Testosterone, growth hormone and IGF-I responses to acute and chronic resistive exercise in men aged 55-70 years
Abstract
We investigated the responses of serum testosterone (T) and human growth hormone (hGH) concentrations to a bout of heavy resistive exercise and the responses of T, hGH, and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) to a 16 wk progressive resistive training program in 13 men (60 +/- 4 yrs). Body composition via hydrostatic weighing and muscle strength using a 3 repetition maximum (3RM) test on 6 variable resistance exercise machines were assessed before and after the training program. Fasting blood samples were drawn on 2 consecutive days prior to training and again on 2 consecutive days after the last day of exercise. Blood was also drawn immediately before and approximately 10 min after a single exercise session during the first wk of training, and after an exercise session of the same relative resistance during the last wk of training. The training program resulted in a 37% increase in upper body strength and a 39% increase in lower body strength (both p < 0.01). Lean body mass increased significantly (61.8 +/- 2.1 vs 63.7 +/- 7.8 kg; p < 0.001) while % fat decreased (26.5 +/- 1.5 vs 24.9 +/- 6.0%; p < 0.01) as a result of training. Serum T concentration was unchanged, but GH increased approximately 18-fold in response to a single bout of resistive exercise before (0.24 +/- 0.08 vs 4.60 +/- 1.35 mg/l) and after (0.26 +/- 0.06 vs 4.66 +/- 1.46 mg/l; p < 0.01) training. Baseline serum concentrations of T, hGH, and IGF-I were unaffected by the training program. We conclude that an acute bout of resistive exercise causes a substantial hGH response in older men, but 16 wks of progressive resistive training does not affect baseline concentrations of the anabolic hormones.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Resistance exercise training does not raise basal testosterone levels in middle-aged or old men.
“However, RET, which increases muscle strength, does not result in elevated basal levels of T in middle-aged or old men.249, 256, 261-263”
From Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications (2021) · cites this paper as [256]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Role of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Family in Cancer Development and Progression
Yu, H. (2000) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/92.18.1472 · Cited by 1,433 · see citing works
Giustina, A., & Veldhuis, J. D. (1998) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.19.6.0353 · Cited by 1,253 · see citing works
A Meta-analysis to Determine the Dose Response for Strength Development
RHEA, M. R., ALVAR, B. A., BURKETT, L. N., & BALL, S. D. (2003) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000053727.63505.d4 · Cited by 666 · see citing works
Energy balance and cancer: the role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I
Kaaks, R., & Lukanova, A. (2001) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1079/pns200070 · Cited by 610 · see citing works
“Other studies in elderly men, however, showed no effect on IGF-I after 6 months of endurance training (Nicklas et al. 1995; Vitiello et al. 1997).”
BackgroundCalorie Restriction, Aging, and Cancer Prevention: Mechanisms of Action and Applicability to Humans
Hursting, S. D., Lavigne, J. A., Berrigan, D. A., Perkins, S. N., & Barrett, J. C. (2003) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.med.54.101601.152156 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Effects of heavy-resistance training on hormonal response patterns in younger vs. older men
Kraemer, W. J., Häkkinen, K., Newton, R. U., Nindl, B. C., Volek, J. S., McCormick, M., Gotshalk, L. A., Gordon, S. E., Fleck, S. J., Campbell, W. W., et al. (1999) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.982 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
“This result is supported by similar findings in the literature (5, 15, 25, 26, 54, 67).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialHäkkinen, K., Pakarinen, A., Kraemer, W. J., HÄKKINEN, A. H., Valkeinen, H., & Alén, M. (2001) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.2001.91.2.569 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Performance and Physiologic Adaptations to Resistance Training
Deschenes, M. R., & Kraemer, W. J. (2002) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00002060-200211001-00003 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
“Most investigations have concluded that prolonged resistance training programs do not affect basal concentrations of circulating IGF-I.(41,67,76,90,91) However, two recent studies reported significant increases in resting serum IGF-I levels after 12–13 wk of training.”
