Cited by 455Diabetes Management and ResearchDiabetes Management and EducationDiabetes and associated disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A Randomized Trial of Closed-Loop Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Open access

Breton, Marc D., Kanapka, Lauren G., Beck, Roy W., Ekhlaspour, Laya, Forlenza, Gregory P., Cengiz, Eda, Schoelwer, Melissa, Ruedy, Katrina J., Jost, Emily, Carria, Lori, Emory, Emma, Hsu, Liana J., Oliveri, Mary, Kollman, Craig C., Dokken, Betsy B., Weinzimer, Stuart A., DeBoer, Mark D., Buckingham, Bruce A., Cherñavvsky, Daniel, Wadwa, R. Paul·2020·New England Journal of Medicine

DOI 10.1056/nejmoa2004736PMC PMC7920146

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND: A closed-loop system of insulin delivery (also called an artificial pancreas) may improve glycemic outcomes in children with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: In a 16-week, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group trial, we assigned, in a 3:1 ratio, children 6 to 13 years of age who had type 1 diabetes to receive treatment with the use of either a closed-loop system of insulin delivery (closed-loop group) or a sensor-augmented insulin pump (control group). The primary outcome was the percentage of time that the glucose level was in the target range of 70 to 180 mg per deciliter, as measured by continuous glucose monitoring. RESULTS: A total of 101 children underwent randomization (78 to the closed-loop group and 23 to the control group); the glycated hemoglobin levels at baseline ranged from 5.7 to 10.1%. The mean (±SD) percentage of time that the glucose level was in the target range of 70 to 180 mg per deciliter increased from 53±17% at baseline to 67±10% (the mean over 16 weeks of treatment) in the closed-loop group and from 51±16% to 55±13% in the control group (mean adjusted difference, 11 percentage points [equivalent to 2.6 hours per day]; 95% confidence interval, 7 to 14; P<0.001). In both groups, the median percentage of time that the glucose level was below 70 mg per deciliter was low (1.6% in the closed-loop group and 1.8% in the control group). In the closed-loop group, the median percentage of time that the system was in the closed-loop mode was 93% (interquartile range, 91 to 95). No episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis or severe hypoglycemia occurred in either group. CONCLUSIONS: In this 16-week trial involving children with type 1 diabetes, the glucose level was in the target range for a greater percentage of time with the use of a closed-loop system than with the use of a sensor-augmented insulin pump. (Funded by Tandem Diabetes Care and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03844789.).

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1056/nejmoa2004736

Cites

24 of 24 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Clinical Targets for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data Interpretation: Recommendations From the International Consensus on Time in Range
Battelino, T., Danne, T., Bergenstal, R. M., Amiel, S. A., Beck, R., Biester, T., Bosi, E., Buckingham, B. A., Cefalu, W. T., Close, K. L., et al. (2019) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci19-0028 · Cited by 4,237
Self-citation
State of Type 1 Diabetes Management and Outcomes from the T1D Exchange in 2016–2018
Foster, N. C., Beck, R. W., Miller, K. M., Clements, M. A., Rickels, M. R., DiMeglio, L. A., Maahs, D. M., Tamborlane, W. V., Bergenstal, R., Smith, E., et al. (2019) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2018.0384 · Cited by 1,907
Self-citation
Six-Month Randomized, Multicenter Trial of Closed-Loop Control in Type 1 Diabetes
Brown, S. A., Kovatchev, B. P., Raghinaru, D., Lum, J. W., Buckingham, B. A., Kudva, Y. C., Laffel, L. M., Levy, C. J., Pinsker, J. E., Wadwa, R. P., et al. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1907863 · Cited by 1,030
Self-citation
Outpatient Glycemic Control with a Bionic Pancreas in Type 1 Diabetes
Russell, S. J., El-Khatib, F. H., Sinha, M., Magyar, K. L., McKeon, K., Goergen, L. G., BALLIRO, C. A., HILLARD, M. A., Nathan, D. M., & Damiano, E. R. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1314474 · Cited by 617
Lifetime Benefits and Costs of Intensive Therapy as Practiced in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial
(1996) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03540170053032 · Cited by 457
Home Use of an Artificial Beta Cell in Type 1 Diabetes
Thabit, H., Tauschmann, M., Allen, J. M., Leelarathna, L., Hartnell, S., Wilinska, M. E., Acerini, C. L., Dellweg, S., Benesch, C., Heinemann, L., et al. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1509351 · Cited by 450
Self-citation
Manual closed-loop insulin delivery in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a phase 2 randomised crossover trial
