Das Zwangsinventar OCI-R - die deutsche Version des Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised

Gönner, Sascha; Leonhart, Rainer; Ecker, Willi

doi:10.1055/s-2007-970894

Cited by 141Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum DisordersAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research

Das Zwangsinventar OCI-R - die deutsche Version des Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised

Gönner, Sascha, Leonhart, Rainer, Ecker, Willi·2007·PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie

DOI 10.1055/s-2007-970894

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The English original version of the OCI-R is a brief, psychometrically sound scale measuring the major symptoms of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) on six dimensions: checking, washing, ordering, hoarding, obsessing and neutralizing. It has good convergent and discriminant validity and is sensitive to treatment effects. A German OCI-R version has not been examined until now. METHOD: Reliability and validity of an authorized German version of the OCI-R were examined in a sample of 175 patients with OCD. The patients were diagnosed by experienced psychotherapists via an interview that utilized the International Diagnostic Checklists. Other measures for anxiety, worry, depression and perfectionism were used to determine convergent and discriminant validity. RESULTS: The full scale and five of six subscales had excellent internal consistency and "Neutralizing" had satisfactory internal consistency. A confirmatory factor analysis (SEM) replicated the original factor structure. All global fit indices suggested a good fit for the model. The local fit indices showed an excellent fit for 5 subscales and an acceptable fit for "neutralizing". The German version has good to excellent convergent validity and good divergent validity for the full scale and the subscales. CONCLUSION: The good results of the Foa et al.-study have been replicated in a German sample of patients with OCD. The German version of the OCI-R proved to be a reliable and valid self-report measure of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and appears to measure OCD quite independently from anxiety, worry, depression and perfectionism.

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The OCI-R contains good psychometric properties that have been confirmed for the German version.
“The OCI-R contains good psychometric properties [74, 76, 77] that have been confirmed for the German version [75, 78].”
From Metacognitive Training for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2020) · cites this paper as [78]