BackgroundPetrella, J. K., Kim, J.-S., Cross, J. M., Kosek, D. J., & Bamman, M. M. (2006) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00190.2006 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
“Although we and others have shown that serum hormone levels do not change by any appreciable amount over long-term resistance training (6, 45, 50) and return from transient elevations shortly after acute resistance exercise (5, 46), the likelihood remains that basal circulating concentrations of one or more factors pa…”
BackgroundPossible Stimuli for Strength and Power Adaptation: Acute Mechanical Responses
Crewther, B., Cronin, J., & Keogh, J. (2005) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200535110-00004 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Potential Health-Related Benefits of Resistance Training
Winett, R. A., & Carpinelli, R. N. (2001) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1006/pmed.2001.0909 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
The Exercise-Induced Growth Hormone Response in Athletes
Godfrey, R., Madgwick, Z., & Whyte, G. P. (2003) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200333080-00005 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
“[115] examined a group of 55- to”
Age and gender responses to strength training and detraining
Lemmer, J. T., HURLBUT, D. E., Martel, G. F., Tracy, B. L., EY, F. M., Metter, E. J., Fozard, J. L., Fleg, J. L., & Hurley, B. F. (2000) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200008000-00021 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Self-citationSkeletal muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Casaburi, R. H. (2001) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200107001-00004 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Effects of resistance training on insulin-like growth factor-I and IGF binding proteins
Borst, S. E., de Hoyos, D., Garzarella, L., Vincent, K. R., Pollock, B. H., LOWENTHAL, D. T., & Pollock, M. L. (2001) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200104000-00021 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Vukovich, M. D., Stubbs, N. B., & Bohlken, R. M. (2001) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/131.7.2049 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications
Pataky, M. W., Young, W. F., & Nair, K. S. (2021) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.07.033 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
“However, RET, which increases muscle strength, does not result in elevated basal levels of T in middle-aged or older men.(249,256,261-263) Resistance exercise training does appear, however, to increase the effect of a short bout of high-intensity exercise on free and total T.”
BackgroundGrowth Hormone Release During Acute and Chronic Aerobic and Resistance Exercise
Wideman, L., Weltman, J. Y., Hartman, M. L., Veldhuis, J. D., & WELTMAN, A. L. (2002) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200232150-00003 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
“Conversely, morning exercise followed by afternoon exercise in women resulted in preservation of or increased response of GH, adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialStrength Training as a Countermeasure to Aging Muscle and Chronic Disease
Hurley, B. F., Hanson, E. D., & Sheaff, A. K. (2011) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/11585920-000000000-00000 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Self-citationPossible Stimuli for Strength and Power Adaptation
Crewther, B. T., Keogh, J., Cronin, J. B., & Cook, C. J. (2006) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200636030-00004 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Carpinelli, R. N., & Otto, R. M. (1998) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-199826020-00002 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Executive function and endocrinological responses to acute resistance exercise
Tsai, C., Wang, C., Pan, C., Chen, F., Huang, T.-H., & Chou, F.-Y. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00262 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
“…1997) are associated with behavioral performance (e.g., information processing speed, target detection and response speed, short-term memory, and visual/auditory learning), and acute resistance exercise can significantly increase serum GH and IGF-1 levels (Nicklas et al., 1995; Rubin et al., 2005).”
BackgroundInfluentialExercise-induced biochemical changes and their potential influence on cancer: a scientific review
Thomas, R., Kenfield, S. A., & Jiménez, A. (2016) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096343 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Overnight responses of the circulating IGF-I system after acute, heavy-resistance exercise
Nindl, B. C., Kraemer, W. J., Marx, J. O., Arciero, P. J., Dohi, K., Kellogg, M. D., & Loomis, G. A. (2001) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.2001.90.4.1319 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Hormonal responses to a single session of wholebody vibration exercise in older individuals
Cardinale, M., Soiza, R. L., Leiper, J. B., Gibson, A., & Primrose, W. R. (2008) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.2007.043232 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
“acutely affected by strength training sessions in young men,(20) but there is no consensus on the responses of aged individuals.(19) 21 22”
BackgroundSerum Leptin Levels in Male Marathon Athletes before and after the Marathon Run
Leal‐Cerro, A., García‐Luna, P. P., Astorga, R., Parejo, J., Peino, R., Diéguez, C., & Casanueva, F. F. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.7.4959 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Elements in the pathophysiology of diminished growth hormone (GH) secretion in aging humans
Veldhuis, J. D., Iranmanesh, A., & WELTMAN, A. L. (1997) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/bf02778061 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Haydon, A. M., MacInnis, R. J., English, D. R., Morris, H. A., & Giles, G. G. (2005) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2005.081547 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Bermon, S., FERRARI, BERNARD, ALTARE, & DOLISI (1999) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1046/j.1365-201x.1999.00471.x · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Effect of Exercise on Serum Sex Hormones in Men
Hawkins, V. N., Foster‐Schubert, K. E., Chubak, J., Sorensen, B. E., Ulrich, C. M., Stancyzk, F. Z., Plymate, S. R., Stanford, J. L., White, E., Potter, J. D., et al. (2008) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31815bbba9 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
“Prospective, nonrandomized studies of resistance exercise over a few weeks either increased testosterone (50) or not (26,42), whereas one study of daily aerobic exercise together with a low-fat diet increased SHBG, which could counteract the biological activity of testosterone (60).”