Hovorka, R., Allen, J. M., Elleri, D., Chassin, L. J., Harris, J. R., Xing, D., Kollman, C., Hovorka, T., Larsen, A. M. F., Nodale, M., et al. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61998-x · Cited by 448
Self-citation
Nocturnal Glucose Control with an Artificial Pancreas at a Diabetes Camp
Phillip, M., Battelino, T., Atlas, E., Kordonouri, O., Bratina, N., Miller, S., Biester, T., Stefanija, M. A., Muller, I., Nimri, R., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1206881 · Cited by 431
13. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes−2020
American Diabetes Association (2019) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc20-s013 · Cited by 287
Predictive low-glucose suspend reduces hypoglycemia in adults, adolescents, and children with type 1 diabetes in an at-home randomized crossover study: results of the PROLOG trial
Forlenza, G. P., Li, Z., Buckingham, B. A., Pinsker, J. E., Cengiz, E., Wadwa, R. P., Ekhlaspour, L., Church, M. M., Weinzimer, S. A., Jost, E., et al. (2018) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc18-0771 · Cited by 246
Self-citation

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 24 references

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 454

Automated Insulin Delivery for Young People with Type 1 Diabetes and Elevated A1c
Boucsein, A., Zhou, Y., Michaels, V. R., Haszard, J. J., Jefferies, C., Wiltshire, E. J., Paul, R. G., Parry‐Strong, A., Pasha, M., Petrovski, G., et al. (2024) · NEJM Evidence · doi:10.1056/evidoa2400185 · Cited by 34
Extended Use of an Open-Source Automated Insulin Delivery System in Children and Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: The 24-Week Continuation Phase Following the CREATE Randomized Controlled Trial
Burnside, M. J., Lewis, D. M., Crocket, H. R., Meier, R. A., Williman, J. A., Sanders, O. J., Jefferies, C., Faherty, A. M., Paul, R. G., Lever, C. S., et al. (2023) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2022.0484 · Cited by 33
Efficacy of automated insulin delivery systems in people with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of outpatient randomised controlled trials
Stahl‐Pehe, A., Mashhadi, N. S., Wirth, M., Schlesinger, S., Kuß, O., Holl, R. W., Bächle, C., Warz, K.-D., Bürger-Büsing, J., Spörkel, O., et al. (2025) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103190 · Cited by 38
Quality of life and psychological well-being among children and adolescents with diabetes and their caregivers using open-source automated insulin delivery systems: Findings from a multinational survey
Knoll, C., Schipp, J., O’Donnell, S., Wäldchen, M., Ballhausen, H., Cleal, B. R., Gajewska, K. A., Raile, K., Skinner, T. C., & Braune, K. (2022) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110153 · Cited by 36
One-year follow-up comparison of two hybrid closed-loop systems in Italian children and adults with type 1 diabetes
Bassi, M., Patti, L., Silvestrini, I., Strati, M. F., Ponzano, M., Minuto, N., & Maggi, D. C. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1099024 · Cited by 32
Are all HCL systems the same? long term outcomes of three HCL systems in children with type 1 diabetes: real-life registry-based study
Šantová, A., Plachý, L., Neuman, V., Pavlı́ková, M., Petruželková, L., Konečná, P., Venháčová, P., Škvor, J., Pomahačová, R., Neumann, D., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1283181 · Cited by 32
The Insulin-Only Bionic Pancreas Pivotal Trial Extension Study: A Multi-Center Single-Arm Evaluation of the Insulin-Only Configuration of the Bionic Pancreas in Adults and Youth with Type 1 Diabetes
Lynch, J. L., Kanapka, L. G., Russell, S. J., Damiano, E. R., El-Khatib, F. H., Ruedy, K. J., BALLIRO, C. A., Calhoun, P. M., & Beck, R. W. (2022) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2022.0341 · Cited by 31
Self-citation
Utility and precision evidence of technology in the treatment of type 1 diabetes: a systematic review
Jacobsen, L. M., Sherr, J. L., Considine, E. G., Chen, A., Peeling, S., Hulsmans, M., Charleer, S., Urazbayeva, M., Tosur, M., ALAMARIE, S. A., et al. (2023) · Communications Medicine · doi:10.1038/s43856-023-00358-x · Cited by 34
Effectiveness and safety of AI-driven closed-loop systems in diabetes management: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Wang, X., Si, J., Li, Y., Tse, P., Zhang, G., Wang, X., Ren, J., Xu, J., Sun, J., & Yao, X. (2025) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-025-01819-0 · Cited by 30
Effectiveness of a closed‐loop control system and a virtual educational camp for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A prospective, multicentre, real‐life study
Cherubini, V., Rabbone, I., Berioli, M. G., Giorda, S., Presti, D. L., Maltoni, G., Mameli, C., Marigliano, M., Marino, M., Minuto, N., et al. (2021) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.14491 · Cited by 30