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Voderholzer, U., Meule, A., Koch, S., Pfeuffer, S., Netter, A.-L., Lehr, D., & Zisler, E. M. (2024) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/52790 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Differences in conditioning using unconditioned stimuli evoking fear, disgust or both emotions simultaneously
Lipp, A., & Zlomuzica, A. (2025) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2025.104805 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Zwangsstörung
Salkovskis, P. M., Ertle, A., & Kirk, J. W. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-54909-4_4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Effects of acceptance-based strategies on psychological responses to disorder-relevant stimuli in inpatients with obsessive–compulsive disorder: An experimental study
Kolar, D. R., Meule, A., Zisler, E. M., Schwartz, C., & Voderholzer, U. (2023) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2023.101890 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Prenatal sex hormones and finger length: Digit ratio (2D:4D) as a biological marker of early developmental processes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Nitsche, K., Moritz, S., & Jelinek, L. (2020) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100525 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Exam-related unwanted intrusive thoughts and related neutralizing behaviors: Analogues to obsessions and compulsions
Kollárik, M., Heinzel, C. V., Miché, M., Lieb, R., & Wahl, K. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0270692 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Evidenzbasierung in der klinisch-psychologischen Diagnostik: Eine aktuelle Analyse der Publikationen in drei deutschsprachigen Zeitschriften
Petermann, F., Schüßler, G., & Glaesmer, H. (2008) · Zeitschrift für psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie · doi:10.13109/zptm.2008.54.4.393 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Aggressiveness in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder as assessed by the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure
Michnevich, T., Schmidt, A. F., Scheunemann, J., Moritz, S., Miegel, F. S., & Jelinek, L. (2021) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.06.008 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
On the effects of impulsivity and compulsivity on neural correlates of model-based performance
Dück, K., Dieterich, R., Overmeyer, R., & Endraß, T. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-71692-w · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Yet, unlike some previous studies, we did not observe interaction effects with BIS-11 and OCI-R scores.”
Influential
Efficacy of exposure and response prevention therapy in mixed reality for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Lohse, L., Jelinek, L., Moritz, S., Blömer, J., Bücker, L., & Miegel, F. S. (2023) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01116-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
How to assess and analyse session‐specific effects and predictors: An example with the Metacognitive Training for Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder intervention
Miegel, F. S., Rubel, J. A., Ching, T. H. W., Yassari, A. H., Bohnsack, F., Duwe, M., & Jelinek, L. (2023) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2876 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The spit-face scenario: Inducing Contamination-Based Disgust and Anxiety and Investigating the Effects of Imagery Rescripting in an Online Experiment
Kühne, F., Hobrecker, L. K., Fink‐Lamotte, J., Meissner, C., Zirngibl, A., & Weck, F. (2025) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-025-10597-y · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The appropriateness of using a counter app in experimental studies assessing unwanted intrusive thoughts
Wahl, K., Lieb, R., Kollárik, M., & Purdon, C. L. (2020) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100550 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“The total score has good psychometric properties (Goenner et al., 2007; Goenner, Leonhart, & Ecker, 2008).”
Background
Core dysfunctional beliefs in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder are shared with patients with anxiety disorder according to the revised Beliefs Questionnaire
Miegel, F. S., Jelinek, L., Yassari, A. H., Balzar, A., & Moritz, S. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-03464-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Exploring neurocognitive features in adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa: Evidence from a longitudinal study
Wittek, T., Zeiler, M. D., Truttmann, S., Philipp, J., Kopp, K., Krauss, H., Auer‐Welsbach, E., Ohmann, S., Sackl‐Pammer, P., Werneck‐Rohrer, S., et al. (2024) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.3127 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Brief intervention, lasting impact: One-year outcomes of the Bergen 4-day treatment for OCD in Germany
Jelinek, L., Yassari, A. H., Pampuch, S., Miegel, F. S., Schultz, J., Hansen, B. K. A., Hagen, K., Gallinat, J., & Scheunemann, J. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0350615 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Assessing validity of the Klenico diagnostic software system in a large psychotherapeutic inpatient sample
Reutimann, S., Hübscher, N., Steiner, J., Voderholzer, U., & Augsburger, M. (2023) · Frontiers Digit. Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2023.1176130 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Implicit aggressive self-concept in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Results from an approach-avoidance task
Gehlenborg, J., Miegel, F. S., Moritz, S., Scheunemann, J., Yassari, A.-H., & Jelinek, L. (2023) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2023.101927 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Willingness to experience unpleasant thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations at admission does not predict treatment outcome in inpatients with obsessive–compulsive disorder
Zisler, E. M., Meule, A., Koch, S., & Voderholzer, U. (2024) · Discover Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s44192-024-00073-6 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“The German version [15] of the OCI–”
The impact of impulsivity and compulsivity on error processing in different motivational contexts
Overmeyer, R., & Endraß, T. (2025) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-025-01281-5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Psychotherapieausbildung am Beispiel von unith-Ausbildungsinstituten
Fydrich, T., & Fehm, L. (2018) · Psychotherapeut · doi:10.1007/s00278-018-0316-y · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Diagnostik in der Klinischen Psychologie und Psychotherapie
Fydrich, T. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-61643-7_8 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zwangsstörungen
Endraß, T., & Dieterich, R. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-61814-1_52 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Fear and Safety Learning in Anxiety- and Stress-Related Disorders: An Updated Meta-AnalysisPreprint
Kausche, F. M., Carsten, H. P., Sobania, K. M., & Riesel, A. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/qb5dh · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Toward a Better Understanding of Who Is Likely to Be Susceptible to the Effects of Rumination on Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms: An Explorative Analysis
Wahl, K., Kollárik, M., Heinzel, C. V., Koch, S., Voderholzer, U., & Lieb, R. (2024) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1007/s41811-024-00228-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Authors: Gönner, S., Leonhart, R., & Ecker, W.
Affiliations: University of Freiburg (DE)
ORCID: Leonhart, Rainer
Venue: PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Published: 2007-01
Volume: 57
Issue: 09/10
Pages: 395-404
ISSN: 0937-2032 (ISSN-L)
1439-1058
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-970894
OpenAlex: W2004208246
Cited by: 141
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 4.36
Type: journal article
Language: de
Open access: closed
Locations: PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords: Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised, German version, obsessive-compulsive disorder, psychometric validation, convergent validity, discriminant validity, factor structure, self-report measures, compulsive behavior, obsession, checking, washing, ordering, hoarding, perfectionism, anxiety, depression
MeSH terms: Adult, Female, Humans, Language, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Reproducibility of Results

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Das Zwangsinventar OCI-R - die deutsche Version des Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised

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