BackgroundKostka, T., Arsac, L. M., Patricot, M. C., Berthouze, S., Lacour, J.-R., & Bonnefoy, M. (2000) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s004210050655 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“On the other hand, 16 weeks of progressive resistive exercise training did not a ect plasma IGF-I levels in men aged 50±70 years (Niclas et al. 1995), and 12 weeks of progressive resistance training caused no signi®cant decrease in basal testosterone levels in 63-year-old men (Craig et al. 1989).”
Schmitz, K. H., Ahmed, R. L., & Yee, D. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Hormonal responses to resistance exercise in long-term trained and untrained middle-aged men
Cadore, E. L., Lhullier, F. L. R., Brentano, M. A., Silva, E. M. D., Ambrosini, M. B., Spinelli, R., Silva, R. F., & Kruel, L. F. M. (2008) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e31817bd45d · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“Furthermore, other studies have shown no significant acute increase in TT levels after exercise (43,47).”
BackgroundJoseph, L. J. O., Davey, S. L., Evans, W. J., & Campbell, W. W. (1999) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(99)90162-2 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Why exercise has a crucial role in cancer prevention, risk reduction and improved outcomes
Thomas, R., Kenfield, S. A., Yanagisawa, Y., & Newton, R. U. (2021) · British Medical Bulletin · doi:10.1093/bmb/ldab019 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Ageing, growth hormone and physical performance
Lanfranco, F., Gianotti, L., Giordano, R., Pellegrino, M., Maccario, M., & Arvat, E. (2003) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/bf03345237 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Cooke, M. B., Brabham, B., Buford, T. W., Shelmadine, B. D., McPheeters, M., Hudson, G. M., Stathis, C., Greenwood, M., Kreider, R., & Willoughby, D. S. (2014) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-014-2866-1 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“…8 weeks for both groups ( p = 0.066). the results of this study are in agreement with previous findings using resistance training only in older men (nicklas and ryan 1995; Brose and Parise 2003). nicklas and colleagues (nicklas and ryan 1995) demonstrated that 16 weeks of progressive resistance…”
InfluentialKarabulut, M., Sherk, V. D., Bemben, D. A., & Bemben, M. G. (2013) · Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging · doi:10.1111/cpf.12044 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Parkhouse, W. S., Coupland, D. C., Li, C., & Vanderhoek, K. J. (2000) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(99)00103-7 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Various Factors May Modulate the Effect of Exercise on Testosterone Levels in Men
Riachy, R., McKinney, K., & Tuvdendorj, D. (2020) · Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology · doi:10.3390/jfmk5040081 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“[37] reported no significant change in basal serum testosterone concentrations after 16 weeks of progressive resistance training program.”
BackgroundBorst, S. E., Vincent, K. R., Lowenthal, D. T., & Braith, R. W. (2002) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50215.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Berger in retrospect: effect of varied weight training programmes on strength
Carpinelli, R. N. (2002) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.36.5.319 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Dall, R., Lange, K. H. W., Kjær, M., Jørgensen, J. O. L., Christiansen, J. S., Ørskov, H., & Flyvbjerg, A. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.2.7180 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Zachwieja, J. J., & Yarasheski, K. E. (1999) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/79.1.76 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Cheng, A., Zhao, Z., Liu, H., Yang, J., & Luo, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1013734 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“(87) measured that the concentration of growth hormone GH in the elderly after acute resistance training increased by as much as 18 times compared with that before training, but after 10–15min of training, these increased concentrations would return to the initial concentration value.”
BackgroundRavaglia, G., Forti, P., Maioli, F., Pratelli, L., Vettori, C., Bastagli, L., Mariani, E., Facchini, A., & Cucinotta, D. (2001) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(00)00234-7 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Noble, G. K., Houghton, E., Roberts, C. J., et al. (2006) · Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.2527/jas.2006-210 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Jackson, B. F., Goodship, A. E., Eastell, R., et al. (2003) · American Journal of Veterinary Research · doi:10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.1549 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Acute hormonal responses of a high impact physical exercise session in early postmenopausal women
KEMMLER, W. K., Wildt, L., Engelke, K., et al. (2003) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-003-0874-7 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“change of hGH; IGF-I›* Nicklas et al. 1995 13 /m/55–70 years/untr.”