The automated pancreas: A review of technologies and clinical practice
Biester, T., Tauschmann, M., Chobot, A. P., Kordonouri, O., Danne, T., Kapellen, T. M., & Dovč, K. (2021) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.14576 · Cited by 32
Insulin Pump Infusion Set Failures Associated with Prolonged Hyperglycemia: Frequency and Relationship to Age and Type of Infusion Set During 22,741 Infusion Set Wears
Kanapka, L. G., Lum, J. W., & Beck, R. W. (2022) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0548 · Cited by 35
Self-citation
Hybrid closed-loop systems for managing blood glucose levels in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and economic modelling
Asgharzadeh, A., Patel, M., Connock, M. J., Damery, S. L., Ghosh, I., Jordan, M., Freeman, K., Brown, A., Court, R. A., Baldwin, S., et al. (2024) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/jypl3536 · Cited by 32
Glycemic control during Ramadan fasting in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes on MiniMed™ 780G advanced hybrid closed‑loop system: A randomized controlled trial
Elbarbary, N. S., & Ismail, E. A. R. (2022) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110045 · Cited by 31
Automated Insulin Delivery (AID) Systems: Use and Efficacy in Children and Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Other Forms of Diabetes in Europe in Early 2023
Bassi, M., Franzone, D., Dufour, F., Strati, M. F., Scalas, M., Tantari, G., Aloi, C., Salina, A., d’Annunzio, G., Maghnie, M., et al. (2023) · Life · doi:10.3390/life13030783 · Cited by 34
Increased Technology Use Associated With Lower A1C in a Large Pediatric Clinical Population
Alonso, G. T., Triolo, T. M., Aktürk, H. K., PAULEY, M. E., Sobczak, M., Forlenza, G. P., Sakamoto, C., Pyle, L. L., & Frohnert, B. I. (2023) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc22-2121 · Cited by 29
Self-citation
Deep learning for blood glucose level prediction: How well do models generalize across different data sets?
Ghimire, S., Çelik, T., Gerdes, M. W., & Omlin, C. W. P. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0310801 · Cited by 31
Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery in Type 1 Diabetes in Pregnancy
Donovan, L., Lemieux, P., Dunlop, A. D., Yamamoto, J. M., Murphy, H. R., Simmons, D., Bell, R. C., Chaput, K. H., Benham, J. L., Ross, G. P., et al. (2025) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2025.19578 · Cited by 33
Glycemic Control in Relation to Technology Use in a Single-Center Cohort of Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Sawyer, A., Sobczak, M., Forlenza, G. P., & Alonso, G. T. (2022) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0471 · Cited by 28
Self-citation
AiDAPT: automated insulin delivery amongst pregnant women with type 1 diabetes: a multicentre randomized controlled trial – study protocol
Lee, T., Collett, C., Man, M., Hammond, M., Shepstone, L., Hartnell, S., Gurnell, E. M., Byrne, C., SCOTT, E. M., Lindsay, R. S., et al. (2022) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-022-04543-z · Cited by 28
Self-citation
Hybrid Closed Loop Systems Improve Glycemic Control and Quality of Life in Historically Minoritized Youth with Diabetes
Marks, B. E., Grundman, J., Meighan, S. S., Monaghan, M. C., Streisand, R. M., & PERKINS, A. G. (2024) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2023.0450 · Cited by 27
One-year real-world benefits of Tandem Control-IQ technology on glucose management and person-reported outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes: a prospective observational cohort study
De Meulemeester, J., Keymeulen, B., De Block, C., Van Huffel, L., Taes, Y., Ballaux, D., Spincemaille, K., Lapauw, B., Vanhaverbeke, G., Lowyck, I., et al. (2025) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-025-06366-x · Cited by 27
Type 1 Diabetes
Jacobsen, L. M., & Schatz, D. (2026) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2026.0048 · Cited by 30
Feasibility Study of a Hybrid Closed-Loop System with Automated Insulin Correction Boluses
Nimri, R., Grosman, B., Roy, A., Nir, J., Fisch-Shvalb, N., Kurtz, N., Loewenthal, N., Gillon‐Keren, M., Muller, I., Atlas, E., et al. (2020) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2020.0448 · Cited by 28
Safety and Glycemic Outcomes During the MiniMed TM Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop System Pivotal Trial in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Pihoker, C., Shulman, D. I., Forlenza, G. P., Kaiserman, K. B., Sherr, J. L., Thrasher, J. R., Buckingham, B. A., Kipnes, M. S., Bode, B. W., Carlson, A. L., et al. (2023) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2023.0255 · Cited by 27
Self-citation
Closed-loop systems: recent advancements and lived experiences
