner, M., Wong, G. L., & Younossi, Z. M. (2025) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-025-00600-x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationLiver Transplant for Cholangiocarcinoma
Zamora‐Valdés, D., & Heimbach, J. K. (2018) · Gastroenterology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2018.01.002 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Emerging Technologies for the Diagnosis of Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma
Ilyas, S. I., Eaton, J. E., Yang, J. D., Chandrasekhara, V., & Gores, G. J. (2018) · Seminars in Liver Disease · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1655775 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Gwela, A., Siddhanathi, P., Chapman, R. W., Travis, S. P. L., Powrie, F. M., Arancibia-Cárcamo, C. V., & Geremia, A. (2017) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjx050 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationExtrahepatic autoimmunity in autoimmune liver disease
Floreani, A., Martin, S. D., Secchi, M. F., & Cazzagon, N. (2018) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2018.10.014 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationTrivedi, P. J., Reece, J., Laing, R. W., Slaney, E., Cooney, R. M., Gunson, B. K., Kamarajah, S. K., Pinkney, T. D., Thompson, F., Muiesan, P., et al. (2018) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.14828 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationTrivedi, P. J., Muir, A. J., Levy, C., Bowlus, C. L., Manns, M. P., Lu, X., Crans, G., Chung, C., Subramanian, G. M., Myers, R. P., et al. (2021) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2020.07.032 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationRecent Advances in the Management of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Assis, D. N., & Bowlus, C. L. (2023) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2023.04.004 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationTabibian, J. H., Ali, A. H., & Lindor, K. D. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationSex-related factors in autoimmune liver diseases
Schwinge, D., & Schramm, C. (2018) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-018-0715-8 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationHilscher, M. B., Kamath, P. S., & Eaton, J. E. (2020) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.01.015 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The Epidemiology of UK Autoimmune Liver Disease Varies With Geographic Latitude
Webb, G. J., Ryan, R. P., Marshall, T. P., & Hirschfield, G. M. (2021) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2021.01.029 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationVedeld, H. M., Grimsrud, M. M., Andresen, K., Pharo, H. D., von Seth, E., Karlsen, T. H., Honne, H., Paulsen, V., Färkkilä, M. A., Bergquist, A. M., et al. (2021) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.32125 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationDean, G., Hanauer, S. B., & Levitsky, J. (2020) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.31311 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Impact on follow‐up strategies in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Bergquist, A. M., Weismüller, T. J., Levy, C., Rupp, C., Joshi, D., Nayagam, J. S., Montaño‐Loza, A. J., Lytvyak, E., Wunsch, E., Milkiewicz, P., et al. (2022) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.15286 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationHole, M. J., Jørgensen, K. K., Holm, K., Braadland, P. R., Meyer‐Myklestad, M. H., Medhus, A. W., Reikvam, D. H., Götz, A., Grzyb, K., Boberg, K. M., et al. (2022) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.32773 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationDumonceau, J., Delhaye, M., Charette, N., & Farina, A. (2020) · Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1177/1756284820927292 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Zhang, R., Lauwers, G. Y., & Choi, W. (2022) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac090 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Increased risk of cancer in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Båve, A. L., Bergquist, A. M., Bottai, M., Warnqvist, A., von Seth, E., & Nordenvall, C. A. M. (2021) · Hepatology International · doi:10.1007/s12072-021-10214-6 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationKuo, A., Gomel, R., Safer, R., Lindor, K. D., Everson, G. T., & Bowlus, C. L. (2018) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2018.04.047 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationBuchholz, B. M., Lykoudis, P. M., Ravikumar, R., Pollok, J. M., & Fusai, G. (2018) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v24.i28.3171 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Grand round: Autoimmune hepatitis
Trivedi, P. J., Hübscher, S. G., Heneghan, M., Gleeson, D. C., & Hirschfield, G. M. (2018) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2018.11.006 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationNew epidemiologic trends in cholangiocarcinoma
Pascale, A., Rosmorduc, O., & Duclos‐Vallée, J. (2023) · Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2023.102223 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Management of primary sclerosing cholangitis and its complications: an algorithmic approach