Huschtscha, Z., Parr, A., Porter, J. A., & Costa, R. J. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.644865 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“In contrast, other studies have not found such effect (88, 89).”
ResultElderly Patients and High Force Resistance Exercise—A Descriptive Report
LaStayo, P. C., McDonagh, P., Lipovic, D., Napoles, P., Bartholomew, A. M., Esser, K. A., & Lindstedt, S. L. (2007) · Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1519/00139143-200712000-00008 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Exercise training effects on skeletal muscle plasticity and IGF-1 receptors in frail elders
Urso, M. L., Singh, M. A. F., Ding, W., Evans, W. J., Cosmas, A. C., & Manfredi, T. G. (2005) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-005-1629-7 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Exercise and growth hormone: Does one affect the other?
Roemmich, J. N., & Rogol, A. D. (1997) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(97)70017-9 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Boudou, P., de Kerviler, É., Erlich, D., Vexiau, P., & Gautier, J. (2001) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801637 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Proposed Mechanisms of Sex-Steroid— Hormone Neuromodulation of the Human GH—IGF-I Axis
Veldhuis, J. D., Evans, W. S., Shah, N., Story, E. S., Bray, M. J., & Anderson, S. M. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-1546-2_10 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
MARCELL, T. J., WISWELL, R. A., Hawkins, S. A. C., et al. (1999) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(99)90069-0 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Winett, R., & Carpinelli, R. N. (2000) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf02895119 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“... result of progressive resistance exercise (62,63), studies demonstrate numerous health-related benefits such as decreased resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure (64), decreased gastrointestinal transit time (65), decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ch…”
BackgroundKostka, T., Patricot, M. C., Mathian, B., Lacour, J.-R., & Bonnefoy, M. (2003) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/bf03324489 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
The effects of exercise on skeletal muscle in the aged.
Clarke, M. S. F. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Insulin-like growth factor-1 and resistance exercise in community dwelling old adults
Arnarson, A., Geirsdóttir, Ó. G., Ramel, A., Jónsson, P. V., & Þórsdóttir, I. (2015) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-015-0547-3 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SINGLE VERSUS MULTIPLE SET DEBATE
Astorino, T. A., Baker, J. S., Boone, T., Goulet, E. D. B., Gotshall, R. W., Kravitz, L. R., Laskin, J., Linderman, J. K., & Otto, R. M. (2006) · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Amiri, N., Fathei, M., & Mosaferi Ziaaldini, M. (2021) · Hormones · doi:10.1007/s42000-020-00250-6 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“Four studies were conducted in women [26, 28, 29, 40], four in both genders [27, 38, 39, 42], and three in men [25, 41, 43].”
BackgroundAGE AND SEX DIFFERENTIALLY AFFECT REGIONAL CHANGES IN ONE REPETITION MAXIMUM STRENGTH
Lemmer, J. T., Martel, G. F., HURLBUT, D. E., & Hurley, B. F. (2007) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/r-20816.1 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationRelationship of physical exercise and ageing to growth hormone production
Hurel, S. J., Koppiker, N., Newkirk, J., Close, P. R., Miller, M. L., Mardell, R., Wood, P. J., & Kendall-Taylor, P. (1999) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00852.x · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“In young males regular but not acute exercise is associated with higher growth hormone production and a greater stimulation of growth hormone release with GHRH (Nicklas et al., 1995; Ambrosio et al., 1996; Kanaley et al., 1997).”
BackgroundArai, M. H., Duarte, A. J., & Natale, V. M. (2006) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/1742-4933-3-9 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Moradi, F. (2015) · Asian Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.5812/asjsm.23808 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“While it has been reported that serum testosterone levels reduce in endurance trained men (18), the few available findings about the effect of resistance training on circulating testosterone levels are controversial (20-27).”