Kadiyala, N., Hovorka, R., & Boughton, C. K. (2024) · Expert Review of Medical Devices · doi:10.1080/17434440.2024.2406901 · Cited by 29
Diabetes in Youth
Kahkoska, A. R., & Dabelea, D. (2021) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2021.05.007 · Cited by 30
Effectiveness and safety of a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm for an artificial pancreas system in outpatients with type 1 diabetes (T1D): systematic review and meta-analysis
Kang, S. L., Hwang, Y. N., Kwon, J. Y., & Kim, S. M. (2022) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-022-00962-2 · Cited by 30
Reproducibility of continuous glucose monitoring results under real-life conditions in an adult population: a functional data analysis
Matabuena, M., Pazos-Couselo, M., Alonso‐Sampedro, M., Fernández‐Merino, C., González‐Quintela, A., & Gudé, F. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-40949-1 · Cited by 28
Patient reported outcomes (PROs) and user experiences of young children with type 1 diabetes using t:slim X2 insulin pump with control-IQ technology
Hood, K. K., Schneider‐Utaka, A. K., Reed, Z. W., Buckingham, B. A., Cobry, E. C., DeBoer, M. D., Ekhlaspour, L., Schoelwer, M. J., Wadwa, R. P., Lum, J. W., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111114 · Cited by 26
Self-citation
Use of diabetes technology in children
Schoelwer, M. J., DeBoer, M. D., & Breton, M. D. (2024) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-024-06218-0 · Cited by 27
Self-citation
Recent advances in closed-loop insulin delivery
Ware, J., & Hovorka, R. (2021) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154953 · Cited by 28
Forum on immune digital twins: a meeting report
Laubenbacher, R., Adler, F., An, G. C., Castiglione, F., Eubank, S., Fonseca, L. L., Glazier, J. A., Helikar, T., Jett‐Tilton, M., Kirschner, D. E., et al. (2024) · npj Systems Biology and Applications · doi:10.1038/s41540-024-00345-5 · Cited by 27
Assessing the triad of biocompatibility, medical device functionality and biological safety
Williams, D. F. (2020) · Medical Devices & Sensors · doi:10.1002/mds3.10150 · Cited by 24
Glucose Monitoring Metrics in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes Using Different Treatment Modalities: A Real-World Observational Study
Nørgaard, K., Ranjan, A. G., Laugesen, C., Tidemand, K. G., Green, A., Selmer, C., Svensson, J., Andersen, H. U., Vistisen, D., & Carstensen, B. (2023) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc23-1137 · Cited by 26
Insulin Resistance in Adolescents and Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: A Review of Problems and Solutions
Khadilkar, A. V., Oza, C. M., & Mondkar, S. (2023) · Clinical Medicine Insights Endocrinology and Diabetes · doi:10.1177/11795514231206730 · Cited by 29
First world consensus conference on pancreas transplantation: Part I—Methods and results of literature search
Boggi, U., Vistoli, F., Marchetti, P., Kandaswamy, R., & Berney, T. (2021) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.16738 · Cited by 25
One-Year Real-World Study on Comparison among Different Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Devices for the Management of Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: The Supremacy of Hybrid Closed-Loop Systems
Bombaci, B., Passanisi, S., Alibrandi, A., D’Arrigo, G., Patroniti, S., Averna, S., Salzano, G., & Lombardo, F. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191610293 · Cited by 23
Associations of Time in Range and Other Continuous Glucose Monitoring–Derived Metrics With Well-Being and Patient-Reported Outcomes: Overview and Trends
Ehrmann, D., Priesterroth, L., SCHMITT, A. J., Kulzer, B., & Hermanns, N. (2021) · Diabetes Spectrum · doi:10.2337/ds20-0096 · Cited by 24
Building a modular and multi-cellular virtual twin of the synovial joint in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Zerrouk, N., Augé, F., & Niarakis, A. (2024) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-024-01396-y · Cited by 23
Phenolic Preservative Removal from Commercial Insulin Formulations Reduces Tissue Inflammation while Maintaining Euglycemia
Mulka, A., Lewis, B. E., Mao, L., Sharafieh, R., Kesserwan, S., Wu, R., Kreutzer, D. L., & Klueh, U. (2021) · ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science · doi:10.1021/acsptsci.1c00047 · Cited by 22
Review of Automated Insulin Delivery Systems for Type 1 Diabetes and Associated Time in Range Outcomes
Nallicheri, A., Close Concerns, S. F., Mahoney, K. M., Close Concerns, S. F., Gutow, H. A., Close Concerns, S. F., Bellini, N. J., & Isaacs, D. M. (2022) · touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology · doi:10.17925/ee.2022.18.1.27 · Cited by 24
Randomized Trial of the Insulin-Only iLet Bionic Pancreas for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis– Related Diabetes