Prokopič, M., & Beuers, U. H. (2020) · Hepatology International · doi:10.1007/s12072-020-10118-x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationZigmond, E., Zecher, B. F., Bartels, A.-L., Ziv‐Baran, T., Rösch, T., Schachschal, G., Lohse, A. W., Ehlken, H., & Schramm, C. (2022) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2022.09.006 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationGrigoriadis, A., Ringe, K. I., Andersson, M., Kartalis, N., & Bergquist, A. (2021) · European Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109884 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of natural killer cells in liver inflammation
Highton, A. J., Schuster, I. S., Degli‐Esposti, M. A., & Altfeld, M. A. (2021) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-021-00877-6 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Immunomodulatory Effects of Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Autoimmune Liver Diseases
Zhang, W., Mackay, C. R., & Gershwin, M. E. (2023) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2300016 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
- Authors
- Weismüller, T. J., Trivedi, P. J., Bergquist, A., Imam, M., Lenzen, H., Ponsioen, C. Y., Holm, K., Gotthardt, D., Färkkilä, M. A., Marschall, H.-U., Thorburn, D., Weersma, R. K., Fevery, J., Mueller, T., Chazouillères, O., Schulze, K., Lazaridis, K. N., Almer, S., Pereira, S. P., Levy, C., Mason, A., Naess, S., Bowlus, C. L., Floreani, A., Halilbasic, E., Yimam, K. K., Milkiewicz, P., Beuers, U., Huynh, D. K., Pares, A., Manser, C. N., Dalekos, G. N., Eksteen, B., Invernizzi, P., Berg, C. P., Kirchner, G. I., Sarrazin, C., Zimmer, V., Fabris, L., Braun, F., Marzioni, M., Juran, B. D., Said, K., Rupp, C., Jokelainen, K., Benito de Valle, M., Saffioti, F., Cheung, A., Trauner, M., Schramm, C., Chapman, R. W., Karlsen, T. H., Schrumpf, E., Strassburg, C. P., Manns, M. P., Lindor, K. D., Hirschfield, G. M., Hansen, B. E., & Boberg, K. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Bonn (DE)
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham (GB)
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (DE)
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Oslo University Hospital (NO)
- University Hospital Heidelberg (DE)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- The Royal Free Hospital (GB)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (FR)
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- Linköping University (SE)
- University College London (GB)
- University of Miami (US)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Medical University of Vienna (AT)
- California Pacific Medical Center (US)
- Medical University of Warsaw (PL)
- Royal Adelaide Hospital (AU)
- University Hospital Zurich (CH)
- University of Calgary (CA)
- University of Milan (IT)
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- University Hospital Regensburg (DE)
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes (DE)
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (DE)
- Marche Polytechnic University (IT)
- John Radcliffe Hospital (GB)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (GB)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Weismüller, Tobias J.
- Boberg, Kirsten M.
- ORCID
- Weismüller, Tobias J.
- Trivedi, Palak J.
- Bergquist, Annika
- Imam, Mohamad
- Lenzen, Henrike
- Ponsioen, Cyriel Y.
- Holm, Kristian
- Gotthardt, Daniel
- Färkkilä, Martti A.
- Marschall, Hanns-Ulrich
- Thorburn, Douglas
- Weersma, Rinse K.
- Fevery, Johan
- Mueller, Tobias
- Chazouillères, Olivier
- Schulze, Kornelius
- Lazaridis, Konstantinos N.
- Almer, Sven
- Pereira, Stephen P.
- Levy, Cynthia
- Mason, Andrew
- Bowlus, Christopher L.
- Floreani, Annarosa
- Halilbasic, Emina
- Milkiewicz, Piotr
- Beuers, Ulrich
- Eksteen, Bertus
- Invernizzi, Pietro
- Berg, Christoph P.
- Zimmer, Vincent
- Fabris, Luca
- Braun, Felix
- Marzioni, Marco
- Said, Karouk
- Rupp, Christian
- Saffioti, Francesca
- Cheung, Angela
- Trauner, Michael
- Schramm, Christoph
- Chapman, Roger W.
- Karlsen, Tom H.
- Strassburg, Christian P.
- Manns, Michael P.
- Lindor, Keith D.
- Hirschfield, Gideon M.
- Hansen, Bettina E.
- Boberg, Kirsten M.
- Venue
- Gastroenterology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 152
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1975-1984.e8
- ISSN
- 0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5546611
- OpenAlex
- W2594589478
- Cited by
- 533
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 49 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 24 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 28.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- University of Regensburg Publication Server (University of Regensburg) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Thessaly Institutional Repository (University of Thessaly) (submittedVersion)
- Università Politecnica delle Marche (Università Politecnica delle Marche) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK084960)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pediatric Hepatobiliary Diseases and Treatments
- Keywords
- primary sclerosing cholangitis, inflammatory bowel disease, cholangiocarcinoma, liver transplantation, disease progression, age at diagnosis, sex differences, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, IBD surgery, mortality
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Australia, Colitis, Ulcerative, Crohn Disease, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, North America, Phenotype, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Cholangitis, Sclerosing, Incidence, Multivariate Analysis, Chi-Square Distribution, Proportional Hazards Models, Liver Transplantation, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Disease Progression, Risk Assessment, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
