Cord serum ferritin concentrations and mental and psychomotor development of children at five years of age

Tamura, Tsunenobu; Goldenberg, Robert L.; Hou, Jinrong; Johnston, Kelley E.; Cliver, Suzanne P.; Ramey, Sharon L.; Nelson, Kathleen G.

doi:10.1067/mpd.2002.120688

Cited by 360Iron Metabolism and DisordersTrace Elements in HealthChild Nutrition and Water Access

Cord serum ferritin concentrations and mental and psychomotor development of children at five years of age

Tamura, Tsunenobu, Goldenberg, Robert L., Hou, Jinrong, Johnston, Kelley E., Cliver, Suzanne P., Ramey, Sharon L., Nelson, Kathleen G.·2002·The Journal of Pediatrics

DOI 10.1067/mpd.2002.120688

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Abstract

Objective Our purpose was to evaluate the association between fetal iron status and mental and psychomotor development at 5 years of age.Study design We evaluated the association of fetal iron status (umbilical cord serum ferritin concentrations) with test scores of mental and psychomotor development of 278 children. Six tests were given, including full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ), language ability, fine- and gross-motor skills, attention, and tractability.Results Compared with children with cord ferritin in the 2 median quartiles, those in the lowest quartile scored lower on every test and had significantly worse language ability, fine-motor skills, and tractability. They were also 4.8-fold more likely to score poorly in fine-motor skills and 2.7-fold more likely to have poor tractability than children in the median quartiles. FSIQ in the highest quartile was slightly, but not significantly, lower than the median quartiles, but the odds ratio for having a FSIQ score of less than 70 for children in the highest quartile was 3.3 (95% CI 1.2-9.1).Conclusion Poor iron status (low ferritin) in utero appears to be associated with diminished performance in certain mental and psychomotor tests. The reason for the association between high ferritin concentrations and low FSIQ scores is unknown.

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High iron intake from supplements or fortified products is known to be toxic, has been linked to negative health effects such as adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, and may be particularly harmful for some genetically susceptible people.
“very high iron intake in supplemental or forti fi ed forms is known to be toxic and has been associated with negative health impacts, including adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, and could be especially harmful for certain genetically susceptible individuals (42, 45).”
From Maternal Intake of Supplemental Iron and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [45]

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Authors: Tamura, T., Goldenberg, R. L., Hou, J., Johnston, K. E., Cliver, S. P., Ramey, S. L., & Nelson, K. G.
Affiliations: Civitan International (US)
ORCID: Goldenberg, Robert L.
Venue: The Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-02
Volume: 140
Issue: 2
Pages: 165-170
ISSN: 0022-3476 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1067/mpd.2002.120688
OpenAlex: W2005649527
Cited by: 360
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 5.22
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Journal of Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5p50hd032901-05)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (N01-HD-4-2811, HD32901)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
Keywords: fetal iron status, cognitive development, psychomotor development, language skills, fine motor skills, gross motor skills, attention, tractability, full-scale intelligence quotient, 5-year-old children
MeSH terms: Brain, Child, Preschool, Female, Ferritins, Fetal Blood, Humans, Intelligence Tests, Language, Male, Mental Processes, Psychomotor Performance

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Cord serum ferritin concentrations and mental and psychomotor development of children at five years of age

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