Sherwood, J. S., Castellanos, L. E., O’Connor, M. Y., BALLIRO, C. A., HILLARD, M. A., Gaston, S. G., Bartholomew, R. A., Greaux, E. G., Sabean, A., Zheng, H., et al. (2023) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc23-1411 · Cited by 22
Digital Connectivity: The Sixth Vital Sign
Klonoff, D. C., Shang, T., Zhang, J. Y., Cengiz, E., Mehta, C., & Kerr, D. E. (2021) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968211015241 · Cited by 22
Self-citation
Insulin pump therapy is associated with higher rates of mild diabetic ketoacidosis compared to injection therapy: A 2‐year Swedish national survey of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Wersäll, J. H., Adolfsson, P., Forsander, G., & Hanas, R. (2022) · Pediatric Diabetes · doi:10.1111/pedi.13377 · Cited by 21
Outcomes of hybrid closed‐loop insulin delivery activated 24/7 versus evening and night in free‐living prepubertal children with type 1 diabetes: A multicentre, randomized clinical trial
Renard, É., Tubiana‐Rufi, N., Bonnemaison, É., Coutant, R., Dalla‐Vale, F., Bismuth, É., Faure, N., Bouhours‐Nouet, N., Farret, A., Storey, C., et al. (2021) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.14605 · Cited by 21
Self-citation
Zone-MPC Automated Insulin Delivery Algorithm Tuned for Pregnancy Complicated by Type 1 Diabetes
Ozaslan, B., Deshpande, S., Doyle, F., & Dassau, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.768639 · Cited by 20
A Virtual Training Program for the Tandem t:slim X2 Insulin Pump: Implementation and Outcomes
Pinsker, J. E., Singh, H., McElwee-Malloy, M., Constantin, A., LEAS, S. A., Kriegel, K., & HABIF, S. (2021) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2020.0602 · Cited by 21
Computer clinical decision support that automates personalized clinical care: a challenging but needed healthcare delivery strategy
Morris, A. H., Horvat, C. M., Stagg, B. C., Grainger, D. W., Lanspa, M. J., Orme, J. F., Clemmer, T. P., Weaver, L. K., Thomas, F. O., Grissom, C. K., et al. (2022) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocac143 · Cited by 21
Candidate Selection for Hybrid Closed Loop Systems
Forlenza, G. P., Breton, M. D., & Kovatchev, B. P. (2021) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0217 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
Rethinking Carbohydrate Intake and Time in Range in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Cherubini, V., Marino, M., Marigliano, M., Maffeis, C., Zanfardino, A., Rabbone, I., Giorda, S., Schiaffini, R., Lorubbio, A., Rollato, A. S., et al. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13113869 · Cited by 21
Outpatient Randomized Crossover Comparison of Zone Model Predictive Control Automated Insulin Delivery with Weekly Data Driven Adaptation Versus Sensor-Augmented Pump: Results from the International Diabetes Closed-Loop Trial 4
Pinsker, J. E., Dassau, E., Deshpande, S., Raghinaru, D., Buckingham, B. A., Kudva, Y. C., Laffel, L. M., Levy, C. J., Church, M. M., Desrochers, H., et al. (2022) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2022.0084 · Cited by 18
Self-citation
Closed-Loop Control, Artificial Intelligence–Based Decision-Support Systems, and Data Science
Nimri, R., Phillip, M., Clements, M. A., & Kovatchev, B. P. (2024) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2024.2505 · Cited by 22
Impact of Missed and Late Meal Boluses on Glycemic Outcomes in Automated Insulin Delivery-Treated Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Two-Center, Population-Based Cohort Study
Laugesen, C., Ritschel, T., Ranjan, A. G., Hsu, L. J., Jørgensen, J. B., Svensson, J., Ekhlaspour, L., Buckingham, B. A., & Nørgaard, K. (2024) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2024.0022 · Cited by 22
Self-citation
Evaluation of an Automated Priming Bolus for Improving Prandial Glucose Control in Full Closed Loop Delivery
Moscoso-Vásquez, M., Colmegna, P. H., Barnett, C. L., Fuller, M. R., Koravi, C. L. K., Brown, S. A., DeBoer, M. D., & Breton, M. D. (2024) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2024.0315 · Cited by 19
Self-citation
Simplified meal announcement study (SMASH) using hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery in youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled two-centre crossover trial
Laesser, C. I., Piazza, C. D., Schorno, N., Nick, F., Kastrati, L., Züger, T., Barnard-Kelly, K. D., Wilinska, M. E., Nakas, C. T., Hovorka, R., et al. (2024) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-024-06319-w · Cited by 19
Insulin Replacement Across the Menstrual Cycle in Women with Type 1 Diabetes: An In Silico Assessment of the Need for Ad Hoc Technology
Diaz C., J. L., Fabris, C., Breton, M. D., & Cengiz, E. (2022) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2022.0154 · Cited by 19
Self-citation
Closed-Loop and Artificial Intelligence–Based Decision Support Systems
