Hormonal responses to resistance exercise in long-term trained and untrained middle-aged men

Cadore, Eduardo Lusa; Lhullier, Francisco Luiz Rodrigues; Brentano, Michel Arias; Silva, Eduardo Marczwski da; Ambrosini, Melissa Bueno; Spinelli, Rafael; Silva, Rodrigo Ferrari; Kruel, Luiz Fernando Martins

doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e31817bd45d

Cited by 73Sports Performance and TrainingHormonal and reproductive studiesExercise and Physiological Responses

Hormonal responses to resistance exercise in long-term trained and untrained middle-aged men

Cadore, Eduardo Lusa, Lhullier, Francisco Luiz Rodrigues, Brentano, Michel Arias, Silva, Eduardo Marczwski da, Ambrosini, Melissa Bueno, Spinelli, Rafael, Silva, Rodrigo Ferrari, Kruel, Luiz Fernando Martins·2008·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

DOI 10.1519/jsc.0b013e31817bd45d

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Abstract

This cross-sectional study compared hormonal responses to resistance exercise between trained and untrained men to investigate the adaptations of the endocrine system to long-term strength training in middle-aged men. Twenty-one middle-aged men were recruited for this study and matched into a strength-trained group (SG) (n = 10) and an untrained group (UG) (n = 11). In the SG, the individuals had practiced strength training for hypertrophy for at least 3 years. Upper- and lower-body muscle strength was measured with a 1 repetition maximum (1RM) test. Blood samples were collected at rest and after multiple sets of a superset strength training protocol (SSTP), with an intensity of 75% of 1RM values. With these blood samples, the levels of total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), cortisol, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were determined. In addition, the TT-to-cortisol ratio and TT-to-SHBG ratio were calculated. There was no difference at rest between groups in hormonal values for TT, FT, DHEA, cortisol, the TT-to-SHBG ratio, and the TT-to-cortisol ratio. There were increases after SSTP in the levels of TT, FT, DHEA, and cortisol and the TT-to-SHBG ratio in the UG, but only FT increased in the SG. The SG demonstrated lower values in the TT-to-SHBG ratio after the training session. These results suggest the presence of alterations in anabolic and catabolic hormonal responses to resistance exercise in long-term trained middle-aged men, with the trained subjects demonstrating lower responsiveness in the hormone values. Long-term trained men seem to require a higher volume of training, at least similar to their daily workout, to stimulate greater hormone responses.

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The effect of seasonal variation on testosterone levels remains controversial, with no definitive evidence available.
“The effect of seasonal variation on T levels remains controversial, with no definitive evidence available at the present time.”
From Challenges in Testosterone Measurement, Data Interpretation, and Methodological Appraisal of Interventional Trials (2016) · cites this paper as [60]

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Salivary hormonal responses to resistance exercise in trained and untrained middle-aged men.
Cadore, E. L., Lhullier, F. L. R., Brentano, M. A., Silva, E. M. D., Ambrosini, M. B., Spinelli, R., Silva, R. F., & Kruel, L. F. M. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 28 · see citing works
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ACUTE HORMONAL RESPONSE TO ACUTE STRENGTH EXERCISE IN STRENGTH TRAINED AND UNTRAINED MEN.
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Authors: Cadore, E. L., Lhullier, F. L. R., Brentano, M. A., Silva, E. M. D., Ambrosini, M. B., Spinelli, R., Silva, R. F., & Kruel, L. F. M.
Affiliations: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
Corresponding author: Cadore, Eduardo Lusa
ORCID: Cadore, Eduardo Lusa
Kruel, Luiz Fernando Martins
Venue: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2008-09
Volume: 22
Issue: 5
Pages: 1617-1624
ISSN: 1064-8011 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e31817bd45d
OpenAlex: W1988356957
Cited by: 73
References: 49
Citations by year: 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 3.49
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Keywords: resistance training, endocrine response, middle-aged men, testosterone, free testosterone, cortisol, sex hormone-binding globulin, dehydroepiandrosterone, anabolic-catabolic balance, training volume, muscle hypertrophy
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Physiological, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Body Composition, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Hormones, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Biomarkers, Muscle Strength, Resistance Training

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Hormonal responses to resistance exercise in long-term trained and untrained middle-aged men

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