BackgroundBonnefoy, M., Patricot, M. C., Lacour, J. R., Rahmani, A., Berthouze, S., & Kostka, T. (2002) · La Revue de Médecine Interne · doi:10.1016/s0248-8663(02)00689-6 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Progressive resistance training in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome: literature review
de Souza, M. C., Jorge, R. T. B., Jones, A., Lombardi, I., & Natour, J. (2011) · Reumatismo · doi:10.4081/reumatismo.2009.84 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“Resistance training has been practiced by a large variety of individuals both with and without chronic disease, as it is associated to improvements regarding cardiovascular function (20, 21), metabolism, risk factors associated to coronary events, osteoporosis (22, 23), cancer (24), diabetes (25, 26) and psychosocial…”
BackgroundHammami, M. A., Abderrahman, A. B., Hackney, A. C., Kebsi, W., Owen, A. L., Nebigh, A., Racil, G., Tabka, Z., & Zouhal, H. (2016) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000001664 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“Conversely, other studies have noted an increase in testosterone at rest (20,25), whereas other investigations did not notice a change in testosterone levels at all (28,33).”
BackgroundLopes, K. G., Farinatti, P., Bottino, D. A., de Souza, M. D. G. C., Maranhao, P. A., Bouskela, E., Lourenço, R. A., & Oliveira, R. B. (2022) · Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation · doi:10.3233/ch-221395 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“The IGF-1 is acknowledged to have anabolic effects influencing muscle adaptations to exercise [28], and our data confirm prior studies showing IGF-1 increasing after RT performed with BFR vs. traditional high-load RT [29–31].”
Miller, G. D., Nicklas, B. J., Davis, C., Legault, C., & Messier, S. P. (2011) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-011-0152-z · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“…increase following resistance and endurance exercise in women and men, although this effect was found to be diminished in older men (14, 15). there have only been a very limited number of studies that have examined the effect of weight loss and exercise programs in older obese adults…”
InfluentialSelf-citationChiang, F.-Y., Chen, J., Lee, W., & Yang, S. (2021) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods10112581 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Increasing Circulating Testosterone: Impact of Herbal Dietary Supplements
Gunnels, T. A., & Bloomer, R. J. (2014) · Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Physiology · doi:10.4172/2329-9029.1000130 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Sauro, L. M., & Kanaley, J. A. (2003) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-003-0863-x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Since it is speculated that the GH increases seen with exercise help to maintain muscle mass and decrease body fat (Frontera et al. 1983; Nicklas et al. 1995), it was necessary to ascertain whether a short duration of exercise can increase GH levels significantly.”
BackgroundThe influence of age and exercise modality on growth hormone bioactivity in women
Gordon, S. E., Kraemer, W. J., Looney, D. P., Flanagan, S. D., Comstock, B. A., & Hymer, W. C. (2014) · Growth Hormone & IGF Research · doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2014.03.005 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The moderating impact of lifestyle factors on sex steroids, sexual activities and aging in Asian men
Goh, V. H. H., & Tong, T. Y. Y. (2011) · Asian Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1038/aja.2010.121 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Male Reproductive System, Exercise, and Training
Cumming, D. C. (2000) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-016-2_7 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Carpinelli, R. N. (2012) · Medicina Sportiva · doi:10.5604/17342260.1011393 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“There are at least 19 studies [17-35] that investigated various health related aspects of total body resistance training (~12 exercises) in males and females, and reported the pre-training and post-training 3RM as a result of training with one set for each upper body exercise and two sets for each lower body exercise…”
BackgroundFatores relacionados com as respostas da testosterona e do cortisol ao treinamento de força
Cadore, E. L., Brentano, M. A., Lhullier, F. L. R., & Kruel, L. F. M. (2008) · Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte · doi:10.1590/s1517-86922008000100014 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Segundo Nicklas et al.(45), essa discrepância em relação aos resultados pode ocorrer devido a fatores como amostra, protocolo de exercício utilizado ou mudanças potenciais no volume plasmático.”
BackgroundBonnefoy, M., Kostka, T., Patricot, M. C., Berthouze, S., Mathian, B., & Lacour, J. R. (1999) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/bf03339815 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Interactions entre la fonction somatotrope et l'activité musculaire
Peyreigne, C., Brun, J. ‐., Monnier, J. F., Abecassis, M. M., Fédou, C., de Mauverger, É. R., & Orsetti, A. (1997) · Science & Sports · doi:10.1016/s0765-1597(97)80063-9 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
The association of exercise with sleep, sex steroids, sexual activities and aging in Asian men
Goh, V. H. H., & Tong, T. Y. Y. (2009) · Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1016/j.jomh.2009.07.007 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“However, there is no consensus regarding the physiologic role of long-term exercise in altering sex hormone concentrations in aging men [22–26].”