Nimri, R., Phillip, M., & Kovatchev, B. P. (2023) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2023.2505 · Cited by 21
Care of Young Children With Diabetes in the Childcare and Community Setting: A Statement of the American Diabetes Association
March, C. A., Sherman, J., Bannuru, R. R., Fischer, A., Gabbay, R. A., Rodriguez, H., Rodriguez, J., Weissberg-Benchell, J. A., Woodward, C., & ElSayed, N. A. (2023) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci23-0083 · Cited by 19
Evidence from clinical trials on high-risk medical devices in children: a scoping review
Guerlich, K., Patro-Gołąb, B., Dworakowski, P., Fraser, A. G., Kammermeier, M., Melvin, T., & Koletzko, B. V. (2023) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-023-02819-4 · Cited by 17
Closed-Loop Artificial Pancreas Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes
Zhou, K., & Isaacs, D. M. (2022) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-022-01733-1 · Cited by 18
The Advanced Diabetes Technologies for Reduction of the Frequency of Hypoglycemia and Minimizing the Occurrence of Severe Hypoglycemia in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Urakami, T. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12030781 · Cited by 18
Insulin Pump Therapy and Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Schütz-Fuhrmann, I., Rami-Merhar, B. M., Fröhlich-Reiterer, E. E., Hofer, S. E., Tauschmann, M., Mader, J. K., Resl, M., Kautzky‐Willer, A., Winhofer-Stöckl, Y., Laimer, M., et al. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199568604.001.0001 · Cited by 18
A Randomized Trial of Closed-Loop Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Fernandes, N. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc2030417 · Cited by 18
Glycaemic control and variability with different commercially available hybrid closed loop systems in people with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Molfetta, S. D., Gioia, L. D., Caruso, I., Caporusso, M., Trerotoli, P., Natalicchio, A., Perrini, S., Laviola, L., & Giorgino, F. (2025) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.70150 · Cited by 18
Sustained 3-Year Improvement of Glucose Control With Hybrid Closed Loop in Children With Type 1 Diabetes While Going Through Puberty
Bismuth, É., Tubiana‐Rufi, N., Rynders, C. A., Dalla‐Vale, F., Bonnemaison, É., Coutant, R., Farret, A., Poidvin, A., Bouhours‐Nouet, N., Storey, C., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc24-0916 · Cited by 17
Self-citation
The Feasibility and Applicability of Stem Cell Therapy for the Cure of Type 1 Diabetes
Inoue, R., Nishiyama, K., Li, J., Miyashita, D., Ono, M., Terauchi, Y., & Shirakawa, J. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10071589 · Cited by 20
Increase Access, Reduce Disparities: Recommendations for Modifying Medicaid CGM Coverage Eligibility Criteria
Galindo, R. J., Aleppo, G., Parkin, C. G., Baidal, D. A., Carlson, A. L., Cengiz, E., Forlenza, G. P., Kruger, D. F., Levy, C. J., McGill, J. B., et al. (2022) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968221144052 · Cited by 18
Self-citation
Time–Action Profile of Technosphere Insulin in Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Haller, M. J., Jones, M. C., Bhavsar, S., & Kaiserman, K. B. (2023) · Diabetes Therapy · doi:10.1007/s13300-023-01368-7 · Cited by 16
Materials and System Design for Self‐Decision Bioelectronic Systems
Zeng, Q., Liu, H., Zhang, Y., Zheng, Y., Ding, X., Zhu, M., Shi, G., Wang, Y., Haick, H., & Zhang, M. (2026) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202521164 · Cited by 23
Development of the Extended Infusion Set and Its Mechanism of Action
ZHANG, G., Cohen, O., & CHATTARAJ, S. (2022) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968221112120 · Cited by 17
Cost-Effectiveness of Closed-Loop Automated Insulin Delivery Using the Cambridge Hybrid Algorithm in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Results from a Multicenter 6-Month Randomized Trial
Fox, D. S., Ware, J., Boughton, C. K., Allen, J. M., Wilinska, M. E., Tauschmann, M., Denvir, L. A., Thankamony, A., Campbell, F., Wadwa, R. P., et al. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968241231950 · Cited by 16
Self-citation
Comparison between a tubeless, on-body automated insulin delivery system and a tubeless, on-body sensor-augmented pump in type 1 diabetes: a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Kim, J. Y., Jin, S.-M., Kang, E. S., Kwak, S. H., Yang, Y., Yoo, J. H., Bae, J. H., Moon, J. S., Jung, C. H., Bae, J. C., et al. (2024) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-024-06155-y · Cited by 17
Automated Insulin Delivery Systems in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Narrative Review
Adolfsson, P., Hanås, R., Zaharieva, D. P., Dovč, K., & JENDLE, J. H. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968241248404 · Cited by 18
