Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Testosterone Levels in Men
Open accessAbstract
The male reproductive tract has been identified as a target tissue for vitamin D, and previous data suggest an association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with testosterone levels in men. We therefore aimed to evaluate whether vitamin D supplementation influences testosterone levels in men. Healthy overweight men undergoing a weight reduction program who participated in a randomized controlled trial were analyzed for testosterone levels. The entire study included 200 nondiabetic subjects, of whom 165 participants (54 men) completed the trial. Participants received either 83 μg (3,332 IU) vitamin D daily for 1 year (n = 31) or placebo (n =2 3). Initial 25(OH)D concentrations were in the deficiency range (< 50 nmol/l) and testosterone values were at the lower end of the reference range (9.09-55.28 nmol/l for males aged 20-49 years) in both groups. Mean circulating 25(OH)D concentrations increased significantly by 53.5 nmol/l in the vitamin D group, but remained almost constant in the placebo group. Compared to baseline values, a significant increase in total testosterone levels (from 10.7 ± 3.9 nmol/l to 13.4 ± 4.7 nmol/l; p < 0.001), bioactive testosterone (from 5.21 ± 1.87 nmol/l to 6.25 ± 2.01 nmol/l; p = 0.001), and free testosterone levels (from 0.222 ± 0.080 nmol/l to 0.267 ± 0.087 nmol/l; p = 0.001) were observed in the vitamin D supplemented group. By contrast, there was no significant change in any testosterone measure in the placebo group. Our results suggest that vitamin D supplementation might increase testosterone levels. Further randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm this hypothesis.
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Vitamin D supplementation (3332 IU/day for one year) increases testosterone levels in men.
“Pilz et al. [26] observed higher levels of testosterone in men who had been supplemented with 3332 IU/day of vitamin D for one year.”
From Influence of Sunlight and Oral D3 Supplementation on Serum 25(OH)D Concentration and Exercise Performance in Elite Soccer Players (2020) · cites this paper as [26]
Vitamin D induces myogenesis and muscle protein synthesis causing increases in fast-twitch muscle cells.
“Vitamin D induces myogenesis and muscle protein synthesis causing increases in fast-twitch muscle cells [1,6,26].”
From Influence of Sunlight and Oral D3 Supplementation on Serum 25(OH)D Concentration and Exercise Performance in Elite Soccer Players (2020) · cites this paper as [26]
High-risk comparisons were Zittermann 2019/EVITA and Pilz 2011.
“High-risk comparisons were Zittermann 2019 [31]/EVITA and Pilz 2011 [17].”
Existing trials have yielded mixed findings: some reported increases in total testosterone, calculated free testosterone, bioactive testosterone, or free androgen index after supplementation, whereas others showed no meaningful change in total testosterone, SHBG, or free testosterone-related outcomes.
“Existing trials have yielded mixed findings: some reported increases in TT, calculated FT, BAT, or FAI after supplementation, whereas others showed no meaningful change in TT, SHBG, or FT-related outcomes [17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33].”
Pilz et al. reported within-group increases in total testosterone, calculated free testosterone, and bioactive testosterone after one year of vitamin D supplementation in overweight men participating in a weight-loss program.
“Pilz et al. reported within-group increases in TT, calculated FT, and BAT after one year of vitamin D supplementation in overweight men participating in a weight-loss program [17].”
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- Authors
- Pilz, S., Frisch, S., Koertke, H., Kuhn, J., Dreier, J., Obermayer-Pietsch, B., Wehr, E., & Zittermann, A.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of Graz (AT)
- Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia (DE)
- Venue
- Hormone and Metabolic Research
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 2010-12-10
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 03
- Pages
- 223-225
- ISSN
- 0018-5043 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-4286
- OpenAlex
- W2079831502
- Cited by
- 325
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 6.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Hormone and Metabolic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
- Keywords
- vitamin D supplementation, testosterone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, free testosterone, male reproductive tract, vitamin D deficiency, weight loss, overweight men
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Humans, Middle Aged, Obesity, Testosterone, Vitamin D, Dietary Supplements
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