Impact of Physical Activity and Exercise on Male Reproductive Potential: Semen Alterations
Vaamonde, D., Agarwal, A. K., du Plessis, S. S., Algar‐Santacruz, C., & Kruger, T. F. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3402-7_7 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“The person’s age may also influence the testosterone levels when trained subjects show advances in age and lowered training level [105, 112].”
BackgroundKelly, L. A., Holmberg, P. M., Schroeder, E. T., Loza, A., Lin, X., Moody, A. E., Hughes, A. R., Gibson, A., & Kirk, A. F. (2019) · Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1515/jpem-2019-0073 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Hormonal responses to acute and chronic resistance exercise in middle-age versus young men
Arazi, H., Damirchi, A., Faraji, H., & Rahimi, R. (2012) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-012-0131-8 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“exercise did not induce a GH response in older men [26, 27] and in which the GH response was reduced after resistance training [28].”
BackgroundAcute and Chronic Testosterone Responses to Physical Exercise and Training
Cadore, E. L., & Kruel, L. F. M. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/27618 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“…some studies demonstrate an increase in the resting levels of testosterone as an adjustment to ST (Izquierdo et al., 2006; Kraemer et al., 1995; Nicklas et al., 1995; Raastad et al., 2003; Tsolakis et al., 2004), other studies have observed no significant differences in this parameter…”
ResultRazmjou, S., Rajabi, H., Jannati, M., et al. (2010) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Sridhar, R., Bond, V., Dunmore-Griffith, J., et al. (2015) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/1557988315587740 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Physical Activity on Cancer
Rundle, A. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7551-5_7 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Some studies show little to no effect on IGF-1 and/or IGFBP-3 [1, 25, 63, 64, 65, 66, 69, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162], others show reductions in IGF-1 levels [158, 162, 163] and/or increases”
BackgroundHackney, A. C. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-585-34048-7_14 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Factors Relative to the Brain Nerve Growth in Girls
Pyun, M.-Y. (2010) · Journal of Life Science · doi:10.5352/jls.2010.20.6.948 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“선행연구에서도 본 연구 결과와 유사하게 지구성 운 동은 안정 시 총 IGF-1의 수준을 증가시킨다고 보고하였으며 [42,45], 운동 후 뇌와 말초신경의 IGF-1 수준이 증가되고, 뇌혈”
Alyafei, A. A. (2020) · Clinical Medicine Research · doi:10.11648/j.cmr.20200904.12 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“[116, 117] The possible explanation could be related to the age of the participants as more proportion of them are more seniors.”
Background성지만, Kang, H.-S., 김종식, 방기호, & 공미애 (2012) · Exercise Science · doi:10.15857/ksep.2012.21.4.445 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Strength Abilities in Men 50+ as an Effect of Long-Distance Run Training
Iwańska, D., Mróz, A., Wójcik, A., Witek, K., Czajkowska, A., & Kusztelak, M. (2019) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/1557988319859108 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“In addition, Nicklas et al. (1995) demonstrated that a significant decrease in body fat and an increase in lean body mass occur in elderly people as a result of exercise.”
BackgroundInfluentialSłowińska-Lisowska, M. R., & Witkowski, K. (2001) · The Aging Male · doi:10.1080/tam.4.3.145.150 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Schaupp, A., Bidlingmaier, M., Martini, S., Reincke, M., Schluessel, S., Schmidmaier, R., & Drey, M. (2022) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2022.104792 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Impact of Physical Exercise on Male Fertility
Martín, D. M. V., Silva‐Grigoletto, M. E. D., Abbasi, A., & Manso, J. M. G. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Lee, S. H., Ye, J.-B., & Baek, Y.-H. (2008) · Journal of Life Science · doi:10.5352/jls.2008.18.7.986 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
(2014) · International Journal of Biosciences (IJB) · doi:10.12692/ijb/5.1.282-290 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nicklas, B., Ryan, A., Treuth, M., Harman, S., Blackman, M., Hurley, B., & Rogers, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Baltimore VA Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- International Journal of Sports Medicine
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 1995-10
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 07
- Pages
- 445-450
- ISSN
- 0172-4622 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-3964
- OpenAlex
- W2088353757
- Cited by
- 126
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Keywords
- testosterone, human growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, resistance training, older men, acute exercise response, muscle strength, lean body mass, body composition
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Energy Intake, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Male, Middle Aged, Physical Education and Training, Physical Endurance, Growth Hormone, Testosterone, Exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