Evaluation of time in tight range and the glycaemia risk index in adults with type 1 diabetes using an advanced hybrid closed loop system: A 1‐year real‐world assessment
Rizzi, A., Tartaglione, L., Paoli, L. L., Leo, M. L., Popolla, V., Viti, L., Barberio, A., Leo, M. A. S. D., Pontecorvi, A., & Pitocco, D. (2024) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.15766 · Cited by 16
NiCo2S4 Nanosheets Supported on Cu7S4 Microcubes for the Electrochemical Detection of Glucose in Human Serum
Chu, T., Zhang, C., Huang, R., Zhang, W., Deng, D., Yan, X., Zhang, Q., & Luo, L. (2024) · ACS Applied Nano Materials · doi:10.1021/acsanm.4c03890 · Cited by 16
Initiating hybrid closed loop: A program evaluation of an educator‐led Control‐IQ follow‐up at a large pediatric clinic
Messer, L. H., Berget, C., Ernst, A., Towers, L., Slover, R. H., & Forlenza, G. P. (2021) · Pediatric Diabetes · doi:10.1111/pedi.13183 · Cited by 15
Self-citation
Closed‐loop technology: a practical guide
Hartnell, S., Fuchs, J., Boughton, C. K., & Hovorka, R. (2021) · Practical Diabetes · doi:10.1002/pdi.2350 · Cited by 19
Hybrid closed‐loop therapy with a first‐generation system increases confidence and independence in diabetes management in youth with type 1 diabetes
Roberts, A., Fried, L., Dart, J., de Bock, M. I., Fairchild, J. M., King, B. R., Ambler, G. R., Cameron, F. J., McAuley, S. A., KEECH, A. C., et al. (2022) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.14907 · Cited by 16
Personalizing computational models to construct medical digital twins
Knapp, A., Cruz, D. A., Mehrad, B., & Laubenbacher, R. (2025) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2025.0055 · Cited by 19
Safety, metabolic and psychological outcomes of Medtronic MiniMed 670G in children, adolescents and young adults: a systematic review
Mameli, C., Smylie, G. M., Galati, A., Rapone, B., Cardona‐Hernandez, R., Zuccotti, G., & Delvecchio, M. (2023) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-023-04833-4 · Cited by 15
New Insulins, Biosimilars, and Insulin Therapy
Danne, T., Heinemann, L., & Bolinder, J. (2021) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.2504 · Cited by 15
Efficacy, safety, and satisfaction with the Accu-Chek Insight with Diabeloop closed-loop system in subjects with type 1 diabetes: a multicenter real-world study
Chico, A., Navas de Solís, S., Lainez, M., Rius, F., & Cuesta, M. (2023) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2022.0449 · Cited by 14
The future of digital twins in precision dentistry
Saghiri, M. A., Vakhnovetsky, J., & Saghiri, A. M. (2022) · Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research · doi:10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.10.003 · Cited by 14
Effect of 48 Months of Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery on Residual C-Peptide Secretion and Glycemic Control in Newly Diagnosed Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial
Ware, J., Boughton, C. K., Allen, J. M., Wilinska, M. E., Hartnell, S., Thankamony, A., Randell, T. L., Ghatak, A., Besser, R. E. J., Elleri, D., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc24-0360 · Cited by 19
Successful transitioning children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes from multiple daily injections to advanced hybrid closed-loop system in 10 days: a prospective intervention study on MiniMed 780G system
Petrovski, G., Khalaf, F. A., Campbell, J., Day, E., Almajaly, D., Hussain, K., Pasha, M., Umer, F., Hamdan, M., & Khalifa, A. (2022) · Acta Diabetologica · doi:10.1007/s00592-022-01851-w · Cited by 14
Patients’ opinions 10 years after receiving encapsulated porcine islet xenotransplantation without immunosuppression
Matsumoto, S., Abalovich, A., Wynyard, S., Carulla, M. E., & Abalovich, D. (2023) · Xenotransplantation · doi:10.1111/xen.12798 · Cited by 13
(Hybrid) Closed-Loop Systems: From Announced to Unannounced Exercise
Zimmer, R. T., Auth, A., Schierbauer, J., Haupt, S., Wachsmuth, N. B., Zimmermann, P., Voit, T., Battelino, T., Sourij, H., & Moser, O. (2023) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2023.0293 · Cited by 15
Efficacy of advanced hybrid closed loop systems for the management of type 1 diabetes in children
Ferrito, L., Passanisi, S., Bonfanti, R., Cherubini, V., Minuto, N., Schiaffini, R., & Scaramuzza, A. E. (2021) · Minerva Pediatrics · doi:10.23736/s2724-5276.21.06531-9 · Cited by 16
The Impact of Different Types of Rice and Cooking on Postprandial Glycemic Trends in Children with Type 1 Diabetes with or without Celiac Disease
Colasanto, A., Savastio, S., Pozzi, E., Gorla, C., Coïsson, J. D., Arlorio, M., & Rabbone, I. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15071654 · Cited by 14
Decision Support Systems and Closed Loop
Nimri, R., Ochs, A. R., Pinsker, J. E., Phillip, M., & Dassau, E. (2019) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2019.2504 · Cited by 13
Standardized Hybrid Closed-Loop System Reporting
Shah, V. N., & Garg, S. K. (2020) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2020.0622 · Cited by 14
A nationwide 12‐month observatory of automated insulin delivery shows improved glucose control, sustained adoption, and reduced acute severe events
Riveline, J., Julla, J., Bonnemaison, É., Joubert, M., Lablanche, S., Sola‐Gazagnes, A., Demarsy, D., Gouet, D., Schaepelynck, P., Amouyal, C., et al. (2025) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.70302 · Cited by 14
Self-citation
Changes in A1C Versus GMI Across Glycemic Categories in Clinical Trials of Type 1 Diabetes
Montaser, E., Abad, S. E., & Shah, V. N. (2025) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf211 · Cited by 11
Real-World Glycemic and Person-Reported Outcomes After Tandem Control-IQ Initiation in Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Meulemeester, J. D., Valgaerts, L., Massa, G., Gies, I., Depoorter, S., Aken, S. V., Chivu, O., den Brinker, M., Mouraux, T., Loocke, M. V., et al. (2025) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf265 · Cited by 13
Glucose control during Ramadan in a pediatric cohort with type 1 diabetes on MiniMed standard and advanced hybrid closed‑loop systems: A pilot study
Wannes, S., Gamal, G. M., Fredj, M. B., Qusayer, D. A., Abed, S. E., Sedky, Y., & Khalil, M. (2023) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110867 · Cited by 14
Mise en place de l’insulinothérapie automatisée en boucle fermée : position d’experts français
Franc, S., Schaepelynck, P., Tubiana‐Rufi, N., Chaillous, L., Joubert, M., Renard, É., Reznik, Y., Abettan, C., Bismuth, É., Beltrand, J., et al. (2020) · Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques · doi:10.1016/s1957-2557(20)30003-1 · Cited by 14
AID(„automated insulin delivery“)-Systeme in der Diabetologie
Biester, T., Dovč, K., Chobot, A. P., Tauschmann, M., & Kapellen, T. M. (2021) · Der Diabetologe · doi:10.1007/s11428-021-00777-1 · Cited by 12
Improving equity in diabetes technology use: Voices of youth and their parents
PERKINS, A. G., Hinds, P. S., Grundman, J., Meighan, S. S., Monaghan, M. C., Streisand, R. M., & Marks, B. E. (2024) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.15382 · Cited by 11
Predictors of glycaemic improvement in children and young adults with type 1 diabetes and very elevated HbA1c using the MiniMed 780G system
Zhou, Y., Boucsein, A., Michaels, V. R., Gray, M. K., Jefferies, C., Wiltshire, E. J., Paul, R. G., Parry‐Strong, A., Pasha, M., Petrovski, G., et al. (2025) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.16210 · Cited by 11

Authors: Breton, M. D., Kanapka, L. G., Beck, R. W., Ekhlaspour, L., Forlenza, G. P., Cengiz, E., Schoelwer, M., Ruedy, K. J., Jost, E., Carria, L., Emory, E., Hsu, L. J., Oliveri, M., Kollman, C. C., Dokken, B. B., Weinzimer, S. A., DeBoer, M. D., Buckingham, B. A., Cherñavvsky, D., & Wadwa, R. P.
Affiliations: Stanford Medicine (US)
Yale University (US)
ORCID: Breton, Marc D.
Kanapka, Lauren G.
Beck, Roy W.
Ekhlaspour, Laya
Forlenza, Gregory P.
Cengiz, Eda
Schoelwer, Melissa
Jost, Emily
Oliveri, Mary
Kollman, Craig C.
Weinzimer, Stuart A.
DeBoer, Mark D.
Buckingham, Bruce A.
Cherñavvsky, Daniel
Wadwa, R. Paul
Venue: New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Published: 2020-08-27
Volume: 383
Issue: 9
Pages: 836-845
ISSN: 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
1533-4406
DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2004736
PMC: PMC7920146
OpenAlex: W3080244655
Semantic Scholar: b2dc01402e937edd688a968cc993faf797fe24ad
Cited by: 455
References: 24
Citations by year: 2026: 54 · 2025: 68 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 84 · 2022: 88 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 15
FWCI: 49.97
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.nejmgroup.org/legal/terms-of-use.htm (vor)
Locations: New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
HAL (submittedVersion)
Funders: Tandem Diabetes
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
Keywords: type 1 diabetes, children, artificial pancreas, sensor-augmented pump, glycemic control, continuous glucose monitoring, hypoglycemia, HbA1c, diabetes technology, diabetic ketoacidosis, glycemic variability
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Blood Glucose, Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemia, Hypoglycemic Agents, Injections, Subcutaneous, Insulin, Insulin Infusion Systems, Male, Infusion Pumps, Implantable, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Pancreas, Artificial

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A Randomized Trial of Closed-Loop Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks